小卫星最佳温度动态范围热控设计方法研究

为探索低热惯性小卫星动态传热下的热控设计方法,首先建立双层集总参数模型,在得到温度时均量解析解的基础上,类比阻尼振荡系统,采用傅里叶变换法求解温度波动量解析解,从而建立周期变化外热流下温度动态变化与热控参数间的解析关系。以此为基础提出“最佳温度动态范围”热控设计新方法。对某型微小卫星进行“最佳温度动态范围”热控设计,并通过其在轨温度遥测量动态变化对该方法的准确性和可行性进行验证。     

非接触高温测量技术发展与现状

非接触高温测量技术已经成为2 000℃以上高温目标温度测量的主要手段,其发展水平直接制约着国防科技工业尤其是高速飞行器热防护及隐身性能等关键技术领域的发展。本文综述了当前各类非接触高温测量技术的研究现状、技术优缺点及应用前景,并对未来非接触高温测量技术的发展进行了展望。     

硅化物涂层电子束重熔表面改性技术

在Nb521铌合金表面采用料浆烧结法制备硅化物涂层,利用高频扫描电子束对硅化物涂层进行重熔处理,通过扫描电子显微镜对处理样品表面形貌进行组织结构分析。研究表明,经过电子束重熔处理,硅化物涂层表面陶瓷晶粒粒度降低,表面粗糙度降低,陶瓷颗粒之间烧结作用增强,重熔区域与未处理区域具有明显的边界,电子束能量分布较均匀,电子束重熔提高了硅化物涂层的抗氧化性能和抗热震性能。     

液体离心喷嘴中的静态表面波

为了探讨液体离心喷嘴中静态空间波动现象的物理本质,在经典理论的基础上分析了液体离心喷嘴中喷口处表面波的相速度和平均轴向速度的相等关系,通过结合CICSAM表面捕捉技术在自适应网格中求解耦合VOF方程的N-S方程组的数值模拟,在旋转轴对称的长喷口模型中获得了不同背压下的空间静止波型。数值模拟结果与经典重力波理论的类比表明:表面波有与液体平均轴向速度大小相等方向相反的相速度;波动由喷嘴的过渡段台阶激励起;波动能量传播速度小于相速度使波动在台阶后的喷口段显现。     

一种提高热电阻测温准确性方法研究

分析了工业铂、铜热电阻电阻-温度特性,以工业铂电阻温度传感器为例,给出了一种提高热电阻测温准确度的方法。通过对工业铂电阻进行多点测试,利用最小二乘法对测得数据进行拟合,得出新的电阻-温度转换公式和分度表。通过试验数据的比较表明,使用该方法可以提高传感器的测温准确性。     

平流层飞艇热力学验证温度测量方法研究

平流层飞艇的热力学分析是平流层飞艇关键技术之一。针对热力学分析的工程验证及模型完善,提出了适合于平流层飞艇的艇囊内气体及囊体表面的温度测量方法,包括采集点的分布,传感器的选型,数据传输和处理及数据准确性评价等。经过两次平流层飞艇的缩比飞行试验,对比同艇发放的探空仪采集的温度数据,验证了该方法测量到的数据的准确性。     

Seasonal variation of surface refractivity over Nigeria

The seasonal variation of surface refractivity over Nigeria was studied using two years in-situ meteorological data from eight locations over Nigeria. The result shows that the surface refractivity generally has higher value during rainy season than dry season at all location studied. The results also show that the value of surface refractivity increases from arid region in the north to the coastal area in south. The results also show that local meteorology plays a very important role in refractivity variation.     

可展桁架天线形面精度理论分析

针对可展桁架天线杆件多和转动铰多的特点, 研究杆件加工公差和转动铰间隙对天线反射面精度和重复展开精度的影响. 根据杆件加工公差和转动铰间隙发生的随机性, 建立相应的随机数据模型和Monte-Carlo随机有限元模型, 计算杆件加工公差和转动铰间隙所引起的天线反射面精度误差. 研究表明, 间隙所引起的反射面精度误差远大于杆件公差所引起的误差, 并且天线重复展开精度差值不宜忽视.      

Machining of SiC ceramic matrix composites: A review

Continuous fiber reinforced SiC ceramic matrix composites (FRCMCs-SiC) are currently the preferred material for hot section components, safety–critical components and braking components (in the aerospace, energy, transportation) with high value, and have triggered the demand for machining. However, the high brittleness, anisotropy, and heterogeneity of materials bring great challenges to machining, due to high mechanical and thermal loads, severe tool wear, and poor machining quality. With the increasing demand of FRCMCs-SiC parts, high-quality and high-efficient machining has become a hot issue. This review paper provides a detailed literature survey on the machining of FRCMCs-SiC. The material removal mechanism, defect form, and interfacial mechanical properties of FRCMCs-SiC were summarized. The machining processes of FRCMCs-SiC were introduced, and their respective advantages and disadvantages were compared. Given the low machinability (high hardness, high brittleness, anisotropy, and heterogeneity) of FRCMCs-SiC, preliminary experiments have proved that ultrasonic-assisted machining and laser-assisted machining have shown unique advantages in reducing force and tool wear, improving machining quality and machining efficiency. The machined surface integrity was discussed, the influence of process parameters on the machined surface quality was analyzed, and the machining defects of FRCMCs-SiC were summarized. But for FRCMCs-SiC, the existing quantitative evaluation of the machined surface integrity was weak and unsystematic.     

碳纤维增强复合材料车削表面质量分析

文摘以PCD刀具车削加工短切碳纤维/酚醛复合材料的表观质量为研究对象,通过开展正交试验,采用三维测量技术,研究切削三要素和刀尖圆弧半径对工件加工质量的影响;通过Design Expert软件,对加工因素的显著性进行分析。结果表明,随着切削速度v和进给量f的增大,表面粗糙度Ra逐渐增大,随着切削深度a_p和刀尖圆弧半径r的增大,Ra逐渐变小;试验显著因素为刀尖圆弧和进给量;最佳加工参数为：v=160 r/min、f=0.15 mm/r、a_p=0.6 mm、r=0.6 mm;通过加工试验和建模分析验证,结论可靠。