战术导弹大扇面机动发射研究

传统自动驾驶仪或简易平台式惯导系统采用装定扇面角的方法控制导弹机动转弯 ,受框架式陀螺仪测量范围的限制 ,发射扇面角不能过大 ,否则会引起框架系统的锁定 ,导致导弹失稳 ;另外该方法还不能控制导弹的法向过载 ,转弯太急将导致法向过载超过设计指标要求。为此本文提出了一种可直接对导弹法向过载和过载速率进行控制的方案 ,利用能量最优控制方法设计了过载控制指令 ,并采用由角加速度计和线加速度计构成的新型捷联惯导系统对导弹进行稳定和控制。应用该方案对某型超音速导弹进行弹道仿真时 ,较好地控制导弹实现了从± 90°直至± 180°的几种大扇面角发射 ,表明该方案具有较高应用价值     

过冷大水滴规章对结冰探测系统设计的影响分析

过冷大水滴规章提高了飞机在结冰条件下飞行的安全等级,将会对结冰探测系统的设计产生一定影响。本文概述了附录0过冷大水滴结冰条件,并对附录O第1部分大气结冰条件进行了浅析;分析了FAR25．1420过冷大水滴结冰条件对结冰探测系统设计的影响,并提出符合相关要求的结冰探测方式;指出了对于目前申请在结冰条件下飞行的合格审定的最大起飞重量小于60000磅或具有可逆飞行控制系统的飞机,按照FAR25．1420（a）（1）的要求进行审定是一个较为合适的选择。此外,还给出了一种符合FAR25．1420要求的结冰探测系统方案。     

TiAl合金粉末射频等离子体球化过程数值模拟

采用数值模拟的方法对TiAl合金粉末的射频(radio frequency)等离子体球化过程进行研究,分析速度场和温度场对不同粒径TiAl合金粉末的运动轨迹及质量变化的影响。结果表明:粉体颗粒在等离子体的高温作用下温度急剧升高,表面蒸发导致粒径降低,太小的颗粒很快蒸发消失掉;在冷却塔下端,不同粒径颗粒的运动轨迹存在较大差异,小颗粒倾向于随气流进入气流出口,大颗粒落到冷却塔底部被收集;增大气流量会提高球化系统中的气流速度,导致在气流出口能被气流带走的颗粒粒径变大,收粉率降低;模拟得到TiAl合金粉末球化后的粉末粒径分布、平均粒径及收粉率等参数与实验结果比较接近,模型能够较好地符合实际球化过程。     

导航辅助下基于LAS码的天基多目标测控

中继卫星的天基测控是解决中低轨道航天器大范围、长时间、多目标测控的有效途径,但用户星到中继卫星的时延误差、多普勒频移校正误差等参数会对多目标测控带来干扰。针对该问题,首先分析了定位误差引起的时延误差、多普勒频移校正误差等因素,设计了天基多目标前向链路遥控SMA(S-band Multiple Access,S频段多址)信号形式和反向遥测链路SMA信号形式,选择与时延校正误差相匹配的LAS(Large Area Synchronous,大区域同步)码作为反向遥测信息的扩频码,建立了导航辅助的终端时延和频率预校正方案模型,可以有效消除多用户干扰。仿真表明,当Eb/N0≥10.5dB时,前向遥控信息误码率pe≤1×10~(-6),反向遥测信息误码率pe≤1×10~(-6),使用LAS码比Gold序列约有2dB性能改善,为基于我国天链卫星的中低轨道卫星稳定运行、载人航天交会对接以及后续空间站建设等任务的测控提供重要参考。     

深空探测中的自主无线电关键技术

深空探测中的自主无线电主要作用是实现多个深空探测器间的通信,优点是能在未知无线电环境下不需要地面干预,自动实现无线电参数的识别和配置.阐述了自主无线电技术对深空探测的必要性.在与常规无线电技术、软件无线电技术比较的基础上,论述了深空探测中的自主无线电技术,分析了其必须解决未知无线电环境下参数估计这一关键问题.针对无线电参数估计目前存在的因果循环问题,提出了一种自主无线电技术参数估计迭代层次结构模型,分析了各层间的消息类型和迭代过程.     

A real-time GNSS-R system based on software-defined radio and graphics processing units

Reflected signals of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) from the sea or land surface can be utilized to deduce and monitor physical and geophysical parameters of the reflecting area. Unlike most other remote sensing techniques, GNSS-Reflectometry (GNSS-R) operates as a passive radar that takes advantage from the increasing number of navigation satellites that broadcast their L-band signals. Thereby, most of the GNSS-R receiver architectures are based on dedicated hardware solutions. Software-defined radio (SDR) technology has advanced in the recent years and enabled signal processing in real-time, which makes it an ideal candidate for the realization of a flexible GNSS-R system. Additionally, modern commodity graphic cards, which offer massive parallel computing performances, allow to handle the whole signal processing chain without interfering with the PC’s CPU. Thus, this paper describes a GNSS-R system which has been developed on the principles of software-defined radio supported by General Purpose Graphics Processing Units (GPGPUs), and presents results from initial field tests which confirm the anticipated capability of the system.     

GNSS radio tomography of the ionosphere: The problem with essentially incomplete data

We discuss the specific features of the spatiotemporal radio tomography of ionospheric electron density based on the data from high orbiting global navigational satellite system (GNSS). The main peculiarities are four-dimensionality of the problem and essential incompleteness of input data. The approach suggested for the solution of this problem is based on the search for the solution with minimal Sobolev’s norm (the most smooth solution), which provides, in particular, smooth extension of the solution to the area where no input data is available. Methods and algorithms for the solution of the problem are developed, and the resolution of the proposed technique is estimated. Examples of global and regional radio tomographic imaging based on GNSS data are presented. The obtained results are compared with the data of ionosondes and with the results of radio tomography based on the radio transmissions from low-orbiting satellites.     

Imaging interplanetary CMEs at radio frequency from solar polar orbit

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) represent a great concentration of mass and energy input into the lower corona. They have come to be recognized as the major driver of physical conditions change in the Sun–Earth system. Consequently, observations of CMEs are important for understanding and ultimately predicting space weather conditions. This paper discusses a proposed mission, the Solar Polar Orbit Radio Telescope (SPORT) mission, which will observe the propagation of interplanetary CMEs to distances of near 0.35 AU from the Sun. The orbit of SPORT is an elliptical solar polar orbit. The inclination angle between the orbit and ecliptic plane should be about 90°. The main payload on board SPORT will be an imaging radiometer working at the meter wavelength band (radio telescope), which can follow the propagation of interplanetary CMEs. The images that are obtained by the radio telescope embody the brightness temperature of the objectives. Due to the very large size required for the antenna aperture of the radio telescope, we adopt interferometric imaging technology to reduce it. Interferometric imaging technology is based on indirect spatial frequency domain measurements plus Fourier transformation. The SPORT spacecraft will also be equipped with a set of optical and in situ measurement instruments such as a EUV solar telescope, a solar wind ion instrument, an energetic particle detector, a magnetometer, a wave detector and a solar radio burst spectrometer.     

成像光谱仪宽视场离轴三反望远系统的光学设计

视场宽、结构紧凑、质量轻是空间光学系统设计研究的热点。文章从离轴三反望远系统的应用技术指标分析、设计思想、设计流程及光学系统优化4个方面,研究了成像光谱仪用宽视场、大相对孔径离轴三反消像散望远系统的设计问题,设计出一个光谱范围0.4～2.5μm、焦距f′=700mm、相对孔径f′/4、线视场角20°的离轴三反望远系统,次镜为球面,主镜和三镜非球面最高次数为4次,在Nyquist频率27.8对线/mm处,调制传递函数值均大于0.87。     

基于无线通信的城市路灯监控系统

通过多种通信技术和计算机对城市路灯实现集中监控,监督级、监控级与现场控制级形成三级分布式计算机控制系统。监督级与监控级之间通过Intranet／Internet交互;监控级与现场控制级之间采用无线电台、GPRS及SMS等多种通信技术。