多进制直接序列扩频系统性能分析及仿真

扩频技术能有效提高通信系统抗干扰能力,因此在军事通信及民用通信领域得到了广泛应用。多进制直接序列扩频相对于直接序列扩频具有其特有的优势和较强的实际应用背景。本文对多进制正交扩频系统进行研究,介绍了多进制直接序列扩频的原理、分析了多进制直接扩频系统的误码性能,并研究了适合多进制直接扩频系统的信道编解码。仿真结果表明,多进制扩频具有良好的性能,适合带宽受限系统。     

混合小推力航天器日心悬浮轨道保持控制

针对太阳帆、太阳电混合推进航天器日心悬浮轨道保持控制问题进行了研究。为解决基于局部线性化模型设计轨道保持控制器时存在的控制精度不高、模型精确性过度依赖等问题,应用自抗扰控制(ADRC)技术设计了轨道保持控制器。首先,采用圆形限制性三体问题(CRTBP)模型推导了混合小推力航天器日心悬浮轨道动力学方程;然后,考虑系统模型不确定性和外部扰动,提出了一种基于扰动估计和补偿的轨道保持控制方法;最后,数值仿真表明存在系统模型不确定性、初始入轨误差及地球轨道偏心率扰动等因素的情况下,所设计的控制器仅需很小的速度增量即可实现高精度的日心悬浮轨道保持控制。     

旋转扰动波对轴流压气机气动稳定性影响

利用旋转扰动波发生器在一台低速二级轴流压气机上开展实验,研究其旋转频率、扰动扇区角度以及产生的低压区个数对压气机气动稳定性的影响,发现不同的扰动扇区角度和低压区个数下对压气机稳定裕度影响最大的“危险频率”不变.基于M-G模型发展出考虑旋转扰动波影响的二维不可压缩模型,该模型可计算不同扰动扇区角度及低压区个数的旋转扰动波对压缩系统稳定性及动态失速特性的影响,对实验压气机进行建模分析,发现旋转扰动波会诱发模态波的产生,且频率越接近旋转失速团的传播频率对压缩系统稳定裕度的影响越大.      

基于干扰估计的航天器大角度姿态机动鲁棒次优控制

针对存在系统参数不确定与外界干扰的航天器大角度姿态机动问题,提出一种基于干扰估计的鲁棒次优控制方法。该方法通过引入总干扰的概念,将不确定参数与外界干扰对系统的影响统一为各控制通道总干扰,而后采用非线性干扰观测器实现对系统总干扰的估计;借鉴状态相关的黎卡提方程（SDRE）方法,将系统模型改写为状态相关的线性形式,并采用近似方法实现基于干扰估计的次优控制参数的在线求解。通过对航天器大角度姿态机动问题的仿真分析,校验所提方法不仅较传统SDRE方法计算效率更高,而且较大程度上提高系统对参数偏差与外界干扰的鲁棒性能。     

Prescribed fast tracking control for flexible air-breathing hypersonic vehicles: An event-triggered case

In this paper, a prescribed fast tracking control scheme is proposed for Flexible Air-breathing Hypersonic Vehicles (FAHV) subject to lumped disturbances and limited resources. To maintain tracking errors of velocity and altitude converge to a predefined region with a prescribed time and release the transient intense fluctuations encountered in classical Prescribed Performance Control (PPC) using a fast decaying rate, a tracking differentiator-based PPC is presented, where the reaching time and the maximum time differentiation of preselected envelopes can be regulated as a prior via fixing an acceleration factor, so that a guaranteed fast convergence speed can be realized with reduced oscillations. Besides, to avoid the excessive occupation of limited resources (energy and communication) and guarantee a remarkable tracking accuracy, switching event-triggered mechanisms are constructed for FAHV control realization, which provide a promising way to pursue a desired level of tracking performance with a low energy consumption. Subsequently, Uncertainty and Disturbance Estimators (UDE) and Sigmoid function-based Tracking Differentiators (STD) are employed to provide disturbance estimation and reference derivation with a low computational complexity. Finally, robust control laws are designed to compensate for the sampling error induced by event-triggered conditions, meanwhile Zeno phenomena can be effectively eliminated. The simulation results and comparisons validate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.     

基于预设性能的四旋翼无人机编队安全控制

针对四旋翼无人机编队系统存在模型不确定性、未知外部干扰与内部碰撞等问题,提出一种基于预设性能的安全控制方法。首先使用预设性能函数结合误差转换方法,将防止内部碰撞的不等式约束问题转换为无约束问题。同时针对模型中的不确定项,使用神经网络进行逼近;针对神经网络逼近误差与未知外部干扰组成的复合干扰,使用非线性干扰观测器进行估计,并分别设计位置与姿态子系统控制器,避免了编队内四旋翼无人机的碰撞。然后借助Lyapunov方法证明了闭环系统所有信号的收敛性。最后通过数值仿真验证了所提控制方法的有效性。     

An analysis and enhanced proposal of atmospheric boundary layer wind modelling techniques for automation of air traffic management

The air traffic management automation imposes stringent requirements on the weather models, in such a way that they should be able to provide reliable short-time forecasts in digital formats in almost real time. The atmospheric boundary layer is one of the regions where aircraft operation and coordination are critical and therefore atmospheric model performance is also vital. This paper presents conventional and innovative techniques to improve the accuracy in the forecasting of winds in the lower atmospheric layer, proposing mechanisms to develop better models including deterministic and stochastic simulations. Accuracy is improved by optimizing the grid, assimilating observations in cycling simulations and managing a number of ensemble members. An operation-driven post-processing stage helps to incorporate detailed terrain definitions and real-time observations without re-running the model. The improvements are checked against mesoscale weather simulations at different scales and a dedicated flight campaign. The results show good performance of the model without sensitively increasing the required throughput.     

姿控式直接侧向力与气动力复合控制策略设计

针对自旋导弹直接侧向力与气动力复合控制问题,提出一种分阶段复合控制策略,该策略充分考虑了直接侧向力离散控制和空气舵连续控制的特点,将弹体迎角和侧滑角响应过程分为上升段和保持段以实现快速精确跟踪。上升段考虑固体脉冲发动机的快响应特性,利用整数线性规划(ILP)得到了需要开启的脉冲发动机数量,产生直接侧向力控制导弹快速建立迎角和侧滑角。保持段则基于动态逆控制和自抗扰控制技术,通过空气舵控制迎角和侧滑角稳定在期望值,以克服侧向喷流干扰效应和大迎角飞行带来的非线性耦合的影响。仿真结果表明,依靠直接侧向力与气动力的分时串联作用,可以有效地抑制复合系统的外扰和模型不确定性的影响,显著加快拦截导弹的过载响应速度。     

Breakdown过程长度及其前后边界层名义厚度的变化

采用数值模拟的方法,模拟了平板边界层的转捩过程及发展的湍流,在此基础上,研究了不同初始扰动对转捩持续时间和湍流边界层厚度影响的共性和差异.研究结果表明:在不同的波数情况下,计算得到不同的初始扰动引起的转捩的持续时间不同.在给定基本波数情况下,如果初始扰动在展向不是对称的,那么,它们引起的转捩后平均边界层厚度与转捩起始点处边界层厚度的比值δ_e/δ_b在相当长的时间内表现出相同的增长规律,这一增长规律与所加的初始扰动无关.然而,展向是非对称的表现出不同增长规律.