NASA历表在深空导航中的发展和比较

利用不同版本的数值历表,对我国正在进行的探月工程以及后续的金星、火星和木星等深空探测中的导航问题进行分析和讨论。对DE405、DE421和DE430的动力学模型及其使用的观测数据进行了分析比较,考察了历表的精度和稳定性。并根据DE430历表简单讨论了木星在我国深空探测站的可视问题,为以后深空导航提供参考。简单讨论了中科院国家天文台行星无线电研究团组基于月球无线电测距(LRR)发展我国自己的历表以及开展基于月球深空导航计划的可行性。     

Deployment dynamics for flexible deployable primary mirror of space telescope with paraboloidal and laminated structure by using absolute node coordinate method

A nonlinear dynamic modeling method for primary mirror of Flower-like Deployable Space Telescope (F-DST) undergoing large deployment motion is proposed in this paper. To ensure pointing accuracy and attitude stability of the paraboloidal primary mirror, the mirror is discretized into equal thickness shell elements by considering shell curvature. And the material nonlinear constitutive relation of flexible mirror is acquired using Absolute Nodal Coordinate Formulation (ANCF). Furthermore, the primary mirror of F-DST can be regarded as a clustered multi-body system, and its dynamic equations of elastic deformation and deployment motion are established by virtual work principle. Finally, the deployment motion of primary mirror by different driving conditions are simulated, the results show that the vibrations of mirrors that driven by elastic hinge device are more than that driven by servo motor. In addition, single sub-mirror deployment process will perturb the pointing accuracy of primary mirror, and the multiple sub-mirrors simultaneously deploying will seriously affect all the sub-mirrors surface accuracy because of the coupling effect. Thus, there are theoretical value and practical significance for the controlling surface accuracy and attitude accuracy of space telescope.     

超声速非平衡电离磁流体动力技术实验系统

介绍了超声速非平衡电离磁流体动力技术实验系统的设计思想和组成,设计、制作了马赫数为3.5的吸气式双喉道风洞,采用以陶瓷板为阻挡介质的电容耦合射频阻挡放电,实现了超声速流场中大体积、连续、稳定、均匀等离子体的产生.主要结论有:实验测试风洞稳定工作时间为18s,稳定运行时实验段静压为650Pa;电容耦合射频放电典型工作状态下,通过伏安诊断法测出超声速条件下等离子体的电导率为1.27×10-3S/m.      

A Carrier Synchronization Algorithm for Autonomous Radio Receiver in Deep Space

The carrier synchronization algorithm of the autonomous radio for deep space is studied. When the signal modulation is unknown, this paper improves the existing universal carrier synchronization loop for multiple modulations, expands the frequency tracking range of the loop, proposes a Tong detection-based M-ary Phase Shift Keying (M-PSK) signal locking detection algorithm to rapidly and effectively determine whether the current phase discrimination mode matches the modulation mode, so as to independently choose whether to switch the phase discrimination mode. Through theoretical analysis and comparison, it is described that the total detection probability of the algorithm proposed in this paper is significantly higher than the probability of single lock detection. Simulation results show that the algorithm has high detection probability and low computational complexity at a low signal to noise ratio.      

Microwave Type U and RS Bursts in the X2.2 Solar Flare on 15 February 2011

Two groups of microwave type U and Reverse-Slope (RS) bursts after the Soft X-Ray (SXR) maximum were observed with the 2.6～3.8GHz spectrometer of Chinese Solar Broadband Radio Spectrometers (SBRS/Huairou) on 15 February 2011, when an X2.2 solar flare occurred in the Active Region (AR) NOAA11158. A Shear-driven Quadrupolar Reconnection (SQR) model was utilized to analyze these bursts and the two loops involved were found to be basically in the same spatial scale and have a height difference of about 1300km. These bursts were interpreted to be a result of a new reconnection process between the two similar-scaled loops.      

大型索网式可展开天线在轨高精度指向控制

以星载大型索网式可展开天线为对象,研究在轨工作过程中天线视轴高精度高稳定度指向控制方法。首先,基于Craig-Bampton法建立表征天线指向的动力学模型;然后针对天线振动对视轴指向的影响,设计PD反馈+陷波滤波器的控制算法;进一步分析影响指向精度的因素,设计带有调节滤波器的改进控制器以减小天线视轴指向的周期性误差,提高指向精度与稳定度。最后,给出数值仿真校验的结果并与现有的方法进行比较。结果表明,所提出的控制算法在保证天线指向稳定的同时,可以有效减小天线视轴的指向偏差,并对干扰与振动具有良好的鲁棒性。     

基于干扰估计的航天器大角度姿态机动鲁棒次优控制

针对存在系统参数不确定与外界干扰的航天器大角度姿态机动问题,提出一种基于干扰估计的鲁棒次优控制方法。该方法通过引入总干扰的概念,将不确定参数与外界干扰对系统的影响统一为各控制通道总干扰,而后采用非线性干扰观测器实现对系统总干扰的估计;借鉴状态相关的黎卡提方程（SDRE）方法,将系统模型改写为状态相关的线性形式,并采用近似方法实现基于干扰估计的次优控制参数的在线求解。通过对航天器大角度姿态机动问题的仿真分析,校验所提方法不仅较传统SDRE方法计算效率更高,而且较大程度上提高系统对参数偏差与外界干扰的鲁棒性能。     

基于无线通讯的低功耗温度巡检仪设计

根据某些特殊工作条件的要求,设计出一种基于无线通讯的低功耗、高精度温度巡检仪,并从硬、软件设计方面给予了详细的介绍。     

基于PWM的挠性航天器分力合成主动振动抑制方法

分力合成主动振动抑制方法可以有效抑制挠性振动. 其利用几个相同或相似的随时间变化的分力, 按一定的规律沿时间轴排列合成为合力作为系统输入, 此合力可以在保证完成规定刚体运动的同时抑制掉指定的任意阶振动谐波. 对于使用常幅值力矩喷气执行机构的航天器, 应用脉宽调制(PWM)技术将符合分力合成方法的时间最优机动控制指令变化为常幅值力矩形式, 设计出常幅值的时间最优大角度机动策略. 数值仿真结果证实了方法的有效性.      

刚体飞行器大角度机动的反馈非线性化控制

研究了刚体飞行器大角度的姿态控制问题,采用四元数描述刚体姿态,建立了刚体姿态运动的数学模型。基于反馈非线性化技术,通过构造李雅普诺夫函数推导出标量增益的线性控制律和矩阵增益的非线性控制律。两种控制律不需要知道系统参数,对模型误差具有鲁棒性。理论分析和仿真结果表明,所求控制律对闭环系统具有全局渐近稳定性。