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161.
针对载人登月任务背景及工程约束,提出一种轨道与窗口一体化设计方法。通过两次坐标转化,将自由返回轨道设计参数解耦为近月点独立变量。在双二体假设下,通过4段二体轨道拼接完成自由返回轨道初值快速搜索及匹配近地停泊轨道(LEO)面的月窗口,其结果作为下一步采用序列二次规划(SQP)迭代求解高精度动力学模型轨道参数的初值,在该条精确轨道近月点时刻90 min邻域内产生可以匹配LEO地月转移入轨相位的零窗口轨道。算例表明,该流程能够精确快速地完成具有复杂任务背景及苛刻工程要求的载人登月绕月自由返回轨道与窗口设计问题。 相似文献
162.
163.
利用超声速平板试验技术,对两种低密度烧蚀材料在高焓、低热流(气流剪切力70 N/m~2,冷壁热流密度200 kW/m~2,气流总焓12 MJ/kg,压力1 kPa,试验时间300 s)条件下进行了高温气动剪切试验.试验中通过试验件的不同安装方式,综合考核了材料的性能及工艺.结果表明:两种低密度烧蚀材料试验过程中无明显剥蚀,表面碳层完整,材料的抗剪切性能较好,两种材料表面烧蚀较为均匀,材料间的粘接缝没有明显的开裂,也没有出现冲刷凹槽,材料的热匹配性能较好;材料与底板之间没有脱落现象,粘接工艺较好. 相似文献
164.
在防御体系中雷达对低空目标一般呈俯视状况,因此在电波折射修正中必须把地球视为椭球,而不能视为圆球体,否则会产生很大误差.本文通过雷达测量参数和大地坐标与空间坐标的转换,给出了计算雷达电波射线上任意一点对应地球半径的方法. 相似文献
165.
Makhosonke Berthwell Dubazane John Bosco Habarulema Jean Claude Uwamahoro 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2018,61(1):326-336
For the first time, empirical model of daytime vertical drift based on Empirical Orthogonal functions (EOF) decomposition technique is presented. Day-to-day variability of drift inferred from horizontal (H) geomagnetic field data around dip latitude for the period of 2008–2013 is used to both develop and validate the model. Results show that the EOF technique is promising with modelled values and data giving correlation coefficient values of at least 0.90 for geomagnetic conditions of both and within 2008–2013. Independent model validation shows that in situ values from ion velocity meter (IVM) instrument on-board C/NOFS satellite are closer to model estimates than the climatological Scherliess-Fejer (SF) model incorporated within the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI). 相似文献
166.
Sneha A. Gokani Rajesh Singh S. Tulasi Ram K. Venkatesham B. Veenadhari Sandeep Kumar R. Selvakumaran 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2018,61(7):1909-1918
The source region and propagation mechanism of low latitude whistlers (Geomag. lat. <30°) have puzzled scientific community for last many decades. In view of recent reports, there is consensus on the source region of low latitude whistlers in the vicinity of the conjugate point. But the plausible conditions of ionospheric medium through which they travel are still uncertain. In addition to that, the whistlers in daytime are never observed at geomagnetic latitudes less than 20°. Here, for the first time, we present a rare observations of whistlers during sunlit hours from a very low-latitude station Allahabad (Geomag. Lat: 16.79°N, L = 1.08) in India on 04 February 2011. More than 90 whistlers are recorded during 1200–1300 UT during which the whole propagation path from lightning source region to whistler observation site is under sunlit. The favorable factors that facilitated the whistlers prior to the sunset are investigated in terms of source lightning characteristics, geomagnetic and background ionospheric medium conditions. The whistler activity period was found to be geomagnetically quiet. However, a significant suppression in ionospheric total electron content (TEC) compared to its quiet day average is found. This shows that background ionospheric conditions may play a key role in low latitude whistler propagation. This study reveals that whistlers can occur under sunlit hours at latitudes as low as L = 1.08 when the source lightning and ionospheric medium characteristics are optimally favorable. 相似文献
167.
《中国航空学报》2021,34(8):112-121
Uniaxial ratcheting behaviour and low cycle fatigue (LCF) failure mechanism of nickel-based single crystal superalloy DD6 with [001] orientation are investigated through the stress-controlled LCF tests with stress ratio of −1. Then the deformation behaviour during the whole-lifetime from the beginning of the experiment to the fracture of the specimen, as well as the fractographic/metallographic morphology, are compared with the strain-controlled LCF experimental results. Through the scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations, it is shown that the failure characteristics under stress-controlled LCF loading are similar with those under strain-controlled loading. Nevertheless, unlike strain-controlled LCF loading, even under fully reversed cycle loading for stress-controlled LCF, DD6 shows significant ratcheting behaviour due to the tension-compression asymmetry. In addition, the LCF lifetimes under stress control are significantly shorter than the LCF lifetimes under strain control, and the culprit might be the detrimental effect of ratcheting strain on LCF lifetime. Based on these phenomena, an improved crystal plasticity constitutive model on the basis of slip-based Walker constitutive model is developed through modifying the kinematic hardening rule in order to overcome the inaccurate prediction of decelerating stage and stable stage of ratcheting behaviour. Furthermore, combining the continuum damage mechanics, a damage-coupled crystal plasticity constitutive model is proposed to reflect the damage behaviour of DD6 and the accelerating stage of ratcheting behaviour. The simulation results for the stress-controlled LCF deformation behaviour including the whole-lifetime ratcheting behaviour show good agreement with the experimental data. 相似文献
168.
《中国航空学报》2021,34(5):239-252
Natural flyers have extraordinary flight skills and their prominent aerodynamic performance has attracted a lot of attention. However, the aerodynamic mechanism of birds' flapping wing kinematics still lacks in-depth understanding. In this paper, the aerodynamic performance of owl-like airfoil undergoing bio-inspired flapping kinematics extracted from a free-flying owl wing has been numerically investigated. The overset mesh technique is used to deal with the large range movements of flapping airfoils. The bio-inspired kinematics consist of plunging and pitching movement. A pure sinusoidal motion and a defined motion composed of plunging of sinusoidal motion and pitching of the bio-inspired kinematics are selected for comparison. The other two NACA airfoils are also selected to figure out the advantages of the owl-like airfoil. It is found that the cambered owl-like airfoil can enhance lift during the downstroke. The bio-inspired kinematics have an obvious advantage in lift generation with a presence of higher peak lift and positive lift over a wider proportion of the flapping cycle. Meanwhile, the bio-inspired motion is more economical for a lower power consumption compared with the sinusoidal motion. The sinusoidal flapping motion is better for thrust generation for a higher peak thrust value in both upstroke and downstroke, while the bio-inspired kinematics mainly generate thrust during the downstroke but produce more drag during the upstroke. The defined motion has similar lift performance with the bio-inspired kinematics, while it consumes more energy and generates less thrust. The unsteady flow field around airfoils is also analyzed to explain the corresponding phenomenon. The research in this paper is helpful to understand the flight mechanism of birds and to design a micro air vehicle with higher performance. 相似文献
169.
W. Hausleitner G. Kirchner S. Krauss J. Weingrill R. Pail H. Goiginger D. Rieser 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2010
Satellite gravity field missions such as CHAMP, GRACE and GOCE are designed as low Earth orbiting spacecraft (LEO) with orbit heights of about 250–500 km. The challenging mission objectives require a very precise knowledge of the satellite orbit position in space. For these missions precise orbit information is typically provided by GPS satellite-to-satellite tracking (SST) observations supported by satellite laser ranging (SLR). 相似文献
170.