天波超视距雷达电离层相位污染典型校正方法综合性能评估

对校正天波超视距雷达电离层相位污染的五种典型方法进行了综合性能评估,主要从校正效果、对不同污染的普适性、污染参数变化对方法的影响、信噪比对方法性能的影响、运算量等几个方面进行了比较与分析,为实际工程实现和改进电离层相位污染校正方法提供参考。     

舱外航天服红外笼标定试验及其修正计算

文章对舱外航天服的红外笼标定试验的情况进行了介绍,并根据试验数据对试验模型进行了修正计算,得到了红外笼的相关计算参数,同时给出了标定试验与计算模型的偏差,利用标定试验数据对试验模型进行了修正计算,并对修正计算后的结果和试验数据进行了比对,比对结果表明,计算模型计算值与试验值偏差较小,修正后的计算模型可以用于舱外航天服热平衡试验施加外热流功率的计算,并为舱外航天服的热平衡试验中外热流的施加提供参数依据。     

弧齿锥齿轮齿面拓扑修形及加工参数计算

为了能够实现对齿面啮合性能的灵活控制,针对弧齿锥齿轮小轮提出一种齿面拓扑修形方法,即借助二阶曲面对齿面偏差拓扑的近似表达,将齿面拓扑修形分解为5个方向:螺旋角修正、压力角修正、齿长曲率修正、齿廓曲率修正及齿面挠率修正,通过改变5个方向的修形系数对小轮齿面拓扑结构进行自由控制。在此基础上,建立齿面偏差与机床加工参数之间的修正数学模型,通过构建敏感性矩阵并采用最小二乘法求解,反求出获得修形齿面的小轮加工参数,以便指导加工。以一对弧齿锥齿轮副为例进行修形啮合分析,仿真结果表明:选取齿长曲率修形系数为0.0001,齿廓曲率修形系数为0.0005,齿面挠率修形系数为0.0003,对齿面进行拓扑修形后传动误差幅值为-25.60″,接触迹线倾斜角度变为54.7°,相比原始结果啮合性能得到改善。滚检接触区与理论仿真结果一致,验证了修形方法的有效性。      

基于位置修正的轨迹测量方法研究

传统精密轨迹测量方法大都采用GPS、全站仪等设备,存在设备不易架设、数据不连续、对环境要求较高等缺点。针对该问题提出一种基于航位推算系统的轨迹测量方法。该方法在航位推算基础上引入了位置修正技术,通过起始点与终点坐标即可计算出系统俯仰角误差、方位角误差及里程仪标度因数误差。系统完成航位推算计算后,用求解出的系统误差对航位推算轨迹进行修正,即可获得高精度的轨迹数据。最后通过试验验证该方法可行,系统行进153m误差小于0.12m。     

Modeling of ionospheric scintillation at low-latitude

The presence and movement of plasma density fluctuations in the F-region of the ionosphere are studied by monitoring phase and amplitude of radio waves propagating through the region. In this paper, we have used weak scattering theory and assumed the plasma density fluctuations to behave like phase changing diffraction screen. Appropriate relations for scintillation index S₄, and phase variance δ? are derived and computed for different parameters of the plasma density irregularities of the ionosphere. SROSS-C2 satellite in situ measurements of plasma density fluctuations, which provide direct information about the structure and morphology of irregularities that are responsible for scintillation of radio waves, were used first time to develop a scintillation model for low latitude. It is observed that the scintillation index S₄ and phase variance δ? depends on the strength of the plasma turbulence. Finally, the results obtained from modeling are compared and discussed with the available recent results.     

Comparison of peak characteristics of F2 ionospheric layer over Tehran region at a low solar activity period with IRI-2001 and IRI-2007 models predictions

In the present work values of peak electron density (NmF2) and height of F2 ionospheric layer (hmF2) over Tehran region at a low solar activity period are compared with the predictions of the International Reference Ionosphere models (IRI-2001 and IRI-2007). Data measured by a digital ionosonde at the ionospheric station of the Institute of Geophysics, University of Tehran from July 2006 to June 2007 are used to perform the calculations. Formulations proposed by  and  are utilized to calculate the hmF2. The International Union of Radio Science (URSI) and International Radio Consultative Committee (CCIR) options are employed to run the IRI-2001 and IRI-2007 models. Results show that both IRI-2007 and IRI-2001 can successfully predict the NmF2 and hmF2 over Tehran region. In addition, the study shows that predictions of IRI-2007 model with CCIR coefficient has closer values to the observations. Furthermore, it is found that the monthly average of the percentage deviation between the IRI models predictions and the values of hmF2 and NmF2 parameters are less than 10% and 21%, respectively.     

Variation in the ionospheric propagating factor M(3000)F2 at Ouagadougou,Burkina Faso

We use hourly monthly median values of propagation factor M(3000)F2 data observed at Ouagadougou Ionospheric Observatory (geographic12.4°N, 1.5°W; 5.9^o dip), Burkina Faso (West Africa) during the years Januar1987–December1988 (average F10.7 < 130 × 10⁻²² W/m²/Hz, representative of low solar flux conditions) and for January 1989–December1990 (average F10.7 ? 130 × 10⁻²² W/m²/Hz, representative of high solar epoch) for magnetically quiet conditions to describe local time, seasonal and solar cycle variations of equatorial ionospheric propagation factor M(3000)F2 in the African region. We show that that seasonal trend between solar maximum and solar minimum curves display simple patterns for all seasons and exhibits reasonable disparity with root mean square error (RMSE) of about 0.31, 0.29 and 0.26 for December solstice, June solstice and equinox, respectively. Variability Σ defined by the percentage ratio of the absolute standard deviation to the mean indicates significant dissimilarity for the two solar flux levels. Solar maximum day (10–14 LT) and night (22–02 LT) values show considerable variations than the solar minimum day and night values. We compare our observations with those of the IRI 2007 to validate the prediction capacity of the empirical model. We find that the IRI model tends to underestimate and overestimate the observed values of M(3000)F2, in particular, during June solstice season. There are large discrepancies, mainly during high solar flux equinox and December solstice between dawn and local midnight. On the other hand, IRI provides a slightly better predictions for M(3000)F2 between 0900 and 1500 LT during equinox low and high solar activity and equinox high sunspot number. Our data are of great importance in the area of short-wave telecommunication and ionospheric modeling.     

Improved predictions of equatorial TEC for real time applications

It is important to use models developed specifically for the equatorial ionospheric estimation for real-time applications, particularly in Satellite Navigation. This work demonstrates a methodology for improved predictions of VTEC in real time using the model developed for the equatorial ionosphere by the authors. This work has been done using TEC data of the low solar activity period of 2005 obtained using dual frequency GPS receivers installed under the GAGAN project of ISRO. For the purpose, the model is first used in conjunction with Kriging technique. Improvement in accuracy is observed when compared with the estimations from the model alone using the measurements as true reference. Further improvement is obtained by Bayesian combination of these estimates with independent Neural Network based predictions. Statistical performance of improvement is provided. An improvement of ∼1 m in confidence level of estimation of VTEC is obtained.     

一种新型二元风洞侧壁干扰修正方法——当地修正法

针对现行总体型二元风洞侧壁干扰修正方法的不合理性，本文发展了一种新型修正方法——当地修正法，并就有关问题做了讨论。与目前的总体型方法相比，当地修正法致力于对模型当地流动参数的修正，而不是笼统地去调整试验条件。当地修正法有能力处理那些主要的侧壁边界层效应及相关问题，是未来开展侧壁干扰修正的一条有效途径。     

Effects of TADs on the F region of the mid-latitude ionosphere during an intense geomagnetic storm

Based on observations of two ionosondes at Wuhan and Kokubunji, this paper presents effects of TADs on the daytime mid-latitude ionosphere during the intense geomagnetic storm on March 31, 2001. During a positive ionospheric storm, the start of the enhancement of the foF2 (F2 peak plasma frequency) at Wuhan lags that at Kokubunji by 15 min, which corresponds to the time interval of traveling atmospheric disturbances (TADs’) propagation from Kokubunji to Wuhan. Associated with the uplifting of the hmF2 (height of F2 peak) caused by TADs, it is observed by the two ionosondes that the F1 cusp becomes better developed. Therefore, during a geomagnetic storm, TADs originating from the auroral oval may have a strong influence on the shape of the electron density profile in the F1 region ionosphere at middle latitudes. It is highly likely that TADs are responsible for the evolution of the F1 cusp.