Statistical evaluation of GLONASS amplitude scintillation over low latitudes in the Brazilian territory

The ionospheric scintillation, generated by the ionospheric plasma irregularities, affects the radio signals that pass through it. Their effects are widely studied in the literature with two different approaches. The first one deals with the use of radio signals to study and understand the morphology of this phenomenon, while the second one seeks to understand and model how much this phenomenon interferes in the radio signals and consequently in the services to which these systems work. The interest of several areas, particularly to those that are life critical, has increased using the concept of satellite multi-constellation, which consists of receiving, processing and using data from different navigation and positioning systems. Although there is a vast literature analyzing the effects of ionospheric scintillation on satellite navigation systems, the number of studies using signals received from the Russian satellite positioning system (named GLONASS) is still very rare. This work presents for the first time in the Brazilian low-latitude sector a statistical analysis of ionospheric scintillation data for all levels of magnetic activities obtained by a set of scintillation monitors that receive signals from the GLONASS system. In this study, data collected from four stations were used in the analysis; Fortaleza, Presidente Prudente, São José dos Campos and Porto Alegre. The GLONASS L-band signals were analyzed for the period from December 21, 2012 to June 20, 2016, which includes the peak of the solar cycle 24 that occurred in 2014. The main characteristics of scintillation presented in this study include: (1) the statistical evaluation of seasonal and solar activity, showing the chances that an user on similar geophysical conditions may be susceptible to the effects of ionospheric scintillation; (2) a temporal analysis based on the local time distribution of scintillation at different seasons and intensity levels; and (3) the evaluation of number of simultaneously affected channels and its effects on the dilution of precision (DOP) for GNSS users are also presented in order to alert the timetables in which navigation will be most susceptible to such effects, as well as statistics on simultaneously affected channels. Relevant results about these statistical characteristics of scintillation are presented and analyzed providing relevant information about availability of a navigation system.     

利用天狼星(SIRIO-1)卫星进行的Ku波段电波传播实验

1983—1984年中国和意大利进行天狼星(SIRlO-1)卫星联合实验,本文报导北京地球站所进行的电波传播实验的主要结果。其中包括:11.5GHz下行雨致衰减、17.1GHz/11.5GHz上下行雨致衰减的相关关系,衰减变化率,微波辐射计和信号闪烁等。所获得的结果对我国发展Ku波段通讯或广播卫星系统有参考意义。     

Vertical TEC variations and model during low solar activity at a low latitude station,Xiamen

GPS-derived vertical TEC recorded at Xiamen (24.5°N, 118.1°E, geomagnetic latitude 13.2°N), China, during year 2006 is analyzed for the first time and compared to that predicted by ionosphere model SPIM recommend by ISO. A manifest seasonal anomaly is found with the high value during equinoctial season and low value during summer and winter season. Relative standard deviation for VTEC shows high value at around midnight and before sunrise. The correlation analysis exhibits that the variation of VTEC has a very weak relation with geomagnetic and solar activities (Dst, AP, SSN and F10.7). Comparative results reveal that the SPIM overestimates the observed VTEC at most of the time.     

电离层闪烁对导航接收机性能的影响

为定量分析电离层闪烁对接收机环路的影响,利用信号在电离层闪烁影响下的等效传输信道模型,通过数值仿真对比分析了电离层闪烁对接收信号幅度、载波相位、码相位、载噪比和I/Q支路跟踪值的性能影响。结果表明：电离层闪烁会使接收载噪比出现深度的快速衰落,严重时会出现高达5dB的突降,从而显著地影响用户的定位性能;在相同的电离层闪烁强度下,较小的环路带宽会发生较弱的载波相位周跳。     

弱太阳闪烁中深空探测信道的自适应控制

为提高探测器发射机功率利用率,在探测器和地球间建立可靠的传输链路,弱太阳闪烁中的深空信道的自适应控制十分重要。根据CCSDS规范,提出了一种基于连续功率控制和离散速率控制策略的深空信道自适应控制方法。数学分析和计算机仿真表明,(1) 太阳闪烁越强,自适应功率控制效果越明显;(2) 当太阳闪烁引起的信号衰减不大,小于9.4dB时,MPSK自适应控制信道容量高于非自适应控制信道容量。
     

Initial phase of mid-latitude aurora during strong geomagnetic storms

Analysing the initial mid-latitude aurora phase during strong geomagnetic storms we found that the initial phase of the mid-latitude aurorae observed at 630 nm emission during the strong geomagnetic storms on March 24, 1991, April 6, 2000, October 30 and November 20, 2003 is characterized by a short (∼1 h) wave-like disturbance. This disturbance corresponds to the beginning of main phase of the magnetic storms. The marked effect of the mid-latitude aurorae is analyzed using data on magnetosphere and ionosphere conditions in observation periods. The features of the dynamics of the 630 nm emission intensity and its connection with the dynamics of magnetospheric–ionospheric structures are considered. Possible excitation mechanisms of the atomic oxygen emission (630 nm) during these disturbances are discussed.     

低纬电离层f0F2夜间增强的模拟研究

以太阳活动低年冬季为代表,利用二维中低纬电离层理论模式模拟低纬电离层ｆ０Ｆ２夜间增强现象,探索在赤道异常驼峰纬度附近形成该现象的可能因素或物理机制,模式在给定磁子午面内解等离子体输运方程,给出电子及各离子的浓度,速度的时空分布。在所考察条件下,低纬驼峰纬度附近ｆ０Ｆ２模式值夜间出现了明显的增强特征。     

火星电离层探测

火星已经成为深空探测的重要目标之一, 登陆火星并在火星生存是人类探测火星的终极目标, 因此电离层是必须了解的火星电磁环境. 火星电离层探测包括直接探测和间接探测. 直接探测精度高, 有较高的空间分辨率, 但是观测时间短, 无法提供长期稳定的探测结果. 对火星电离层的间接探测结果主要来自无线电掩星探测和顶部雷达探测. 无线电掩星探测可实现对火星电离层整个电子密度剖面的长期稳定探测, 但其空间水平分辨率较低, 且可探测的电离层太阳天顶角范围受到地球与火星轨道的限制. 顶部雷达探测对火星电离层的探测具有很高的时间分辨率和空间分辨率, 且同样可进行长期稳定探测, 为火星电离层研究提供了最新的支持. 通过对火星电离层探测的基本方法及典型观测结果的分析, 提出通过几种探测方法适当结合的方式, 同时对火星电离层进行观测, 能够大大推进对火星电离层的研究.      

中国南京地区L波段电离层闪烁初步统计分析

利用南京地区2008年11月至2009年10月电离层闪烁监测数据, 统计分析了该地区一年间L波段电离层幅度闪烁发生率的逐日变化、逐月变化、地方时变化和空间分布等特征. 统计结果表明, 在此期间, 南京地区L波段电离层幅度闪烁活动比较平静, 主要以0.14<0.2的闪烁为主, S₄>0.2的闪烁很少发生.不同强度幅度闪烁表现出一致的时间变化和空间分布特征, 2008年11月为最小,2009年6月、8至10月闪烁发生率都有明显的增强, 在10月达到最大, 在8月和10月的S₄>0.2的闪烁主要出现于正午到日落前这段时间; 对于闪烁的空间分布, 单站一年数据统计显示, 测站北向闪烁的发生频率高于南向, 但该统计结果需要更多的数据样本进行进一步的验证.      

多普勒测风激光雷达风廓线探测精度对比分析

在晴空干洁的大气条件下,多普勒测风激光雷达能够以较高的时间、空间分辨率,获得大气三维风场信息。为验证北京遥测技术研究所研制的WINDLE LIDAR型多普勒测风激光雷达探测的准确性,2020年4月~5月,用该雷达在北京市南郊观象台和L波段探空雷达进行同时同址对比观测。2022年6月~7月,用该雷达与北京遥测技术研究所的WINDLE U7相干测风激光雷达进行同时同址对比观测。通过对数据进行相关性分析,得到比对结果如下：1）垂直探测距离大于5 km,最大探测高度可达8.5 km;2）与L波段探空雷达对比,风速和风向数据拟合总相关系数分别为0.990和0.998。总体风速和风向的系统偏差、标准偏差分别为0.114 m/s和3.078°、0.489 m/s和3.969°,二者具有较好的一致性;3）与WINDLE U7雷达对比,风速和风向数据拟合总相关系数分别为0.999和0.999。总体风速和风向的系统偏差和标准偏差分别为0.209 m/s和1.077°、0.255 m/s和1.220°,可以看出该雷达系统的优越性。