对地靶射击时飞行安全问题研究

针对目前估算式计算出的退出地靶射击时损失高度比实际小的问题，提出了退出地靶射击损失高度可分三阶段的估算方法，具体计算分析了延迟时间、飞行速度、俯仰角、过载等变化对退出地靶射击损失高度的影响程度，指出俯仰角绝对值大、射击距离近、贪恋观看弹着点、退出时机晚、拉起过载小和拉杆粗猛等是影响地靶射击训练安全的重要因素，明确了退出地靶射击过程正确的驾驶方法，强调了靶场指挥员的重要作用，对提高对靶射击成绩，尤其是保证对地靶射击训练安全有着积极的意义。     

飞机飞行品质规范的新进展--对MIL-STD-1797的初步分析

根据国外文献和研究资料的公开报道，介绍了美国空军颁发的《军用标准－－有人驾驶飞行器飞行品质》（ＭＩＬ－ＳＴＤ－１７９７）的主要内容和特点，尤其对ＭＩＬ－ＳＴＤ－１７９７中新增加的条款，如：“对各项要求的验证”、“对驾驶员座位处的法向加速度”、“对俯仰短周期反应”等进行了分析和研究。指出：这些验证要求，不仅可以确保飞机的飞行品质和飞行安全，而且可以缩短飞机研制和试飞的周期、节省研制经费，可以为我国新     

Formation of the Outer Planets

Models of the origins of gas giant planets and ‘ice’ giant planets are discussed and related to formation theories of both smaller objects (terrestrial planets) and larger bodies (stars). The most detailed models of planetary formation are based upon observations of our own Solar System, of young stars and their environments, and of extrasolar planets. Stars form from the collapse, and sometimes fragmentation, of molecular cloud cores. Terrestrial planets are formed within disks around young stars via the accumulation of small dust grains into larger and larger bodies until the planetary orbits become well enough separated that the configuration is stable for the lifetime of the system. Uranus and Neptune almost certainly formed via a bottom-up (terrestrial planet-like) mechanism; such a mechanism is also the most likely origin scenario for Saturn and Jupiter.     

The Formation Of The First Stars In The Universe

In this review, I survey our current understanding of how the very first stars in the universe formed, with a focus on three main areas of interest: the formation of the first protogalaxies and the cooling of gas within them, the nature and extent of fragmentation within the cool gas, and the physics – in particular the interplay between protostellar accretion and protostellar feedback – that serves to determine the final stellar mass. In each of these areas, I have attempted to show how our thinking has developed over recent years, aided in large part by the increasing ease with which we can now perform detailed numerical simulations of primordial star formation. I have also tried to indicate the areas where our understanding remains incomplete, and to identify some of the most important unsolved problems.     

机载校飞监控系统的设计与仿真

由于校飞用合作目标载体的变化,导致原有监控系统不能适应,必须设计一套校飞控制系统来保障设备操控要求。对系统的软、硬件进行详细设计,在Proteus中进行硬件仿真,通过构建虚拟环境,进行软件级联测试,表明该系统设计完全满足校飞任务需求。     

飞翼布局无人机的稳定与操纵特性分析研究

从气动和控制综合设计角度,提出了解决飞翼布局无人机稳定能力问题的多轴静不稳定增稳控制规律,通过对多操纵面操纵特性和操纵需求分析给出了操纵面的配置策略.仿真分析表明,所提出的设计方法较好地解决了飞翼布局无人机特殊的稳定与操纵问题.     

飞航导弹航向飞行包络计算模型及仿真分析

飞航导弹飞行包络的确定是航迹评估的重要前提,是其安全飞行的重要基础。文中基于飞航导弹的飞行过程,分析了各飞行阶段航向误差因素,建立航向飞行包络误差模型,给出了飞行包络半径大小计算的数学方程,最后进行了仿真分析。文中的研究对飞航导弹航迹评估和飞行安全维护具有重要的军事意义。     

Hypergravity suppresses bone resorption in ovariectomized rats

The effects of gravity on bone metabolism are unclear, and little has been reported about the effects of hypergravity on the mature skeleton. Since low gravity has been shown to decrease bone volume, we hypothesized that hypergravity increases bone volume. To clarify this hypothesis, adult female rats were ovariectomized and exposed to hypergravity (2.9G) using a centrifugation system. The rats were killed 28 days after the start of loading, and the distal femoral metaphysis of the rats was studied. Bone architecture was assessed by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and bone mineral density was measured using peripheral quantitative CT (pQCT). Hypergravity increased the trabecular bone volume of ovariectomized rats. Histomorphometric analyses revealed that hypergravity suppressed both bone formation and resorption and increased bone volume in ovariectomized rats.     

Ionospheric path delay models for spaceborne GPS receivers flying in formation with large baselines

GPS relative navigation filters could benefit notably from an accurate modeling of the ionospheric delays, especially over large baselines (>100 km) where double difference delays can be higher than several carrier wavelengths. This paper analyzes the capability of ionospheric path delay models proposed for spaceborne GPS receivers in predicting both zero-difference and double difference ionospheric delays. We specifically refer to relatively simple ionospheric models, which are suitable for real-time filtering schemes. Specifically, two ionospheric delay models are evaluated, one assuming an isotropic electron density and the other considering the effect on the electron density of the Sun aspect angle. The prediction capability of these models is investigated by comparing predicted ionospheric delays with measured ones on real flight data from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment mission, in which two satellites fly separated of more than 200 km. Results demonstrate that both models exhibit a correlation in the excess of 80% between predicted and measured double-difference ionospheric delays. Despite its higher simplicity, the isotropic model performs better than the model including the Sun effect, being able to predict double differenced delays with accuracy smaller than the carrier wavelength in most cases. The model is thus fit for supporting integer ambiguity fixing in real-time filters for relative navigation over large baselines. Concerning zero-difference ionospheric delays, results demonstrate that delays predicted by the isotropic model are highly correlated (around 90%) with those estimated using GPS measurements. However, the difference between predicted and measured delays has a root mean square error in the excess of 30 cm. Thus, the zero-difference ionospheric delays model is not likely to be an alternative to methods exploiting carrier-phase observables for cancelling out the ionosphere contribution in single-frequency absolute navigation filters.