面向导航增强的低轨卫星钟差确定及预报方法研究

低轨导航增强是未来导航发展的重要趋势,而高精度低轨卫星钟差是实现低轨导航增强的必要条件。基于Sentinel-6A卫星,对低轨卫星钟差特性进行了分析,给出了钟差确定方法及影响因素,介绍了顾及钟差特性的低轨卫星钟差预报方法。实验表明,低轨卫星钟差含有多个周期项,给低轨卫星建模和预报带来了困难。与使用运动学定轨模型相比,基于简化动力学的定轨模型可显著提升低轨卫星钟差精度;当基于运动学模型确定低轨卫星钟差时,相较于使用GPS单系统数据,多GNSS观测数据可提升低轨卫星钟差精度。研究表明,基于GPS和Galileo观测的Sentinel-6A卫星钟差精度相较于GPS单系统钟差精度改善了36%,同时,所使用的GNSS产品精度与低轨卫星钟差精度密切相关。利用顾及卫星钟差特性的低轨卫星钟差预报方法,当预报时长小于1 min,低轨卫星钟差预报精度（预报与解算值之差的RMSE）在0.1 ns之内,当预报时长小于5 min,预报精度在0.3 ns之内,随着预报时长的增长,预报精度显著下降。     

复杂姿态下基于空时码的测控方法

为了提高复杂姿态条件下飞行器测控通信的可靠性,将LDPC（Low Density Parity Check,低密度奇偶校验）码和空时码级联,并采用2×1天线系统,建立了系统模型,阐述了信道参数估计方法,在此基础上提出了基于信道参数估计的空时软译码算法,使得空时译码器输出软信息给LDPC译码器,能充分利用LDPC的编码增益。仿真结果表明,不采用空时码时在π相位差附近出现很高的误码,导致通信中断;采用空时码能够保证在任何相位差的条件下误码率在一定的范围内,实现不间断测控。     

液体成型树脂基复合材料及其工艺研究进展

介绍了液体成型复合材料的主要类别和特点,论述了国内外液体成型树脂体系、液体成型树脂匹配的定型剂、液体成型复合材料预成型体制备工艺等技术进展.介绍了近年来液体成型复合材料发展迅速或备受关注的新工艺,如高压RTM成型工艺、热塑性树脂基液体成型工艺、自动铺放液体成型工艺、SQRTM成型工艺等.展望了液体成型复合材料未来发展趋...     

Effects of surface roughness on the aerodynamic performance of a high subsonic compressor airfoil at low Reynolds number

The aerodynamic performance of compressor airfoil is significantly affected by the surface roughness at low Reynolds number (Re). In the present study, numerical simulations have been conducted to investigate the impact of surface roughness on the profile loss of a high subsonic compressor airfoil at Re = 1.5 × 10⁵. Four roughness locations, covering 10%, 30%, 50% and 100% of the suction surface from the leading edge and seven roughness magnitudes (R_a) ranging from 52 to 525 μm were selected. Results showed that the surface roughness mainly determined the loss generation process by influencing the structure of the Laminar Separation Bubble (LSB) and the turbulence level near the wall. For all the roughness locations, the variation trend for the profile loss with the roughness magnitude was similar. In the transitionally rough region, the negative displacement effect of the LSB was suppressed with the increase of roughness magnitude, leading to a maximum decrease of 14.6%, 16.04%, 16.45% and 10.20% in the profile loss at R_a = 157 μm for the four roughness locations, respectively. However, with a further increase of the roughness magnitude in the fully rough region, the stronger turbulent dissipation enhanced the growth rate of the turbulent boundary layer and increased the profile loss instead. By comparison, the leading edge roughness played a dominant role in the boundary layer development and performance variation. To take fully advantage of the surface roughness reducing profile loss at low Re, the effects of roughness on suppressing LSB and inducing strong turbulent dissipation should be balanced effectively.     

一种低分辨雷达飞机目标识别方法

介绍了一种基于低分辨雷达回波序列的飞机目标识别方法。该方法把一维回波序列变换成二维轮廓像,在二维轮廓像基础上,提取到较一维回波更加稳定、有效的特征。采用神经网络做为分类器,利用所提取的特征对五类飞机目标进行识别试验,得到了较高的正确识别率。     

低密度高亚声速引射风洞设计及性能研究

研究以火星表面大气条件和火星飞行器飞行速度为基础，设计一个低密度高亚声速引射风洞，并运用ANSYS FLUENT 15.0对多喷嘴引射风洞的性能进行了数值计算分析。首先对计算进行了网格无关性验证，在保证计算精度和减少时间与计算资源的基础上，通过研究发现：多喷嘴引射器作为风洞动力系统可满足试验段马赫数达到0.77的高亚声速马赫数要求，并且对试验段上下壁面采用各1°的扩张角可有效降低试验段边界层对压力的影响，从而使试验段静压基本维持不变；提高引射膨胀比是提高试验段雷诺数的一个有效措施，但是会降低引射系数，同时会增加试验段的静压梯度，影响试验段的气流品质。因此低密度引射风洞设计过程中必须综合考虑试验段扩张角，引射膨胀比等因素。     

NeQuick G model based scale factor determination for using SBAS ionosphere corrections at low earth orbit

A space-based augmentation system (SBAS) provides real-time correction data for global navigation satellite system (GNSS) users near ground. In order to use the SBAS ionosphere correction for low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites, the correction should be scaled down for the LEO altitude. This scale factor varies with ionosphere distribution and it is hard to determine the value at LEO in real time. We propose a real-time scale factor determination method by using Galileo GNSS’s NeQuick G model. A LEO satellite GPS data and SBAS data received on ground were used to evaluate the performance of the NeQuick G derived variable scale factor. The NeQuick G derived scale factor shows a significant accuracy improvement over NeQuick G model or pre-determined constant scale factor. It improves a vertical positioning accuracy of the LEO satellite. The error mean reductions of the vertical positioning over NeQuick G and the constant scale factor are 31.5% and 11.7%, respectively.     

Evaluation of the improvement of IRI-2016 over IRI-2012 at the India low-latitude region during the ascending phase of cycle 24

This paper investigated the performance of the latest International Reference Ionosphere model (IRI-2016) over that of IRI-2012 in predicting total electron content (TEC) at three different stations in the Indian region. The data used were Global Positioning System (GPS) data collected during the ascending phase of solar cycle 24 over three low-latitude stations in India namely; Bangalore (13.02°N Geographic latitude, 77.57°E Geographic longitude), Hyderabad (17.25°N Geographic latitude, 78.30°E Geographic longitude) and Surat (21.16°N Geographic latitude, 72.78°E Geographic longitude). Monthly, the seasonal and annual variability of GPS-TEC have been compared with those derived from International Reference Ionosphere IRI-2016 and IRI-2012 with two different options of topside electron density: NeQuick and IRI01-corr. It is observed that both versions of IRI (i.e., IRI-2012 and IRI-2016) predict the GPS-TEC with some deviations, the latest version of IRI (IRI-2016) predicted the TEC similar to those predicted by IRI-2012 for all the seasons at all stations except for morning hours (0500 LT to 1000?LT). This shows that the effect of the updated version is seen only during morning hours and also that there is no change in TEC values by IRI-2016 from those predicted by IRI-2012 for the rest of the time of the day in the Indian low latitude region. The semiannual variations in the daytime maximum values of TEC are clearly observed from both GPS and model-derived TEC values with two peaks around March-April and September-October months of each year. Further, the Correlation of TEC derived by IRI-2016 and IRI-2012 with EUV and F10.7 shows similar results. This shows that the solar input to the IRI-2016 is similar to IRI 2012. There is no significant difference observed in TEC, bottom-side thickness (B0) and shape (B1) parameter predictions by both the versions of the IRI model. However, a clear improvement is visible in hmF2 and NmF2 predictions by IRI-2016 to that by IRI-2012. The SHU-2015 option of the IRI-2016 gives a better prediction of NmF2 for all the months at low latitude station Ahmedabad compare to AMTB 2013.     

Seasonal,annual, and interannual variability in MLT quasi-two-day waves over the low-latitude region Kolhapur (16.8°N; 74.2°E)

This study presents the quasi-two-day wave (Q2DW) characteristics of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region obtained by taking hourly mean values of horizontal wind velocities for 4? years (August 2013–July 2017) through continuous measurements using a medium-frequency (MF) radar (operating frequency – 1.98?MHz) located at the low-latitude Indian station Kolhapur (16.8°N; 74.2°E). The MF radar located at Kolhapur was upgraded in 2013, and these results of Q2DW have been reported for the first time after upgrading. The present study investigated variability in seasonal, annual, interannual, and solar indices of Q2DWs traveling in zonal (EW) and meridional (NS) components in the MLT region. The Q2DW activity is observed to be stronger during austral summer (January–February) (EW?=?～5?m/s and NS?=?～8–10?m/s) than during boreal summer (June–July) (EW = ～5 m/s and NS = ～6–8?m/s). The Q2DW amplitudes are larger in the meridional component than in the zonal one. A strong semiannual oscillation (SAO) has been observed in Q2DWs, with peak during January–February and June–July. In addition, small enhancement is seen in meridional Q2DW in October (～5–6?m/s). It is observed that the entire spectrum (40–60?h) measured between 86 and 94?km contributes to the SAO amplitudes during January–February and June–July, whereas the waves measured between 42?h and 52?h contribute to enhancement in October similar to that reported elsewhere. In general, the Q2DW amplitude shows large interannual variability. The easterlies developed in the global circulation model in Northern hemisphere during May intensify up to around summer solstice. Q2DW activity peaks during westerly shear zone and intensifies with time at a lower thermospheric altitude (above 90?km). Small positive correlations (r?=?0.2 for sunspot number and r?=?0.1 for 10.7?cm solar flux) have been observed between Q2DW amplitudes and solar activity.     

Inverse design of low boom configurations using proper orthogonal decomposition and augmented Burgers equation

Mitigation of sonic boom to an acceptable stage is a key point for the next generation of supersonic transports. Meanwhile, designing a supersonic aircraft with an ideal ground signature is always the focus of research on sonic boom reduction. This paper presents an inverse design approach to optimize the near-field signature of an aircraft, making it close to the shaped ideal ground signature after the propagation in the atmosphere. Using the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition(POD) method, a guessed input of augmented Burgers equation is inversely achieved. By multiple POD iterations, the guessed ground signatures successively approach the target ground signature until the convergence criteria is reached. Finally, the corresponding equivalent area distribution is calculated from the optimal near-field signature through the classical Whitham F-function theory. To validate this method, an optimization example of Lockheed Martin 1021 is demonstrated. The modified configuration has a fully shaped ground signature and achieves a drop of perceived loudness by 7.94 PLdB. This improvement is achieved via shaping the original near-field signature into wiggles and damping it by atmospheric attenuation. At last, a nonphysical ground signature is set as the target to test the robustness of this inverse design method and shows that this method is robust enough for various inputs.