中碳回火钢疲劳小裂纹扩展微观特性的探讨

对超强钢(M4340)和中强钢(SCM435)[1]疲劳小裂纹扩展特性的分析表明,当微观结构以马氏体板条束为主,则微观结构小裂纹长度与原奥氏体晶粒或马氏体板条束尺寸都有很好的相关性,所以,减小这两种微观结构单元尺寸的冶金和热处理都可使微观结构小裂纹长度降低,从而改善材料的疲劳小裂纹扩展的抗力。     

Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect and the dust emission in the galaxy clusters

It is shown that if the dust is present in the hot intergalactic gas, the galaxy cluster must be very bright source of far infrared emission. This emission can be observed by modern IR astronomy methods. At the same time, taking realistic assumptions about the intergalactic dust nature, it is impossible to explain negative results of the attempts made at observational detecting the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect in the centimeter wavelength region as the compensation of the expected decrements by the dust grains emission.     

Aerodynamic performance of hovering micro revolving wings in ground and ceiling effects at low Reynolds number

Numerous investigations have been conducted to understand the wall effects on rotors. The purpose of this study is to further investigate the aerodynamic performance of revolving wings, especially when it is very close to the ground and ceiling (i.e., less than half the wingspan) at low Reynolds numbers. Hence, the ground and ceiling effect for hovering micro revolving wings at low Reynolds numbers are investigated by improving the theoretical models. The theoretical model for the ground effect is established based on the wall-jet assumption, and that for the ceiling effect is improved by considering the uneven spanwise distribution of induced velocity. These two models are validated by comparing the results of experiments and CFD simulations with the Lattice-Boltzmann Method (LBM). Both ground and ceiling effects are found helpful to enhance the thrust, especially with small wing-wall distances, by making a difference to the induced velocity and the pressure distribution. By comparing the thrust generation and aerodynamic efficiency between the ground and ceiling effects, the former is found more helpful to the thrust augmentation, and the latter is more beneficial for the aerodynamic efficiency promotion.     

Numerical simulation of hypersonic thermochemical nonequilibrium flows using nonlinear coupled constitutive relations

To predict aeroheating performance of hypersonic vehicles accurately in thermochemical nonequilibrium flows accompanied by rarefaction effect, a Nonlinear Coupled Constitutive Relations (NCCR) model coupled with Gupta’s chemical models and Park’s two-temperature model is firstly proposed in this paper. Three typical cases are intensively investigated for further validation, including hypersonic flows over a two-dimensional cylinder, a RAM-C II flight vehicle and a type HTV-2 flight vehicle. The results predicted by NCCR solution, such as heat flux coefficient and electron number densities, are in better agreement with those of direct simulation Monte Carlo or flight data than Navier-Stokes equations, especially in the extremely nonequilibrium regions, which indicates the potential of the newly-developed solution to capture both thermochemical and rarefied nonequilibrium effects. The comparisons between the present solver and NCCR model without a two-temperature model are also conducted to demonstrate the significance of vibrational energy source term in the accurate simulation of high-Mach flows.     

Climatology of global,hemispheric and regional electron content variations during the solar cycles 23 and 24

We present the results of study on the variations of ionospheric total electron content (TEC) by using global, hemispheric, and regional electron contents computed from the global ionospheric maps (GIMs) for the period from 1999 to 2020. For a low and moderate solar activity, the global and regional electron contents vary linearly with solar 10.7 cm radio flux and EUV flux. While a saturation effect in the electron content verses EUV and F10.7 is found during the high solar activity periods at all regions, the maximum effect is observed at low-latitudes followed by high and mid-latitudes region. The extent of saturation effect is more pronounced for F10.7 as compared to EUV. A wavelet transform is applied to global and hemispheric electron contents to examine the relative strength of different variations. The semi-annual variations dominate in the northern hemisphere, whereas annual variations dominate in the southern counterpart. The amplitude of annual variations in southern hemisphere is found to be higher than northern counterpart at all latitudes. This asymmetry in the amplitude of annual variation is maximum at low-latitudes, followed by mid and high-latitudes, respectively. The semi-annual variations are in-phase in both hemisphere and follow the solar cycle. The northern hemisphere depicts relatively large amplitude of semi-annual variations and exhibit the maximum effect at high-latitudes.     

空间太阳能发电和微波与电离层相互作用

本文第一部分研究了空间太阳能热发电，基于所提的评价动力系统的准则，比较了三种热力学系统，并给出了一些参数变化对闭式回热Ｂｒａｙｔｏｎ循环系统的影响，本文第二部分对微波速对电离层中电子的加速和受热进行了数值研究，得出了一些结果。     

雷达侦察设备测量信号极化的方法

论述侦收测量信号极化的重要性，并介绍信号极化的基本参数和测量方法。指出测量极化能帮助分离反射和干扰离散脉冲，加深理解被侦收雷达的功能，并对电子情报数据进行分析。     

5cm高稳频介质谐振器振荡源的研究与设计

介绍了Ｃ波段介质稳频振荡器的相关理论，给出一系列决定振荡器频率的理论公式，并通过设计实例证明了反馈型振荡器具有易于设计、调试及批生产的工程应用特性，同时发现该振荡器的另一优良特性：低相位噪声。     

预防CMOS电路锁定效应的措施

对ＣＭＯＳ集成器件的锁定效应从结构上进行了分析，提出了电压触发型销定和电流积累型销定的观点，阐述了ＣＭＯＳ电路系统的保护、使用方法。防锁定效应的措施。实际使用表明，所提出的防锁定效应的措施是有效的。     

外流干扰对气动塞式喷管性能影响的数值模拟研究

本文首先对气动塞式喷管内外流干扰的机理进行了分析，在此基础上对流干扰对气动塞式喷管性能的影响进行了数值模拟研究，数值方法采用NND格式求解二维NS方程，对于不同的背压和来流马赫数条件进行量的数值实验，通过计算揭示了不同外流条件下气动塞式喷管的流动特征以及外流干扰对喷管性能的影响规律，本文的计算结果可以为气动塞式喷管的设计和性能预后提供参考。