气气喷注器推力室传热特性研究

设计了单喷嘴气气喷注器容热式推力室,进行了0.92～6.1 MPa范围内7个燃烧室压力工况,共17次热试车;采用壁面测温方法获得推力室沿轴向方向的内壁热流分布,得到各室压工况下燃烧室内壁热流分布曲线,不同工况的热流曲线显示出相似的分布;并从中分离出对流传热热流,得到对流传热热流与室压的关系。为拓展范围,采用多组分湍流N-S方程描述推力室内燃烧流动,采用6组分9步反应模型来描述氢氧反应,反应速率由Arrhenius公式计算,进行了5～20 MPa更高室压范围内的燃烧内流场的数值模拟,并耦合计算了各工况燃气与室壁之间的传热,获得了与试验相同规律的结果。     

突扩燃烧室低频燃烧不稳定形成机理分析

突扩燃烧室在一定的工作条件下会出现燃烧不稳定现象。采用实验和数值模拟的方法对突扩燃烧室形成低频燃烧不稳定的机理进行了研究。通过实验研究发现突扩燃烧室压强振动过程中纵向振型占主导地位,但其振动频率并不与声学频率一致。建立了适合分析燃烧不稳定的多步化学反应动力学与大涡模拟耦合的数值分析方法,对实验发动机开展了非稳态数值模拟,获得了低频燃烧不稳定形成演化的详细过程和流场结构。实验和数值计算表明突扩截面形成的旋涡脱落,以及旋涡在燃烧室内的运动过程中引起燃烧面积、局部当量比和热释放率的脉动是激发低频压强振动的主要原因。压强振动引起上游速度脉动,进而形成旋涡脱落。大尺度旋涡在燃烧室内的运动又会引起热释放率的大幅度脉动,反过来又会促进压强振动。振动频率是由压强波和旋涡运动特征时间共同决定的。     

Simulative technology for auxiliary fuel tank separation in a wind tunnel

In this paper,we propose a simulative experimental system in wind tunnel conditions for the separation of auxiliary fuel tanks from an aircraft.The experimental system consists of a simulative release mechanism,a scaled model and a pose measuring system.A new release mechanism was designed to ensure stability of the separation.Scaled models of the auxiliary fuel tank were designed and their moment of inertia was adjusted by installing counterweights inside the model.Pose parameters of the scaled model were measured and calculated by a binocular vision system.Additionally,in order to achieve high brightness and high signal-to-noise ratio of the images in the dark enclosed wind tunnel,a new high-speed image acquisition method based on miniature self-emitting units was presented.Accuracy of the pose measurement system and repeatability of the separation mechanism were verified in the laboratory.Results show that the position precision of the pose measurement system can reach 0.1 mm,the precision of the pitch and yaw angles is less than 0.1° and that of the roll angle can be up to 0.3°.Besides,repeatability errors of models' velocity and angular velocity controlled by the release mechanism remain small,satisfying the measurement requirements.Finally,experiments for the separation of auxiliary fuel tanks were conducted in the laboratory.     

Impact of gravitation on gaseous pollutant source identification

 It is necessary to identify a gaseous pollutant source rapidly so that prompt actions can be taken, but this is one of the difficulties in the inverse problem areas. In this paper, an approach to identifying a sudden continuous emission pollutant source based on single sensor information is developed to locate a source in an enclosed space with a steady velocity field. Because the gravity has a very important influence on the gaseous pollutant transport and the source identification, its influence is analyzed theoretically and a conclusion is drawn that the velocity of fluid is a key factor to effectively help weaken the gravitational influence. Further studies for a given 2-D case by using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method show that when the velocity of inlet is less than one certain value, the influence of gravity on the pollutant transport is very significant, which will change the velocity field obviously. In order to quantitatively judge the practical applicability of identification approach, a synergy degree of the velocity fields before and after a source appearing is proposed as a condition for considering the influence of gravity. An experimental device simulating pollutant transmission was set up and some experiments were conducted to verify the practical application of the above studies in the actual gravitational environment. The results show that the proposed approach can successfully locate the sudden constant source when the experimental situations meet the identified conditions.     

内场仿真试验系统构成与发展趋势

阐述了国外试验场内场仿真试验的发展过程和特点，分析了内场仿真试验系统的组成和试验模式，在此基础上，探讨了内场仿真试验发展趋势。     

带柔性附件的中心刚体的频率特性及实验研究

从力学基本原理出发，利用有限元方法建立了由中心刚体和柔性梁组成的这类卫星－帆板模型的动力学方程，研究了该系统的刚－柔耦合频率特性，详细讨论了刚柔刚度比K′和刚柔惯量比J′对系统的频率的影响，同时利用气溪台动力学全物理仿真测试实验平台，对该刚柔耦合系统进行了动力学测试，验证了理论模型及分析的正确性，理论研究和实验结果均表明，不同的K′和J′对系统的频率有较大的影响，并且系统的主导频率会发生转移，这些为卫星等航天器的设计提供了一定的依据。     

中国1987—1990年科学实验卫星中空间辐射剂量信息的热释光分析方法

本文介绍了实验卫星中空间辐射剂量信息的热释光分析方法。应用LiF(Mg,Cu,P)探测器及程序加热方法,分析测定了几次实验卫星中空间辐射日平均剂量,均在20mrad/d以下。应用LiF(Mg,Ti)和Caso_4(Tm)探测器及发光曲线反卷积分析方法,研究了探测器本底荧光与低温峰影响的减除技术和高LET粒子造成的微观剂量分布不均匀情况。     

一类刚-柔耦合系统的模态特性与实验研究

本文从理论和实验两方面研究了由中心刚体和柔性梁组成的刚柔耦合系统的模态特性。结果表明该系统的模态与静止情况正气结构动力学模态存在较大差异，系统的模态频率与刚体Hub和柔性梁的转动惯量比值有一定关系，这为研究这类刚柔耦合系统的动力学与控制问题提供了一些有益的参考。     

星载微波辐射计系统定标技术

在简要综述星载微波辐射计（ＳＭＲ）定标技术基础上，详细介绍了星载微波辐射计定标的基本原理及其地面试验系统，进行了星载微波辐射计星上定标误差分析并提出需要解决的问题。     

高精度光纤陀螺温度实验研究

温度是影响光纤陀螺(FOG)输出特性的主要因素,对于高精度光纤陀螺更是如此。从实验入手,在常温、低温和高温三种状态下进行研究,采用热敏电阻分别对陀螺的六个重要部位的温度进行监测,得出光纤陀螺启动阶段至稳定以后的输出曲线、零偏变化曲线、温度变化曲线。对输出曲线、零偏变化曲线、温度变化曲线分析,发现不仅光纤陀螺自身热效应会影响光纤环,而且环境温度变化也会对光纤环产生影响。针对上述现象,对陀螺采取温度控制,经实验证明,能有效地改善陀螺的输出特性。