Investigation into impact of tropical cyclones on the ionosphere using GPS sounding and NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis data

Ionospheric response to tropical cyclones (TCs) was estimated experimentally on the example of three powerful cyclones – KATRINA (23–31 August 2005), RITA (18–26 September 2005), and WILMA (15–25 October 2005). These TCs were active near the USA Atlantic coast. Investigation was based on Total Electron Content (TEC) data from the international network of two-frequency ground-based GPS receivers and the NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis data. We studied the spatial–temporal dynamics of wave TEC disturbances over two periods of ranges (02–20 min and 20–60 min). To select the ionospheric disturbances which were most likely to be associated with the cyclones, maps of TEC disturbances were compared with those of meteorological parameters.     

飞机系统可靠性的电磁兼容预测研究

对飞机可靠性工程中的有关系统内电磁瘘容性分析和预测程序进行了研究开发，详细论述了天线对天线干扰的传播模型、导线与导线间的耦合模型、电磁场对导线的感应模型、设备对设备的耦合模型以及其编程语言、输入数据处理方法等开发技术。给出其计算结果，并与实验数据作了比较，结果表明，可提高系统的可靠性。     

Comparison of observed ionospheric vertical TEC over the sea in Indian region with IRI-2016 model

The vertical ionospheric TEC values obtained from GAGAN grid based ionospheric delay correction values over the sea in the Indian equatorial region have been compared with the corresponding values derived from the International Reference Ionosphere model, IRI-2016. The objective of this work is to study the deviation of the vertical TEC derived from the IRI model from ground truths over the sea for different conditions. This will serve the basic intention of assessing the candidature of the IRI model as an alternative ionospheric correction model in navigation receivers in terms of accuracy. We have chosen different solar activity periods, seasons, geomagnetic conditions, locations etc. for our comparison and analysis. The TEC values by the IRI-2016 were compared with the actual measured values for the given conditions and errors were obtained. The measured vertical TEC values at the ionospheric grid points were derived from the GAGAN broadcast ionospheric delay data and used as reference. The IRI model with standard internal functions was used in estimating the TEC at the same ionospheric grid points. The errors in the model derived values are statistically analysed. Broadly, the results show that, for the Indian sector over the sea, the IRI model performs better on quiet days in off equatorial regions, particularly in the northern region. The overall performance degrades for other conditions with the model generally underestimating the true TEC values and most severely in the equatorial region. The performance is worst in this region for the disturbed days of the equinoctial period. The comparison study is also done with the TEC data measured directly by dual frequency GPS receivers. The results were found to be in general agreement with those obtained by comparing the model with GAGAN broadcast data as reference. This study will be useful in considering the IRI-2016 model for real time estimates of TEC as an alternative to the current parametric model in a satellite navigation receiver in absence of other options.     

A Prediction Method for△f0F2min of a Single Station From Interplanetary Parameters Based on Statistical Study

Using 86 CME-interplanetary shock events,the correlation between the peak values of （a） the solar wind parameters(B_z,E_y,P_dyn) and the geomagnetic indices（SYM-H,ASY-H,Kp）, （b） the coupling functions（Borovsky,Akasofu,Newell） and the geomagnetic indices,（c） the solar wind parameters/coupling functions/geomagnetic indices and the ionospheric parameter(Δf₀F_2min), are investigated.The statistical results show that in group（a）,B_{z min} and SYM-H_min have the best correlation,that in group（b）,the best correlation is between the peak values of Akasofu function (A_min) and SYM-H_min,and that in group（c）,the best correlation is between K_pmax andΔf₀F_2min. Based on the statistical results,a method for predicting f₀F₂ of a single station is attempted to be set up.The input is modified B_{z min} and the outputs are SYM-H_min andΔf₀F_2min.Then 25 CME-IPS events that caused geomagnetic storms in 1998 and 2009 are used to check the prediction method. The results show that our method can be used to predict SYM-H_min andΔf₀F_2min.     

交叉航路飞行间隔安全评估研究

在交叉航路上初步研究了碰撞风险模型,从冲突区域模型、概率论模型、Event模型、Reich及其改进模型等5种碰撞风险模型的角度,分析了各个模型的使用范围及建模思想,并在此基础上分析了飞行间隔安全评估未来的研究方向：基于CNS性能的飞行间隔安全评估,防撞系统如何减少碰撞风险以及人为因素对碰撞风险的影响,为今后的研究奠定了基础。     

2009年1月平流层爆发性增温期间全球电离层响应的研究

2009年1月平流层爆发性增温(Stratospheric Sudden Warming, SSW)事件是有记录以来最强、持续时间最长的一次主增温事件(Major Warming Event, MWE), 期间太阳活动和地磁活动均处于较低的水平, 因此非常有利于研究电离层对平流层增温事件的响应情况. 本文利用COSMIC (Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate)系统提供的掩星数据, 使用Kriging方法分别构建了此次SSW期间及平静期的电离层N_mF₂, h_mF₂和110～750km高度范围的垂直积分TEC (简称VTEC)地图, 同时从全球定位导航卫星系统服务组织(International GNSS Service, IGS)发布的全球电离层TEC地图(Global Ionospheric Maps, GIMs)中提取了日固坐标系(Sun-fixed, 地磁纬度和地方时)下全球TEC地图. 通过对比发现, SSW期间与平静期相比, 地磁纬度中低纬电离层参数存在早晨上升, 下午和夜间下降的现象. 利用OSTM/JASON-2卫星高度计观测值进行验证后的结果显示, 此前研究均未有提及的夜间时段电离层参数N_mF₂, h_mF₂和TEC (VTEC和IGS TEC)的下降现象的确存在.     

图象序列中机动目标的形心跟踪

从边检测边跟踪的角度探讨了图象序列中机动目标的形心跟踪问题,深入分析了强高斯噪声背景下目标形心估计的统计性质及用于形心估计的图象预处理方法。指出经典的图象二值化变换分割后作形心估计的方法面临着估计偏差和方差的矛盾,提出了用自适应交互三模型(ATIMM)跟踪图象序列中机动目标的方法,同时发现在了解目标形状的条件下,空间匹配滤波,二值变换点集聚类和 ATIMM三者的结合对图象序列中的机动目标具有最好的跟踪性能。     

自由飞试验模型惯性矩的测定

作者根据多年来自由飞试验的实践,叙述了自由飞模型惯性矩的调试、计算、误差分析与处理的经验与方法。     

多传感器融合目标跟踪

分析了基于成象和雷达两种传感器对目标状态的测量模型及其融合模型。针对两种传感器之间测量信息的不同步问题,给出了一种基于最小二乘法的不同步信息之间的时间配准和融合方法,并设计了跟踪滤波器。     

Statistical characterisation of spread F over South Africa

The occurrence of mid-latitude spread F (SF) over South Africa has not been extensively studied since the installation of the DPS-4 digisondes in 1996 and 2000 at Grahamstown (33.32 °S, 26.50 °E) and Madimbo (22.38 °S, 30.88 °E) respectively. This study is intended to quantify the probability of occurrence of F region disturbances associated with SF over South Africa. A study was conducted using data for 8 years (2001–2008) over Madimbo (with a time resolution of 30 min) and Grahamstown (with a variable time resolution of 15 and 30 min). In this study, SF has been classified into frequency SF (FSF), range SF (RSF) and mixed SF (MSF). The SF events were identified by manually identifying ionograms showing SF and tabulating them according to type for further statistical analysis. The results show that the diurnal pattern of SF peaks strongly between 01:00 and 02:00 local time, LT (LT = UT + 2 h), where UT is the universal time. This pattern is true for all seasons and types of SF at Madimbo and Grahamstown in 2001 and 2005, except for RSF which had peaks during autumn and spring in 2001 at Madimbo. The probability of both MSF and FSF tends to increase with decreasing solar activity, with a peak in 2005 (a moderate solar activity period). The seasonal peaks of MSF and FSF are more frequent during winter months at both Madimbo and Grahamstown. In this study, SF was evident in ∼0.03% and ∼0.06% of the available ionograms at Madimbo and Grahamstown respectively during the 8 years.