Evaluation of SARAL/AltiKa performance using GNSS/IMU equipped buoy in Sajafi,Imam Hassan and Kangan Ports

Performance of SARAL/AltiKa mission has been evaluated within 2016 altimeter calibration/validation framework in Persian Gulf through three campaigns conducted in the offshore waters of Sajafi, Imam Hassan and Kangan Ports, while the altimeter overflew the passes 470, 111 and 25 on 13 Feb, 7 March and 17 June 2016, respectively. As the preparation, a lightweight buoy was equipped with a GNSS receiver/choke-ring antenna and a MEMS-based IMU to measure independent datasets in the field operations. To obtain accurate sea surface height (SSH) time series, the offset of the onboard antenna from the equilibrium sea level was predetermined through surveying operations as the buoy was deploying in the onshore waters of Kangan Port. Accordingly, the double-difference carrier phase observations have been processed via the Bernese GPS Software v. 5.0 so as to provide the GNSS-derived time series at the comparison points of the calibration campaigns, once the disturbing effects due to the platform tilt and heave have been eliminated. Owing to comparing of the SSH time series and the associating altimetry 1?Hz GDR-T datasets, the calibration/validation of the SARAL/AltiKa has been performed in the both cases of radiometer and ECMWF wet troposphere corrections so as to identify potential land contamination. An agreement of the present findings in comparison with those attained in other international calibrations sites confirms the promising feasibility of Persian Gulf as a new dedicated site for calibration/validation of ongoing and future altimetry missions.     

Plasma transport process in the equatorial/low-latitude ionosphere

The behaviour of the equatorial/low-latitude ionosphere and the transport processes during magnetic disturbed and quiet periods of a high solar activity year, 2014, in the American sector are investigated. Parameters used include vertical drift (Vz), transport term (W), NmF2, hmF2 and scale-height (H). The F2 plasma variations followed the diurnal local solar pattern, being higher at daytime. The sunset maximum and sunrise minimum peaks of hmF2 were directly opposite to the scale height (H) pattern. The plasma distribution was basically controlled by combined actions of the electrodynamic convection/thermospheric composition, which is geomagnetic activity dependent. The annual, semi-annual and winter-anomalies of the F2 parameters were higher at the dip equator in comparison with the low-latitude. The Vz pre-reversal peak magnitude coincided with hmF2 peak and the effects are more pronounced during geomagnetic disturbed conditions. The transport term pattern was similar to that of the scale height and it is suggested as a proxy parameter for quantifying low-latitude plasma irregularities and distribution of thermospheric composition.     

Assessment study of ionosphere correction model using single- and multi-shell algorithms approach over sub-Saharan African region

It is a known fact that ionosphere is the largest and the least predictable among the sources of error limiting the reliability and accuracy of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and its regional augmentation systems like Satellite Based Augmentation System (SBAS) in a safety-of-life application. The situation becomes worse in the Equatorial Ionization Anomaly (EIA) region, where the daytime ionization distribution is modified by the fountain effect that develops a crest of electron density at around ±15° to ±20° of the magnetic equator and a trough at the magnetic equator during the local noon hours. Related to this phenomenon is the appearance of ionosphere irregularities and plasma bubbles after local sunset. These may degrade further the quality of service obtained from the GNSS/SBAS system of the said periods. Considering the present operational augmentation systems, the accuracy and integrity of the ionosphere corrections estimate decreases as the level of disturbances increases. In order to provide a correct ionosphere correction to the user of GNSS operating in African EIA region and meet the integrity requirements, a certified ionosphere correction model that accurately characterizes EIA gradient with the full capacity to over-bound the residual error will be needed. An irregularities detector and a decorrelation adaptor are essential in an algorithm usable for African sub-Saharan SBAS operation. The algorithm should be able to cater to the equatorial plasma vertical drifts, diurnal and seasonal variability of the ionosphere electron density and also should take into account the large spatial and temporal gradients in the region. This study presents the assessment of the ionosphere threat model with single and multi-layer algorithm, using modified planar fit and Kriging approaches.     

日食对低纬地区f0F2和ICF的影响

研究了１９９５年１０月２４日日食过程中,我国低纬地区广州和海口的Ｆ２层临界频率ｆ０Ｆ２的高干扰重心频率ＩＣＦ变化过程,鉴于多次日 处低纬的两地ｆ０Ｆ２的日食变化形态不完全一样,以及多次日食期间同一地方ｆ０Ｆ２变化形态不完全一样,ＩＣＦ也并不像预想的那样降低,因而对于低纬电离层,动力学过程可能要比直接与太阳辐射有关的光化学过程起更为重要的作用。     

低空风切变危险尺度研究

飞机在低空风切变中飞行的危险性评估尺度是机载低空风切变探测、告警、回避系统设计中的关键之一。本文从飞行动力学的基本方程组出发,根据能量高度的概念,从理论上导出了低空风切变对飞行安全的危险尺度,经研究,风切变的危险主要表现在水平风的加速度U_wg和垂直风速度W_wg上。文中研究了U_wg和w_wg对危险尺度的定性、定量关系,提出了用水平风加速度这个目前机载设备能探测的参数来评估风切变的危险程度,为前视式机载低空风变探测传感器的设计提供了基础。     

基于LADRC的无人机高精度定高控制

针对复杂气流扰动对无人机（UAV）航迹高度控制的影响,对存在复杂气流扰动下的定高控制策略、控制结构和控制器参数优化展开研究,实现高精度高度控制。基于线性自抗扰控制（LADRC）确定总体控制架构,设计扩张状态观测器（ESO）观测估计纵向高度通道和速度通道中存在的总扰动,在控制中引入扰动补偿,减小扰动对系统输出造成的影响。对UAV在飞行过程中存在的大气紊流扰动或离散突风等风干扰分析其功率谱密度,构造考虑风扰动对高度影响、时域响应特性和稳定裕度的综合目标函数,通过粒子群优化算法得到具有高精度、高抗干扰性能的控制器参数,优化中考虑风干扰的功率谱密度分布,减小了控制器参数设计的保守性。通过与常规比例-积分-微分（PID）控制器控制效果进行对比,说明基于线性自抗扰控制器的纵向高度控制的优异性能。      

基于深度学习的日间逐小时地表PM2.5浓度反演

以长三角地区作为研究区域,提出了使用深度学习算法来实现主被动遥感数据结合反演地表PM2.5浓度的方法。基于MPL观测数据,使用雾霾层高度(HLH)替换了边界层高度(BLH)特征,对已有的基于气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)结合大气BLH来反演PM2.5浓度的算法进行了改进。为提高数据覆盖率,对研究区域内的MAIAC AOD进行了填补与评估。利用多种机器学习算法实现了日间逐小时的PM2.5浓度估算,模型验证相关性最高可达0.87。该方法能够为观测气候变化、应对大气污染提供有效帮助。     

基于AMESim的隔舱式贮箱推进剂管理仿真研究

通过多学科动力学建模方法研究,利用AMESim建立了隔舱式贮箱推进剂输送系统机械、液流与控制动力学模型,并对不同工况下推进剂输送系统动态特性进行数值仿真,获得了隔舱式贮箱推进剂动态变化、各个隔舱 的推进剂消耗率及质心位移等结果.仿真结果显示隔舱总体布局与初始容积分配、隔舱连通结构、飞行轨迹等均对隔舱式贮箱推进剂动态变化产生影响,所建立的模型可应用于隔舱式贮箱总体及结构设计.      

武汉上空钠层与钾层的同时激光雷达观测

简要介绍了(WIPM)双波长共振荧光激光雷达系统和数据处理方法, 并利用其对武汉上空钠层和钾层进行了多天的同时观测, 通过对钠层和钾层的绝对数密度、柱密度以及质心高度的计算, 同时与中纬度其他地区的相关参数进行比较,得出武汉上空钠层的绝对数密度、柱密度以及质心高度与其他中纬度地区十分相近的结论, 并且发现了一个钠层突发和钾层突发不同时出现的现象.      

航天器装配定位机构的设计与实现

航天器装配定位机构是重要的技术改造项目之一,用于舱段精密对接与分解,其通过与空间定位系统、自动起吊装置的配合,实现舱段对接与分解过程的量化识别与自动控制。该机构主要设计有质心捕获、自动调平和旋转等功能,为舱段对接与分解提供基础支撑平台、航天器空间姿态调整和相关数据支持。文章阐述了航天器装配定位机构原理,并对其主要功能的实现方法进行了设计。