一种基于FFT的Galileo搜救信号频域检测方法

Galileo搜救系统是全球卫星搜救组织(COSPAS-SARSAT)的一部分,搭载于Galileo导航星座,能对遇险用户发出的求救信号进行定位并实施救援。经卫星转发的搜救信号信噪比很低,能否在低信噪比条件下完成卫星信号的检测对搜救系统的正常工作至关重要。为了解决这一问题,文章提出了一种基于快速傅里叶变换(FFT)运算的频域检测方法,通过理论分析和仿真验证可以看出,这种方法能有效地实现低信噪比条件下的卫星下行信号检测。     

Human response to high-background radiation environments on Earth and in space

The main long-term objective of the space exploration program is the colonization of the planets of the Solar System. The high cosmic radiation equivalent dose rate represents an inescapable problem for the safe establishment of permanent human settlements on these planets. The unshielded equivalent dose rate on Mars ranges between 100 and 200 mSv/year, depending on the Solar cycle and altitude, and can reach values as high as 360 mSv/year on the Moon. The average annual effective dose on Earth is about 3 mSv, nearly 85% of which comes from natural background radiation, reduced to less than 1 mSv if man-made sources and the internal exposure to Rn daughters are excluded. However, some areas on Earth display anomalously high levels of background radiation, as is the case with thorium-rich monazite bearing sand deposits where values 200–400 times higher than the world average can be found. About 2% of the world’s population live above 3 km and receive a disproportionate 10% of the annual effective collective dose due to cosmic radiation, with a net contribution to effective dose by the neutron component which is 3–4 fold that at sea level. Thus far, epidemiological studies have failed to show any adverse health effects in the populations living in these terrestrial high-background radiation areas (HBRA), which provide an unique opportunity to study the health implications of an environment that, as closely as possibly achievable on Earth, resembles the chronic exposure of future space colonists to higher-than-normal levels of ionizing radiation. Chromosomal aberrations in the peripheral blood lymphocytes from the HBRA residents have been measured in several studies because chromosomal damage represents an early biomarker of cancer risk. Similar cytogenetic studies have been recently performed in a cohort of astronauts involved in single or repeated space flights over many years. The cytogenetic findings in populations exposed to high dose-rate background radiation on Earth or in space will be discussed.     

同温层气球平台反向定位系统的研究

反向定位系统是针对驻留型同温层气球平台的一种新型定位系统 ,该系统的基本原理是由接收站的位置计算得出发射机的位置。文章采用卡尔曼滤波的方法 ,建立了反向定位系统的模型 ,给出其滤波算法 ;鉴于地面接收站的位置选择对该系统的定位精度有较大的影响 ,给出地面站选址依据 ,并通过计算、仿真获得一组较为理想的布站方式。此外 ,钟差是系统的一个主要误差源 ,文中对其引起的定位误差进行了分析 ,并给出估算的方法 ;对系统中的传播误差、设备误差也进行了分析。最后 ,对系统建立了仿真模型进行仿真。结果表明 ,该定位系统具有较好的定位精度     

“堵塞”技术在发动机高空模拟试验中的应用研究

通过对发动机高空模拟试验推力的确定方法与修正方法的分析,从理论上阐明了"堵塞"技术在发动机高空模拟试验中应用的机理和适用条件。通过对罗.罗公司高空台斯贝发动机和某高空台上涡喷发动机"堵塞"试验结果的分析,证明了"堵塞"技术在带收敛喷管的发动机高空模拟试验中应用的可行性和合理性。本文研究结果拓展了HB6213[1]中推力计算公式和推力修正公式的适用范围。      

高度补偿喷管冷态模拟与推力测量试验技术研究

推力特性是发动机的重要特性,也是评价发动机喷管性能优劣的重要指标.而发动机的推力特性会随高度的变化而产生一定的变化,同时,喷管型面和结构形式,也是影响其推力特性的重要因素.目前,国内外都在研究和优化发动机喷管的结构形式和型面,改善和提高喷管的性能.为了研究分析双钟形喷管和塞式喷管的高度补偿特性,需要进行地面模拟试验.为满足在FD-20A风洞中进行高度补偿喷管试验的需要,开展了高度补偿冷态模拟试验技术研究,对在冷态模拟条件下的喷流模拟技术、喷管推力测量试验技术和流动显示技术等进行了研究,满足了试验的需求.     

测控装备机内测试设备计量校准技术研究

研究测控装备机内测试设备计量校准方法，获取机内测试设备技术状态的准确信息，是确保测控装备量值准确可靠的基础。以系统理论为指导，研究测控装备机内测试设备的工作运行机理和计量校准方法，选取某型测控装备，分析其技术要求、确定校准点、校准接口和校准设备，明确计量校准项目和参数，对提出的测控装备机内测试设备计量校准方法进行实验验证，为今后开展机内测试设备计量校准提供了方法和依据。     

Experimental study on NOx emission correlation of fuel staged combustion in a LPP combustor at high pressure based on NO-chemiluminescence

Experimental investigations on NO_x emissions of a single-cup, Lean Premixed Prevaporized (LPP), module combustor were carried out at elevated inlet temperature and pressure up to 810 K and 2.0 MPa, close to the real operating conditions of aero-engine combustors. This LPP combustor adopts centrally staged fuel injections which could produce separated stratified swirling spray flame. In the NO_x emissions measurements, the ranges of dome equivalence ratio and fuel stage ratio were from 0.55 to 0.58 and 8% to 24%, respectively. The optical diagnosis on separated stratified swirling spray flame were carried out with fuel stage ratio changing from 15% to 30%. Therefore, NO* and OH* chemiluminescence images were obtained. The results show that NO_x emissions increase with the increase of the fuel stage ratio. And from the chemiluminescence images, the main flame and pilot flame are found weakly coupled. The pilot flame plays a significant role in NO_x emission production because of its higher adiabatic flame temperature. Based on the results of chemiluminescence optical tests, a new NO_x emission prediction model is proposed based on the Lefebvre’s single flame model. The estimate of local equivalence ratio of the pilot stage’s non-premixed flame is modified considering the characteristics of spray combustion, and a “PLUS” emission prediction model suitable for separated stratified swirling spray flame is obtained. Compared to the experimental data, the “PLUS” model exhibits a good prediction in a range of ±13% of deviation.     

时域中低阶等效系统方法及其应用

介绍了用低阶等效系统拟配高阶飞机时间反应的新方法，该方法利用飞行试验中收集的飞机输入和输出数据识别飞机动力学特性，以变稳飞机ＮＴ－３３Ａ飞行试验为例，预测和评定了不同构形情况下的有关飞行品质，并与带宽准则估计结果和实际驾驶员评定进行了比较，结果证明该方法适用于飞行试验中飞行品质的评定。     

典型散射体低频特性估计

本文探讨了几种典型金属物体的低频散射问题。介绍了低频散射截面的计算方法；对计算结果进行了分析；并就雷达目标低频散射特性提出了作者的观点。     

基于化学反应器网络模型法的预混气组分对NOx反应路径影响研究

摘 要：为探究预混气组分对不同反应路径下NOx生成影响,针对高压射流反应器,基于CFD流场特征等,构建优化了单PSR、2PSR、3PSR以及PSR+PFR四种化学反应器网络模型。在贫预混燃烧条件下,研究了纯CH4及其混合气燃烧时不同反应路径下NOx的生成情况,得出了燃烧室内不同反应区域每条反应路径NOx的生成量。结果表明,纯CH4燃烧产生的NOx主要来自于热力型、快速型和N2O-中间体型三条反应路径。绝热火焰温度的提高主要促进了热力型和N2O-中间体型NOx的生成。随着CH4或CO中加入H2摩尔分数的增加,NOx排放总量降低,快速型NOx生成速率降低,特别是火焰刷区域的。另外,混合气中CO摩尔分数的增加会导致NOx生成量增多。