F数缩尺法旋翼颤振动力相似模型设计

本文介绍用F数缩尺法设计直升机旋翼颤振相似模型的方法。文中首先根据微分方程,应用方程分析法建立了旋翼弯曲颤振的相似准则数,然后以Y-2复合材料桨叶为例,设计了缩尺比为1/5的旋翼颤振动力相似模型,得出了初步结论。     

轮辐式航线网的航班计划优化模型

分析了轮辐式航线网布局模式的特征,提出了在轮辐式航线网上进行航班计划优化所要考虑的主要因素,进而独立研究了该种布局模式的航班计划优化模型。并通过一个案例说明该种轮辐式航线网航班计划优化模型的应用。     

对偶变换及其在冗余度机器人中的应用

给出了用对偶数矩阵来描述冗余度机器人的雅可毕方程的方法，对偶阵及其变换是这一方法的基础，对偶阵方法可使机器人节点参数的描述变得简洁，尤其在可毕矩阵的直接确定过程中这一方法更显得有效，对偶变换这一方法对机器人运动学、动力学、控制系统之建模提供一种简化的有效方法。     

发动机磨屑尺寸的分布模型及其应用

磨屑分析是研究零件摩擦表面破坏机理、监测机械磨损状态的主要方法之一。本文研制了一种将微机图象处理技术应用于铁谱技术的磨屑显微分析系统。根据对ＷＺ－６航空发动机长试过程的监测研究，提出了机械磨损磨屑尺寸的Ｗｅｉｂｕｌｌ分布规律、研究证实，Ｗｅｉｂｕｌｌ函数的参数、磨粒分布的均值和方差等特征能够清楚地指示出发动机工作过程中的磨损类型和程度。在此基础上，本文以统计检验和Ｊ散度指标为依据，探讨了航空发动机运行时的磨损状态监测和故障诊断的方法。     

声发射信号的时序分析法在磨削烧伤预报中的应用研究

高温合金、表面硬化钢、钛合金等难加工材料，由于具有热稳定性好、热强度高、耐腐蚀、抗磨损性能好等特点，因而被广泛应用于航空航天等工业部门中。但该类材料在磨削加工中极易出现磨削烧伤现象，降低了工件表面完整性，对零件的使用性能产生不利的影响，制约生产率的提高。本文在对高温合金（ＤＺ４）磨削过程中产生的声发射信号特性进行深入分析的基础上，应用时序分析法，建立起关于磨削过程中声发射信号的自回归时序模型，探讨磨削烧伤的在线监测和预报。研究结果表明，声发射信号功率谱结构变化能真正反映磨削烧伤发生与否，自日归时序模型参数及残差方差对工件表面状态变化敏感，均可作为特征参量进行磨削烧伤在线预报。     

Ionospheric precursors of earthquakes recorded by VLF receiver at Tashkent IHY station

Tashkent International Heliophysical Year (IHY) station is a member of Atmospheric Weather Electromagnetic System for Observation, Modeling and Education (AWESOME) network being operated globally to study the ionosphere and the magnetosphere with the help of electromagnetic waves in Very Low Frequency (VLF) band. Regular monitoring of the D- and F-layers of ionosphere over Central Asia territory is being performed on the permanent basis starting year 2008. We have studied VLF amplitude anomalies related to the EQs occurred in 2008–2009 years with magnitude more than 5 on the path way from the VLF transmitters to the Tashkent station assuming that propagation of VLF ground-based transmitters signals can be perturbed by EQ preparation detectable from the ground-based measurements in the VLF bands. For analyzing narrowband data we have used the nighttime fluctuation (NF) method paying attention to the data obtained during the local nighttime (20:00 LT–04:00 LT) in Tashkent where the VLF receiver is operating. The mean nighttime amplitude (or trend) and nighttime fluctuation are found to increase significantly before the EQ occurred on the path way from the transmitters to the receiver. The obtained results have revealed an agreement with VLF amplitude anomalies observed in Tashkent VLF station during the strong EQs occurred on the path way from the transmitters to the receiver. Some results are presented to show the probing potentiality of VLF waves to predict short term EQs with high magnitude.     

Ionospheric wave signature of the American solar eclipse on 21 August 2017 in Europe

A total solar eclipse occurred on 21 August 2017, with the path of totality starting over the North Pacific Ocean, crossing North-America and ending over the Mid-Atlantic Ocean slightly North of the equator. As a result, a partial solar eclipse was observed as far away as the Western Europe. The ionospheric observatory in Dourbes, Belgium, was right on the edge of the partial eclipse and was exposed for a very short period of only few minutes just before the local sunset. High-resolution ionospheric measurements were carried out at the observatory with collocated digital ionosonde and GNSS receivers. The data analysis revealed a clear wave-like pattern in the ionosphere that can be seen arriving before the local onset of the eclipse. The paper details the analysis and provides a possible explanation of the observed phenomenon.     

Distributed UAV swarm based on spatial grid model

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) swarm has become the inevitable trend of development, which will enjoy broad prospects to be applied in the future. However, the change of UAV application mode will certainly bring new technical challenges in the flight management, environmental perception, collaborative control as well as other fields. This paper considers that it can be an effective solution to realize the unified management of spatial information on the UAV platform by adopting the spatial grid model represented by the GeoSOT-3D, and to reduce the workload of flight management, airborne environmental perception, and ranging in the neighborhood through the association and query of all spatial grid data.     

Contribution analysis of QZSS to single-frequency PPP of GPS/BDS/GLONASS/Galileo

The Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS) established by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency mainly serves the Asia-Pacific region and its surrounding areas. Currently, four in-orbit satellites provide services. Most users of GNSS in the mass market use single-frequency (SF) receivers owing to the low cost. Therefore, it is meaningful to analyze and evaluate the contribution of the QZSS to SF precise point positioning (PPP) of GPS/BDS/GLONASS/Galileo systems with the emergence of GNSS and QZSS. This study compares the performances of three SF PPP models, namely the GRoup and PHase Ionospheric Correction (GRAPHIC) model, GRAPHIC with code observation model, and an ionosphere-constrained model, and evaluated the contribution of the QZSS to the SF PPP of GPS/BDS/GLONASS/Galileo systems. Moreover, the influence of code bias on the SF PPP of the BDS system is also analyzed. A two-week dataset (DOY 013–026, 2019) from 10 stations of the MGEX network is selected for validation, and the results show that: (1) For cut-off elevation angles of 15, 20, and 25°, the convergence times for the static SF PPP of GLONASS + QZSS are reduced by 4.3, 30.8, and 12.7%, respectively, and the positioning accuracy is similar compared with that of the GLONASS system. Compared with the BDS single system, the convergence times for the static SF PPP of BDS + QZSS under 15 and 25° are reduced by 37.6 and 39.2%, the horizontal positioning accuracies are improved by 18.6 and 14.1%, and the vertical components are improved by 13.9 and 21.4%, respectively. At cut-off elevation angles of 15, 20, and 25°, the positioning accuracy and precision of GPS/BDS/GLONASS/Galileo + QZSS is similar to that of GPS/BDS/GLONASS/Galileo. And the convergence times are reduced by 7.4 and 4.3% at cut-off elevation angles of 20 and 25°, respectively. In imitating dynamic PPP, the QZSS significantly improves the positioning accuracy of BDS and GLONASS. However, QZSS has little effect on the GPS-only, Galileo-only and GPS/BDS/GLONASS/Galileo. (2) The code bias of BDS IGSO and MEO cannot be ignored in SF PPP. In static SF PPP, taking the frequency band of B1I whose multipath combination is the largest among the frequency bands as an example, the vertical component has a systematic bias of approximately 0.4–1.0 m. After correcting the code bias, the positioning error in the vertical component is lower than 0.2 m, and the positioning accuracy in the horizontal component are improved accordingly. (3) The SF PPP model with ionosphere constraints has a better convergence speed, while the positioning accuracy of the three models is nearly equal. Therefore the GRAPHIC model can be used to get good positioning accuracy in the absence of external ionosphere products, but its convergence speed is slower.