Ka频段双圆极化频率复用的星地数传链路分析

为进一步提高低轨遥感卫星数据的下传速率,文章采用国际电信联盟(ITU)的星地链路计算模型,对Ka频段双圆极化频率复用(简称"极化复用")的雨衰和去极化效应进行了定量影响分析。分析结果表明:采用Ka频段同频极化复用具备可行性,通道传输速率达6Gbit/s,可有效解决海量数据的下传难题;但只有建立在干旱少雨的地面站(如喀什站),才能实现95%的链路可用率,而对降雨量中等的地面站(如北京站),则无法实现95%的链路可用率。     

SCPS-TP协议用于LEO卫星网的性能分析与改进

SCPS-TP是空间通信传输协议,可用于卫星网络。为分析SCPS-TP在LEO卫星网中的性能和选择合适的拥塞避免机制,进行原理分析和仿真实验。在LEO卫星网中的典型时延和误比特率条件下,SCPS-TP协议采用Ve-gas机制比Van Jacobson机制能达到更好的性能。但LEO卫星网中存在的切换和路径改变情况会严重降低Vegas机制的性能。对此提出一种利用SCPS-NP包头信息感知路径变化和更新时延基准的改进方法,具有较好的可实现性。仿真结果表明,此举能明显提高SCPS-TP协议在LEO卫星网路径改变时的性能。     

低轨卫星频谱感知的二维差值迭代分割

在低轨卫星通信系统中应用频谱感知技术,必须解决波束覆盖范围过大造成感知结果空间分辨率过低的问题.提出了二维差值迭代分割算法,利用地球自转引起的轨道面旋转方向,以及卫星行进方向上的波束重叠,经迭代计算获得波束下各子区域的频谱环境数据.经仿真表明此算法可以有效分割波束,并在6dB以上的信噪比条件下结合能量检测器准确定位主用户信号,从而满足低轨卫星通信系统的应用需求.     

红外低轨星座凝视传感器的空间覆盖性能分析

针对探测冷背景条件下的空间目标的红外低轨系统,分析了红外低轨星座中凝视传感器对空间目标的探测特点,建立了红外凝视传感器的几何观测模型,考虑其探测距离和范围的约束,提出了一种红外凝视传感器对空间区域的覆盖判定方法,并给了一组表征星座凝视传感器对空间区域覆盖性能的指标。基于点覆盖数值仿真方法,得到了典型红外低轨星座凝视传感器的多重覆盖空间高度分层分布、纬度带多重几何覆盖分布以及立体空间区域多重覆盖高度分布等方面的性能特征,可以体现星座对空间立体区域覆盖的差异性。仿真结果表明了覆盖判别方法和空间覆盖性能指标的有效性,结论可为红外低轨星座设计及其空间应用设计提供一定的参考依据。     

小偏心率低轨卫星的星历参数拟合法

研究了小偏心率低轨卫星参数拟合理论,数据来源于某星载GPS接收机定位数据。通过对小偏心率近地卫星的轨道根数进行频谱分析,建立了对应的数学模型,用采样数据对数学模型中的参数用最小二乘法进行估计。对算法进行了模拟仿真,结果表明,该方法简单有效,计算速度快,拟合和短时间（10min）预报误差在100m量级。     

低地球轨道航天器不同攻角原子氧通量密度计算模型

低地球轨道原子氧与航天器表面材料相互作用,可导致材料因氧化剥蚀而发生性能     

一种低轨卫星高灵敏度辅助定位服务系统

本文针对全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)接收机低信噪比环境下的快速定位需求,在充分分析扩频信号相干积分关键影响要素的基础上,设计了一种低轨卫星高灵敏度辅助定位服务系统。针对空间段信号发射机低相噪信号生成技术所需的参考源、时钟树给出了详细设计及指标分析,通过发射信号误差向量幅度EVM对比测试,所设计的发射信号(EVM)指标可控制在优于1.19%。针对系统服务能力进行了星地一体化性能测试,实验结果表明,该系统可有效实现终端在灵敏度提升12 dB前提下有效定位且辅助定位时间优于3.5分钟。     

Comparative analysis of global optical observability of satellites in LEO

With a growing number of resident space objects (RSOs), the facilities for near-Earth space surveillance have to cope with increasing workload. It also applies to low-cost small optical surveillance facilities which may present regional, national and global networks. Improved methods of planning and scheduling optical telescopes are required to use these instruments efficiently. Today, optical observations are only feasible if the following quite stringent requirements are met: the object should be illuminated by sunlight, and it should be above while the Sun is below the observer’s horizon. For different orbits, these preconditions result in varying degrees of the space object observability at various ground-based sites. Certainly, satellites in low Earth orbit (LEO) are particularly difficult to observe. This study aims at developing a new technique for assessing observability of a satellite in different types of orbits – namely, low, medium and high Earth orbits, imaging of the opportunity for its visibility in respective diagrams and their analysing for the existing near-Earth population of RSOs. Unlike other researches, wherein one or several observational stations have been chosen as target sites for in-depth analyses of visibility of all the satellites or just the selected ones, the present study focuses on examining the probability of optical surveillance of satellites in a certain orbit from any locations worldwide. It offers considerable scope for automation of surveillance planning and scheduling optical surveillance networks.     

Post-Newtonian tracking formulae to increase the shooting accuracy of autonomous LEO laser trackers

We introduce five post-Newtonian tracking formulae that would allow increasing the accuracy of the shooting systems on board autonomous LEO laser trackers. These formulae should be used when the current formulae cannot provide instants close enough to the optimal instants at which the trackers could safely shoot down unwished LEO middle-distant targets. In fact, they allow the trackers to produce not only the safest shooting actions, but also the most efficient ablations that might make the targets fall into the atmosphere for them to burn. The fact of the matter is in the falsifiability procedure introduced below, which allows to simulate sequences of unharming shooting actions with very narrow laser beams leading to identify the optimal pointing directions to previously selected debris objects whose size and composition are representative of these targets.     

Sensitivity analyses of satellite propulsion components with their thermal modelling

Performing the sensitivity analyses of the contact conduction and the position of thermostat on the basis of the thermal model established, the study of thermal design is accomplished for the preparation of possible mechanical interface change of the satellite propulsion system depending on the satellite system design. A relatively simple thermal model is taken into consideration for the convenience of the analysis. A variety of the spacecraft bus voltages and the contact resistances are examined as well as the position of thermostat on propulsion components. As a consequence, even though the mechanical interface condition is changed on the same module, the successful thermal design could be achieved if we design the heater to have sufficiently large power with reference to the heritage value of contact resistance. Besides the reasonable performance on the thermal control is assured with the thermostat location errors, if the uncertainty in the position of thermostat is not quite large when assembling tank module.