表面粗糙度对高辐射涂层发射率的影响

以氧化铁、碳化硅和氧化钴为高辐射填料,通过控制涂层浆料固含量和喷涂次数制备出了不同表
面粗糙度的高辐射涂层。用AE 辐射计测试了不同表面粗糙度高辐射涂层的室温发射率,根据GB/ T 7287—
2008 测试了涂层的800℃高温发射率,用扫描电子显微镜和光学显微镜观察了涂层表面形貌,用扫描探针显微
镜测试了涂层的表面粗糙度。结果表明,在辐射换热条件下高辐射涂层表面粗糙度在2. 75 ~225. 70 μm 变化
时,其室温发射率发生了0. 02 ~ 0. 05 的变化。而在导热换热条件下高辐射涂层表面粗糙度在2. 75 ~ 36. 99
μm 变化时,其高温发射率没有变化。     

碳纤维表面状态对C/C复合材料性能影响的研究

用两种经高温处理的碳纤维织物,以酚醛树脂作为基体先驱体,制备了二维C／C复合材料。通过扫描电镜（SEM）,X－射线光电子能谱（XPS）研究了两种碳纤维（TCF和JCF）的表面状态,测试了C／C复合材料（TCC和JCC）的层间剪切强度,拉伸性能,SEM观察表明,TCF及JCF表面都有沟槽,但TCF横断面呈腰子形非圆形,XPS分析表明TCF表面含氧官能团数量多,力学测试结果为：TCC层间剪切强度（ILSS）高于JCC,达到16．1MPa;TCC拉伸强度,模量均高于JCC,而JCC断裂延伸率达1．1％,是TCC的3倍,拉伸断口SEM分析表明,TCC断口平整,无纤维拔出,呈脆断,JCC断口有纤维拨出,是纤维控制的多层基体断裂。     

碳纤维复合材料钻削温度测试与分析

利用热像仪对碳／环氧复合材料高速钻孔时的钻削温度及温度场分布进行了系统的试验研究。实验结果显示,钻削热主要是由刀具后刀面与已加工表面之间的摩擦产生的。转速越高,钻削温度赵高;进给量越大,钻削温度越低,但钻削温度一般不超过环氧树脂的玻璃化转变温度。     

干式铣削Al-50wt%Si高硅铝合金刀具磨损与表面粗糙度评价

本文以Al-50wt%Si高硅铝合金为研究对象，采用单因素试验方法进行无涂层硬质合金刀具干式铣削试验，分析切削参数对刀具磨损和表面粗糙度的影响。结果表明：表面粗糙度受每齿进给量的影响最显著，随每齿进给量的增加而增加，当每齿进给量从0.07 mm/z增加到0.16 mm/z时，表面粗糙度增加2倍；刀具磨损受切削速度的影响最显著，随切削速度的增加而增加，当切削速度从140 m/min增加到260 m/min时，切削总长度降低3倍，而刀具后刀面磨损量仅是260 m/min速度下的0.8倍；表面粗糙度随刀具磨损的增加呈现先增加后降低的变化趋势，切削长度从350 mm增加到1 750 mm，刀具磨损量平均增加4.5倍，而表面粗糙度却下降2倍；硬质合金刀具主要的磨损形式为磨粒磨损、崩刃。     

Collaborative manufacturing technologies of structure shape and surface integrity for complex thin-walled components of aero-engine: Status,challenge and tendency

Presently, the service performance of new-generation high-tech equipment is directly affected by the manufacturing quality of complex thin-walled components. A high-efficiency and quality manufacturing of these complex thin-walled components creates a bottleneck that needs to be solved urgently in machinery manufacturing. To address this problem, the collaborative manufacturing of structure shape and surface integrity has emerged as a new process that can shorten processing cycles, improve machining qualities, and reduce costs. This paper summarises the research status on the material removal mechanism, precision control of structure shape, machined surface integrity control and intelligent process control technology of complex thin-walled components. Numerous solutions and technical approaches are then put forward to solve the critical problems in the high-performance manufacturing of complex thin-wall components. The development status, challenge and tendency of collaborative manufacturing technologies in the high-efficiency and quality manufacturing of complex thin-wall components is also discussed.     

GGTm-Ts: A global grid model of weighted mean temperature (Tm) based on surface temperature (Ts) with two modes

With the development of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), the detection of precipitable water vapor (PWV) using the GNSS atmospheric sounding technique becomes a research interest in GNSS meteorology. In the conversion of zenith tropospheric delay (ZTD) to PWV, the weighted mean temperature (Tm) plays a crucial role. Generally, the Tm estimated by the linear regression models based on surface temperature (Ts) cannot meet the requirement for global use, and the accuracy of Tm derived from the empirical models is limited. In this study, a new Tm model, named GGTm-Ts model, was developed using the global geodetic observing system (GGOS) atmosphere Tm data and European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) data from 2011 to 2015. Resting upon a global 2.5°*2° grid of coefficients of Tm-Ts linear function, the new model can provide Tm at any site in two modes, one for the case with measured Ts provided, i.e., the accurate mode, the other for the case that Ts provided by a subroutine, i.e., the normal mode. The performance of GGTm-Ts model was assessed against the Bevis formula, GPT2w and GPT2wh model using different data sources in 2016-the GGOS atmosphere and radiosonde data. The results show that the GGTm-Ts model in accurate mode achieves best performance with an improvement of 46.9 %/15.3 %, 37.8 %/19.5 % and 34.4 %/14.2 % over other three models in the GGOS atmosphere/radiosonde comparison. For the normal mode, the GGTm-Ts model outperforms the GPT2w model and achieves equivalence results with the GPT2wh model. Moreover, the impact of Tm on GNSS-PWV was analyzed to validate the performance of the GGTm-Ts model.     

Land use and cover change (LUCC) impacts on Earth’s eco-environments: Research progress and prospects

Land use and cover change (LUCC) is one of the key variables dominating land–atmosphere interactions and strongly affects the Earth’s eco-environments by altering surface properties. Numerous studies have been carried out to assess the impact of LUCC. However, the Earth is a large, open and complex system characterized by complex interactions between its eco-environments and drivers. This study aimed to summarize previous studies of the impact of LUCC on the Earth’s eco-environments and discuss the progress and limitations in suggesting future directions. Previous studies have confirmed that LUCC has a wide range of impacts on the Earth’s eco-environments, which are represented by the alternation of climate (temperature, precipitation, wind, and humidity), hydrology (soil moisture, runoff, and evapotranspiration), ecology and environmental (air, water, and soil) pollution. Physically, the impacts were mainly attributed to the disturbance of the surface radiation budget and matter conservation caused by LUCC. Although great achievements have been made, several challenges remain because of the unavoidable uncertainties in data sources and methodologies and the complexity of eco-environmental evolution. Therefore, data assimilation, physical-based investigations, contribution isolation, and full-process analysis are required to overcome these challenges in future research. The results of this study helped to capture the impact of LUCC and its physical mechanisms, which provide useful clues for future research and support the relative land use management for sustainable development.     

空间级硅橡胶胶黏剂粘结界面改性分析

针对空间级硅橡胶与聚酰亚胺的粘结界面呈现低表面能、粘结可靠性差的现状，利用有机硅烷的润湿和键结作用对界面进行预处理，改善其粘结强度。通过FTIR、¹H-NMR和GC-MS分析，有机硅烷的主要成分中对粘结性能影响较大的是正硅酸丁酯和丙基三甲基硅氧烷，采用两种偶联剂对聚合物表面进行预处理，在聚合物间不同均相结构层通过硅烷相互扩散和互穿网络形成的分子桥可实现致密交联。力学试验表明，经有机硅烷对待粘结界面表面预处理，粘结构件的剪切强度值可达0.65 MPa；选择适当的有机硅烷作为附着力促进剂，利用其有机官能团、成膜性和交联性可提高粘结构件的可靠性。     

磁场作用下的TIG电弧行为分析

在磁流体动力学理论的基础上,针对外加纵向磁场作用下的钨极氩弧焊(TIG)电弧在旋转圆柱坐标系中建立了不同电流密度的数学模型.通过Fluent用户自定义函数进行编程开发,对其流场和电磁场进行耦合求解,得到了外加纵向磁场作用下的TIG电弧热场和流场的分布规律.结果 表明,纵向磁场作用下的TIG电孤温度场呈现空心钟罩形态,并...     

Effects of surface topography and specimen thickness on high-speed raindrop impact damage of CFRP laminates

Raindrop impact erosion has been observed since early days of aviation, and can be catastrophic for exposed materials during supersonic flight. A single impact waterjet apparatus is established for mimicking drop impacts at the velocities between 350 m/s and 620 m/s. Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer(CFRP) laminates with three different surface morphologies and specimen thicknesses are tested here. A central region with no visible damage has been noticed, surrounded by a “failure ring” with common...