Accurate 3D Target Positioning in Close Range Photogrammetry with Implicit Image Correction

Accurate three-dimensional (3D) target positioning is of great importance in many industrial applications. Although various methods for reconstructing 3D information from a set of images have been available in the literature, few of them pay enough attention to the indispensable procedures, such as target extraction from images and image correction having strong influences upon the 3D positioning accuracy. This article puts forward a high-precision ellipse center (target point) extraction method and a new image correction approach which has been integrated into the 3D reconstruction pipeline with a concise implicit model to accurately compensates for the image distortion. The methods are applied to a copyright-reserved close range photogrammetric system. Real measuring experiments and industrial applications have evidenced the proposed methods, which can significantly improve the 3D positioning accuracy.     

Tomographic reconstruction of the ionospheric electron density as a function of space and time

Electron density distribution is the major determining parameter of the ionosphere. Computerized Ionospheric Tomography (CIT) is a method to reconstruct ionospheric electron density image by computing Total Electron Content (TEC) values from the recorded Global Positioning Satellite System (GPS) signals. Due to the multi-scale variability of the ionosphere and inherent biases and errors in the computation of TEC, CIT constitutes an underdetermined ill-posed inverse problem. In this study, a novel Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) based CIT reconstruction technique is proposed for the imaging of electron density in both space (latitude, longitude, altitude) and time. The underlying model is obtained from International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) and the necessary measurements are obtained from earth based and satellite based GPS recordings. Based on the IRI-2007 model, a basis is formed by SVD for the required location and the time of interest. Selecting the first few basis vectors corresponding to the most significant singular values, the 3-D CIT is formulated as a weighted least squares estimation problem of the basis coefficients. By providing significant regularization to the tomographic inversion problem with limited projections, the proposed technique provides robust and reliable 3-D reconstructions of ionospheric electron density.     

某型涡扇发动机状态模型修正

为了针对每一台发动机建立准确的气路故障诊断模型,采用部件法建立了某型涡扇发动机的基准数学模型,分析了模型失配的原因,确定出需要修正的特性参数,采用小波分析实现对可测参数数据的预处理,通过求解所建的扩展非线性方程组完成了发动机模型的离线修正。经仿真验证该算法有较高精度,且易于工程实现,为建立准确的稳态气路故障诊断方程奠定了基础。     

海南地区电离层不规则体纬向漂移速度的观测和研究

根据中国海南富克(19.3°N,109.1°E)三点GPS观测系统2007年3月至11月的观测数据,利用互相关方法分析了三站闪烁信号的时间延迟,得出了不规则体纬向漂移的基本特征.在中国海南地区,闪烁主要发生在春秋季节,夜间不规则体的纬向漂移速度以东向为主,大小在50～150 m/s之间;平均东向漂移速度随时间呈下降趋势.另外,在闪烁刚发生时,不规则体纬向速度起伏较大,这可能与不规则体的随机起伏以及等离子体泡产生时垂直速度较大有关.中国海南地区不规则体纬向漂移速度的这些基本特征与低纬其他地区的测量结果较为一致.     

阻力伞附加质量与阻力系数修正方法

在阻力伞试验,特别是高速滑车试验过程中,由于阻力伞系统作非匀加速的非定常运动以及前置体尾流场的影响,现有的阻力伞试验数据计算方法已经难以准确计算其阻力系数.本文针对阻力伞试验过程中的这种非定常运动和尾流干扰特性,对阻力伞系统进行了动力学分析,并对阻力伞非定常运动过程中的附加质量和尾流场特性进行了理论研究,提出了阻力伞双...     

Multi-wavelength coordinated observations of ionospheric irregularity structures from an anomaly crest location during unusual solar minimum of the 24th cycle

The present paper reports coordinated ionospheric irregularity measurements at optical as well as GPS wavelengths. Optical measurements were obtained from Tiny Ionospheric Photometer (TIP) sensors installed onboard the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC) satellites. GPS radio signals were obtained from a dual frequency GPS receiver operational at Calcutta (22.58°N, 88.38°E geographic; geomagnetic dip: 32.96°; 13.00°N, 161.63°E geomagnetic) under the SCIntillation Network Decision Aid (SCINDA) program. Calcutta is located near the northern crest of Equatorial Ionization Anomaly (EIA) in the Indian longitude sector. The observations were conducted during the unusually low and prolonged solar minima period of 2008–2010. During this period, four cases of post-sunset GPS scintillation were observed from Calcutta. Among those cases, simultaneous fluctuations in GPS Carrier-to-Noise ratios (C/N_o) and measured radiances from TIP over a common ionospheric volume were observed only on February 2, 2008 and September 25, 2008. Fluctuations observed in measured radiances (maximum 0.95 Rayleigh) from TIP due to ionospheric irregularities were found to correspond well with C/N₀ fluctuations on the GPS links observed from Calcutta, such effects being noted even during late evening hours of 21:00–22:00 LT from locations around 40° magnetic dip. These measurements indicate the existence of electron density irregularities of scale sizes varying over several decades from 135.6 nm to 300–400 m well beyond the northern crest of the EIA in the Indian longitude sector during late evening hours even in the unusually low solar activity conditions.     

视觉检测系统定位误差分离及修正技术探讨

介绍了视觉检测系统中的机械定位系统，讨论了两种定位方法──“硬件定位”（机械定位）及“软件定位”（定位误差的修正和补偿技术）。     

卫星指令控制系统中的信息反馈校验监督

本文讨论采用信息反馈校验方式的卫星指令控制系统的信息反馈校验监督能力问题。提出了关于信息反馈校验指令控制系统的最佳监督概念和校验监督能力的概率表示。还讨论了改善系统校验监督能力的途径。利用本文给出的概率分析方法,可以完成系统性能的评价。     

码分复用系统的纠错码

依据有限域直和与有限环同构的代数性质，对多路复用系统构造线性分组码。其特点是既实现码分复用，又具有纠错能力，提高系统的传输可靠性。合路器是一种同构映射运算，将ｍ路有限域上的线性分组码唯一地映射成有限环上的单一码字，实现在宽带信道上同时传输ｍ路数据。收端经逆映射完成分路，一旦发生信道传输错误时，译码器在各码纠错能力范围内实现纠错。文中叙述了复用系统线性分组码的编译码方法，给出了同构映射运算的算法。