空间材料实验炉的模拟热分析与地面试验分析

空间材料实验炉的温度分布对空间材料制备至关重要.通过对用于天宫二号空间实验室材料实验炉的物理模型进行合理简化,建立了三维传热数值计算模型,测量了实验炉材料的热物性参数,并根据地面试验工况进行模拟热分析计算,其结果能够很好地与地面试验结果吻合.采用模拟计算的方法分析样品物性参数对炉膛和样品中温度分布的影响,对实验炉的隔热部件进行优化设计,进而对炉体外表面温度进行了预测.数值仿真计算弥补了实验中测温点不足的问题,有助于进一步了解样品的温度分布,同时为实验炉隔热优化设计和安全运行提供了依据.     

一种测量航空发动机T_4温度的新方法

采用热电偶信号放大集成电路AD595结合镍铬─镍铝热电偶温度传感器 ,设计了航空发动机T 4 温度热电偶测温电路 ,实现了冷端自动补偿、热电偶断线报警信号输出功能。实测数据分析表明 :输出幅值大 ,误差小 ,重复性好。测量电路简单 ,具有较强的实用性。     

TIMED/SABER与AURA/MLS临近空间探测温度数据比较

利用AURA/MLS数据（V4.2）和TIMED/SABER数据（V2.0）对20~92km高度的大气温度进行比较分析,计算AURA/MLS数据与TIMED/SABER数据的温度绝对偏差,并分析平均温度偏差在不同季节中随经度、纬度和高度的变化特征.结果表明：20~80km高度的平均温度偏差在±6K以内,相对偏差在3%以内;80~90km高度平均温度偏差减小至-10K以下,相对偏差在9%以内.中低纬度地区平均温度偏差廓线的变化趋势一致,从20km高度的-3K左右的负偏差逐渐增加,在45~50km高度的平流层顶处有较明显的3K左右的正偏差峰值.平均温度偏差随纬度变化明显,随经度变化很小.研究结果可为卫星数据的应用提供参考依据.     

基于直线光路布局的纹影法测量火焰温度

测量火焰不同位置的温度对研究火焰结构具有重要意义.目前纹影法测量火焰温度多采用Z型布局的光路.为了在未来空间实验中将纹影法与其他光学方法集成开展多类型实验观测,摒弃了纹影法传统的Z型光路,采用直线型光路布局,针对光源、透镜、刀口切割量等因素对纹影系统灵敏度的影响开展研究,优化了直线型纹影系统.以蜡烛火焰为研究对象,对优化后的纹影系统进行标定,观测了其纹影图像,计算了蜡烛火焰中多处位置的火焰温度,并将计算结果与实测结果进行比较.结果表明,采用本研究设计的直线型纹影系统可以实现对火焰温度的精确测量.     

低轨道航天器的表面充电模拟

为研究航天器表面材料在空间环境中的充电现象, 利用SPIS (Spacecraft Plasma Interaction System)模拟了航天器在低轨道等离子体环境中的表面充电情况, 通过对模拟结果进行分析并与实际观测进行比较, 可以看出模拟结果基本能够反映出不同性质材料之间的充电差别, 特别是导电材料与非导电材料之间的充电差别. 模拟得到的充电电位及充电时间与充电的一般理论计算结果符合较好, 且能够清晰反映出航天器运动中产生的冲击流及尾流的结构特征. 根据SPIS低轨道航天器表面充电模拟的特点, 认为SPIS的模拟结果是合理的.     

Effects of Mach numbers on Magnus induced surface pressure

Experimental and numerical methods were used to investigate the Magnus phenomena over a spinning projectile. The pressure force acting on the surface of a spinning projectile was measured for various cases by employing a relatively novel experimental technique. A set of miniature pressure sensors along with a data acquisition board, battery and storage memory were placed inside a spinning model and the surface pressure were obtained through a remotely controlled system. Circumferential pressures...     

Experimental and numerical investigation on surface quality for two-point incremental sheet forming with interpolator

The unsatisfied surface quality seriously impedes the wide application of incremental sheet forming(ISF) in industrial field. As a novel approach, the interpolator method is a promising strategy to enhance the surface quality in ISF. However, the mechanism for the improvement of surface quality and the influence of interpolator properties on surface roughness are not well understood. In this paper, the influences of process variables(i.e. tool diameter, step size and thickness of interpolators) ...     

测控装备机内测试设备计量校准技术研究

研究测控装备机内测试设备计量校准方法，获取机内测试设备技术状态的准确信息，是确保测控装备量值准确可靠的基础。以系统理论为指导，研究测控装备机内测试设备的工作运行机理和计量校准方法，选取某型测控装备，分析其技术要求、确定校准点、校准接口和校准设备，明确计量校准项目和参数，对提出的测控装备机内测试设备计量校准方法进行实验验证，为今后开展机内测试设备计量校准提供了方法和依据。     

Assessing ecohydrological factors variations and their relationships at different spatio-temporal scales in semiarid area,northwestern China

As a typical semiarid farming-pastoral ecotone sensitive to the environmennt, the Plain of West Liaohe Basin (WLBP) is currently experiencing drastic environmental changes. To identify how environmental change affect vegetation in the WLBP, we analysed spatiotemporal variation characteristics of Ecological environment factors based on monthly and annual air temperature (T), precipitation (P) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) from 1982 to 2015. And the correlations between them were investigated by correlation analysis (Simple correlation, partial correlation and complex correlation) at temporal and spatial scale. The results showed that: (1) the vegetation growth of the WLBP showed ameliorated trend, with a change rate of 0.004/yr.; (2) P was more sensitive to NDVI than T; (3) and the influence of hydrothermal changes on vegetation growth was more significant than that of the change of single climate factors at time scales; (4) the effects of anthropogenic factors on vegetation change were 75.07% (1982–1993) and 98.08% (1994–2015), respectively. At the temp-special scales, P&T and land use type change (LUCC) were the main climatic and anthropogenic factors that affect vegetation changes, respectively.     

镁合金管材热挤压过程数值模拟研究

为了得到综合力学性能良好的AZ31镁合金管材,采用有限元软件DEFORM-3D对AZ31镁合金的挤压过程进行了模拟,定性分析了AZ31坯料温度场的变化及等效应力的分布规律,并计算了管材不同方向的最大拉应力曲线。结果表明热挤压的等效应力在模角拐弯处应力集中严重,温度场分布接近终了时进入等温挤压阶段,热挤压管材的横向裂纹产生的可能性较大,分析结果为工艺实验提供了指导作用。