A novel data association scheme for LEO space debris surveillance based on a double fence radar system

The increasing amount of space debris threatens to seriously deteriorate and damage space-based instruments in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) environments. Therefore, LEO space debris surveillance systems must be developed to provide situational awareness in space and issue warnings of collisions with LEO space debris. In this paper, a double fence radar system is proposed as an emerging paradigm for LEO space debris surveillance. This system exhibits several unique and promising characteristics compared with existing surveillance systems. In this paper, we also investigate the data association scheme for LEO space debris surveillance based on a double fence radar system. We also perform a theoretical analysis of the performance of our proposed scheme. The superiority and the effectiveness of our novel data association scheme is demonstrated by experimental results. The data used in our experiments is the LEO space debris catalog produced by the North American Air Defense Command (NORAD) up to 2009, especially for scenarios with high densities of LEO space debris, which were primarily produced by the collisions between Iridium 33 and Cosmos 2251. We hope that our work will stimulate and benefit future work on LEO space debris surveillance approaches and enable construction of the double fence radar system.     

一种基于信息一致性的卫星编队协同控制策略

提出一种基于信息一致性的分布式协同控制策略,实现了卫星编队的构型建立、保持与整体机动。首先根据编队各星的初始相对状态,应用一阶一致性算法,协商估计出编队整体系统基准参考点的相对状态;再根据编队整体系统模型预测方程,以凸优化方法规划出期望重构机动路径;之后设计了基于二阶一致性算法的反馈协同控制律,使各星彼此协同地跟踪期望路径与构型、整体机动参考信息,并证明了系统的稳定性。仿真结果表明:只要在基准参考点一致性估计过程中信息拓扑图中存在最大生成树,该策略就能实现卫星编队的协同机动;反馈协同控制律能有效消除相对初始状态误差与地球非球形摄动J2项引起的各星状态偏离,并具有较好的容错性;与传统方法相比,本文方法在燃料消耗总量与均衡性方面均有所改善,且在构型快速建立或重构时,燃料消耗总量方面优势较为明显。     

Simulating clefts in pumpkin balloons

The geometry of a large axisymmetric balloon with positive differential pressure, such as a sphere, leads to very high film stresses. These stresses can be significantly reduced by using a tendon re-enforced lobed pumpkin-like shape. A number of schemes have been proposed to achieve a cyclically symmetric pumpkin shape, including the constant bulge angle (CBA) design, the constant bulge radius (CBR) design, CBA/CBR hybrids, and NASA’s recent constant stress (CS) design. Utilizing a hybrid CBA/CBR pumpkin design, Flight 555-NT in June 2006 formed an S-cleft and was unable to fully deploy. In order to better understand the S-cleft phenomenon, a series of inflation tests involving four 27-m diameter 200-gore pumpkin balloons were conducted in 2007. One of the test vehicles was a 1/3-scale mockup of the Flight 555-NT balloon. Using an inflation procedure intended to mimic ascent, the 1/3-scale mockup developed an S-cleft feature strikingly similar to the one observed in Flight 555-NT. Our analysis of the 1/3-scale mockup found it to be unstable. We compute asymmetric equilibrium configurations of this balloon, including shapes with an S-cleft feature.     

基于Petri网的分布式编队小卫星星间通信仿真平台研究

针对编队小卫星星间通信的要求,提出基于Petri网的分布式编队小卫星星 间通信系统仿真平台。首先对编队小卫星星间通信系统进行TTDPN(T\|Timed Discrete Pe tri Net,TTDPN)建模,并建立该模型与分布式仿真平台间的映射。根据该映射关系设计编 队小卫星星间通信仿真平台的逻辑结构和数据流,搭建分布式编队小卫星星间通信系统仿真 平台。联合空间环境、姿态和轨道等分系统,重点对星间通信系统中信道编译码模块和扩频 解扩模块中的关键技术进行仿真验证。仿真结果表明：基于Petri网的分布式编队小卫星星 间通信系统仿真平台能够显著缩短仿真时间,提高仿真精度和仿真结果的置信度,提高通信 系统中模块的设计效率。
     

卫星编队飞行姿态协同输出反馈控制

研究了双星编队飞行系统的姿态协同控制问题。首先考虑在角速度不可测情况下,给出一种分布式姿态协同输出反馈控制方案,并通过李亚普诺夫方法证明了编队飞行系统全
局渐近稳定性。然后在控制输入饱和时给出了另一种输出反馈控制方案。通过在控制方案中引入双曲正切饱和函数,得出只需控制参数的选取满足某一限制条件,就能有效地抑制控制力矩的饱和。最后对给出的算法进行了数学仿真。结果表明,所设计的控制算法是可行的、有效的。     

环件轧制参数与质量关系研究

在分析环件加工过程的运动和受力的基础上,定义了环件的端面平整度和外圆的圆度误差作为环件质量的表征参数。通过仿真,分析了环件轧制过程中芯辊进给速度、驱动辊转速和上锥辊进给速度与环件质量之间的关系。仿真结果为环件轧制工艺参数定义提供了参考。     

Boundedness of Formation Configuration for Nonlinear Three-body Dynamics

The configuration boundedness of the three-body model dynamics is studied for Sun-Earth formation flying missions. The three-body formation flying model is built up with considering the lunar gravitational acceleration and solar radiation pressure. Because traditional linearized dynamics based method has relatively lower accuracy, a modified nonlinear formation configuration analysis method is proposed in this paper. Comparative studies are carried out from three aspects, i.e., natural formation configuration with arbitrary departure time, initialization time and formation configuration boundedness, and specific initialization time for bounded formation configuration. Simulations demonstrate the differences between the two schemes, and indicate that the nonlinear dynamic method reduces the error caused by the model linearization and disturbance approximation, and thus provides higher accuracy for boundedness analysis, which is of value to initial parameters selection for natural three-body formation flying.      

编队飞行卫星三维定位系统的动力学和控制策略

提出应用多颗编队飞行小卫星实现的三维定位系统。首先建立精确动力学模型和摄动方程,然后进行数学仿真和估算三维位置精度,最后讨论位置保持控制策略。仿真结果表明:编队飞行三维定位系统定位精度高,不受纬度影响,而且可以实现全球同时定位功能。     

基于内模原理的椭圆轨道编队最优维持控制

 基于内模原理,针对椭圆轨道编队维持控制过程中存在的周期扰动问题,结合动力学方程的时变周期系数特性,设计具有干扰抑制功能的线性周期时变最优二次调节器。干扰内模的加入,使得系统响应在稳态时具有良好的控制精度,同时基于最优性原理的设计使得系统的瞬态响应过程满足某种最优性能指标要求。仿真结果表明,在椭圆轨道的编队维持控制器中引入部分干扰内模可大幅度提高维持精度。     

动力学解耦的改进直接力控制

 提出了一种动力学解耦的改进直接力控制技术,通过对传统直接力控制技术的改进,引入翼面气动力闭环控制回路,使空气动力学模型与刚体动力学模型分离,避免了空气动力学模型的不确定性和非线性耦合对控制系统的影响,并针对建模精度较高的刚体动力学模型进行动力学解耦和控制,在此基础上构建了分层递阶控制系统。根据翼面气动力可控特性分析结果,设计了基于广义逆的控制力分配算法,实现了控制力的有效分配,最后进行了仿真校验。仿真结果表明,基于逆动力学的直接力控制系统可以实现飞行器姿态运动和质心运动的解耦控制,并且具有较强的抗扰动能力和鲁棒性,具有良好的工程应用前景。