Autonomous attitude coordinated control for spacecraft formation with input constraint,model uncertainties,and external disturbances

To synchronize the attitude of a spacecraft formation flying system, three novel autonomous control schemes are proposed to deal with the issue in this paper. The first one is an ideal autonomous attitude coordinated controller, which is applied to address the case with certain models and no disturbance. The second one is a robust adaptive attitude coordinated controller, which aims to tackle the case with external disturbances and model uncertainties. The last one is a filtered robust adaptive attitude coordinated controller, which is used to overcome the case with input con- straint, model uncertainties, and external disturbances. The above three controllers do not need any external tracking signal and only require angular velocity and relative orientation between a spacecraft and its neighbors. Besides, the relative information is represented in the body frame of each spacecraft. The controllers are proved to be able to result in asymptotical stability almost everywhere. Numerical simulation results show that the proposed three approaches are effective for attitude coordination in a spacecraft formation flying system.     

航空直喷发动机缸内混合气形成的试验

基于航空活塞式基础样机的结构特点,自主研制了单缸低压直喷全透明光学发动机,并利用高速摄影对缸内混合气形成进行试验研究.分析了不同燃烧室形状、燃油启喷时刻以及发动机转速等条件下低压直喷发动机缸内的混合气形成规律.研究结果表明:新设计的偏心碗型活塞顶面能够有效地引导燃油喷雾形成向燃烧室顶部卷吸的运动,从而使得燃油液滴聚集在双侧火花塞附近;燃油喷射时刻对混合气形成影响很大,当进气门开度较小且活塞与上止点距离较为适中时喷射燃油,混合气形成质量最好;进气运动较强烈时,发动机转速提高会加速燃油液滴的蒸发,但同时活塞顶面对喷雾的引导作用被削弱,混合气形成质量变差;当进气运动变弱时,发动机转速提高会增强活塞顶面对油束的作用,即引导作用变强.      

一种改进的等效系统拟配方法

等效系统拟配对于采用主动控制电传操纵系统的飞机飞行品质评价具有重要意义.从等效系统拟配中失配曲线的分布出发,比较了采用不同的频段进行等效拟配的不同结果,进而提出了一种带加权系数的等效系统拟配方法,最后通过分析得出了加权系数的合理区间.仿真结果表明,这种方法有效地改善了等效拟配失配曲线的分布.     

高速列车模型编组长度和风挡结构对气动阻力的影响

采用风洞试验的方法,分别对高速列车试验模型2～6车编组状态下的各节车厢气动阻力的分布规律,以及2种不同结构外形的风挡对3车编组列车模型各节车厢气动阻力的影响进行了研究。结果表明：当编组长度大于3车,头车、尾车的阻力系数随编组长度的增加变化较小,中间车的阻力系数约为0．1。1节头车＋N节中间车＋1节尾车的全车气动阻力系数,可用3车编组模型试验的头车阻力系数＋0．1×N＋尾车阻力系数之和进行估算。高速列车风洞试验模型分别采用风挡1和风挡2两种风挡,只是使得气动阻力在各节车厢之间形成不同的分配,对由各节车厢相加形成的全车气动阻力的试验结果影响很小。     

Decentralized attitude synchronization tracking control for multiple spacecraft under directed communication topology

This paper studies the attitude synchronization tracking control of spacecraft formation flying with a directed communication topology and presents three different controllers. By introducing a novel error variable associated with rotation matrix, a decentralized attitude synchronization controller, which could obtain almost global asymptotical stability of the closed-loop system, is developed. Then, considering model uncertainties and unknown external disturbances, we propose a robust adaptive attitude synchronization controller by designing adaptive laws to estimate the unknown parameters. After that, the third controller is proposed by extending this method to the case of time-varying communication delays via Lyapunov–Krasovskii analysis. The distinctive feature of this work is to address attitude coordinated control with model uncertainties, unknown disturbances and time-varying delays in a decentralized framework, with a strongly connected directed information flow. It is shown that tracking and synchronization of an arbitrary desired attitude can be achieved when the stability condition is satisfied. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control schemes.     

大型民用运输机全发失效后的飞行品质研究

详细论述了适航对民用大型运输机全发失效后的操纵系统及飞行品质的基本要求,讨论了全发失效后飞行品质的计算方法,并建立了飞机仿真模型。通过仿真计算和分析,验证了某型飞机全发失效后的适航符合性。该项研究对今后同类飞机的初步设计及适航符合性研究具有一定的理论指导意义和实际的工程应用价值。     

飞翼隐身特性数值模拟

为了设计出高隐身飞机,对飞翼进行总体设计。应用CATIA软件,对飞翼进行概念设计,生成三维数字样机;基于物理光学法和等效电磁流法,应用自编的RCSAnsys软件对飞翼的三维数字样机进行隐身特性数字模拟,得出飞翼在各频段雷达波条件下RCS均值。结果表明,飞翼隐身设计,能够得出高隐身飞机,可为飞机总体与隐身设计提供理论依据与技术支持。     

基于LAS码的星群多目标测控技术研究

针对星群多目标同时测控问题,基于星群轨道根数的时延特性和多普勒频移特性分析可得,星群多目标测控的上行链路遥控与测距信号可实现S CDMA（Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access,同步码分多址）,由于星间距离较小,下行链路遥测与测距信号满足QS CDMA（Quasi synchronous code division multiple access,准同步码分多址）.上行链路遥控和测距信号形式设计为PCM BPSK CDMA（Pulse Code Modulation Binary Phase Shift Keying Code Division Multiple Access,脉冲编码调制二进制相移键控码分多址）,上行链路信号采用Gold序列扩频;下行链路遥测和测距信号形式设计为PCM BPSK CDMA,根据总的时延差,提出下行链路采用基于等长脉冲间隔法构造的LAS（Large Area Synchronous,大区域同步）码扩频.结果表明：比特信噪比Eb/N0为10.5 dB时,遥控误码率为1＆#215;10 6;Eb/N0为9.6 dB时,遥测误码率为1×10^5——与达到相同误码性能的Gold序列相比有1 dB改善,因此,LAS码相比于Gold码能够获得更好的误码性能.     

高空长航时飞翼布局无人机静气动弹性研究

高空长航时大展弦比飞翼布局无人机在气动载荷的作用下所产生的较大的弹性变形,显著地改变了全机的升阻特性及静稳定性,常规的刚性飞机假设已不能满足其总体气动特性分析的精度要求.基于CFD/CSD松耦合的方法研究了大展弦比飞翼布局无人机的静气动弹性特性问题,结果表明:静气动弹性效应将显著降低这类飞机的升阻特性,并显著增加原设计配平巡航点的俯仰力矩;滚转静稳定性导数可提高41.7％,同时改善了刚体外形设计中存在的纵向静不稳定现象;局部气动载荷显著地向翼根转移,从而有利于结构设计.     

FeAlCrBSiNb非晶涂层形成机理和摩擦磨损行为

研发了一种FeAlCrBSiNb粉芯丝材,采用高速电弧喷涂技术在45钢基体上制备相应涂层.通过SEM,TEM和XRD表征涂层微观组织和相成分,阐述FeAlCrBSiNb非晶涂层的形成机理,利用显微硬度计,万能拉伸试验机和环-块式摩擦磨损试验机,分析涂层力学性能和摩擦磨损行为.结果表明:涂层主要由非晶相和弥散分布其中的α-(Fe),(Fe,Cr),CrB和Fe3Al微晶纳米晶相组成,非晶相体积含量大于91.3％;涂层呈层状结构,结构致密,总体孔隙率约为2％;平均显微硬度值为850 HV0.1,是基体45钢的4倍;优良的磨损抗力使其相对耐磨性是45钢的5倍,其磨损机制主要为剥落引起的剥落磨损.