双翼尖涡Rayleigh—Ludwieg不稳定性实验研究

采用一种结构化矩形直机翼涡发生器产生一对大小不同、方向相反的翼尖涡,调节双涡涡量的大小比例Г1／Г2及其间距b,触发两涡Rayleigh—Ludwieg不稳定性。实验采用流动显示方法定性观察双涡相互作用过程,通过二维PIV（粒子成像测速）系统定量研究双涡相互作用特征,得到双翼尖涡中主涡及次涡的运动特性、环量-时间特性。对不同实验参数下残余环量比例进行分析,发现双涡涡量大小比例Г1／Г2在1．3～1．4、b为50ram时双涡相交削弱效果良好,能够实现翼尖涡强序削弱程度扶30％～40％。     

高超声速边界层流动稳定性实验研究

高超声速条件下边界层转捩相关研究是近年来空气动力学领域的研究热点。通过采用基于纳米粒子示踪平面激光散射(Nano-tracer-based planar laser scattering,NPLS)技术以及温敏漆等测试技术,对高超声速边界层的流动稳定性开展了实验研究。通过NPLS技术,对圆锥边界层中第二模态波精细结构进行了测量,并基于时间相关的测量结果,对第二模态波的波长和频率进行了分析。针对裙锥边界层NPLS结果,计算了特定位置上功率谱空间分布结果,测量得到了高次谐波成分。通过温敏漆和NPLS结果,发现主导三角翼前缘边界层转捩的模态为行进横流模态,分析了该模态的特性,并且与Kulite传感器测量得到的频率进行比较。     

锥形液膜空间稳定性分析

对离心喷嘴喷出的锥形液膜做了空间不稳定性分析,导出了锥形液膜的色散方程,并对色散方程进行了数值求解和分析研究。研究结果表明,在液膜表面存在着对称扰动波和反对称扰动波。对于对称扰动波,液膜半锥角的增大使得液膜的不稳定范围和波增长率缩小,并且将扰动波的主波向长波的方向移动。而反对称扰动波既有类似于对称扰动波的变化规律,又有其自身的特点。仅考虑液膜曲率半径的变化时,半锥角的增大使得波增长率的减小趋缓。而同时考虑曲率半径和液膜形状的变化时,液膜的波增长率出现了两个局部峰值。这两个峰值分别对应长短不同的两个波长,并且短波的稳定范围和增长率均远小于长波。这说明锥形液膜的破碎受到两种长短不同的扰动波的共同影响,且在短波的影响下液膜更易破碎。      

液体火箭发动机再生冷却槽寿命预估

基于有限元热结构耦合计算结果分析了液体火箭发动机再生冷却槽的失效形式,并分别采用Porowski模型及其蠕变修正模型对冷却槽进行寿命预估.结果表明冷却槽寿命主要取决于塑性拉伸不稳定失效;蠕变对寿命有一定影响,是寿命预估不可或缺的一部分;减小外壳与内壁的温差幅值、增大每个冷却槽的肋宽比或增加冷却槽数目可以延长寿命.该寿命预估方法可用于指导可重复使用液体火箭发动机再生冷却槽设计.      

推力室中压力剧烈振荡区域的燃烧特性分析

在不施加任何扰动的情况下,对液氧/煤油双组元液体火箭发动机模型燃烧室进行三维非稳态数值模拟,获得了其中的压力自激振荡现象。基于定义的能够辨识定容和定压燃烧特征的第三邓克尔数分析了压力剧烈振荡区域的燃烧特性。结果表明,在压力剧烈振荡区域内,第三邓克尔数取值很大,即发生了准定容燃烧或介于定容和定压之间的燃烧过程。可见尽管液体火箭发动机燃烧室整体表现为定压燃烧特性,但在头部附近区域出现了局部具有非定压特性的燃烧过程,其产生的压力膨胀波来不及迅速传播而使当地的压力迅速升高,形成了定容弹效应,从而导致了燃烧不稳定性的发生。该压力峰的传播及其与室壁相互作用在燃烧室中产生声学不稳定性,与研究燃烧不稳定性的定容弹试验机理相同。     

临界雷诺数区准椭圆形覆冰导线风压特性研究

采用刚性模型进行测压试验,得到了不同雷诺数下准椭圆形覆冰导线的风压分布规律,通过对比平均风荷载、脉动风荷载及风荷载谱等参数,分析了雷诺数对风荷载以及横风向驰振稳定性的影响。当雷诺数达到临界区,与亚临界区的对应值相比,平均阻力系数下降、平均升力系数随风向角变化幅度大且在某些对称工况产生横风向平均升力系数;平均风压系数分布对风向角等参数更为敏感。旋涡脱落由亚临界区的规则脱落变为不规则脱落,周向风压相关性减弱,特征频率消失。临界区内平均升力系数急剧的下降段使得结构更易发生横风向驰振。     

Cross-Scale Coupling Within Rolled-Up MHD-Scale Vortices and Its Effect on Large Scale Plasma Mixing Across the Magnetospheric Boundary

Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability (KHI) is an MHD-scale instability that grows in a velocity shear layer such as the low-latitude boundary layer of the magnetosphere. KHI is driven unstable when a velocity shear is strong enough to overcome the stabilization effect of magnetic field. When the shear is significantly strong, vortices in the nonlinear stage of KHI is so rolled-up as to situate magnetospheric plasma outward of the magnetosheath plasma and vice versa. The big question is if such highly rolled-up vortices contribute significantly to the plasma transport across the boundary and to the filling of the plasma sheet by cool magnetosheath component, which is observed under northward Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) condition. Here we review our recent results from two-fluid simulations of MHD-scale KHI with finite electron inertia taken into account. The results indicate that there is coupling between the MHD-scale dynamics and electron-scale dynamics in the rolled-up stage of the vortices. While the details differ depending on the initial magnetic geometry, the general conclusion is that there is significant modification of the MHD-scale vortex flow pattern via coupling to the micro-physics. The kick-back from the parasitic micro-physics enhances highly the potential for large-scale plasma mixing of the parent MHD-scale vortices, which is prohibited by definition in ideal-MHD. We also review our recent 3-D MHD simulation results indicating that KHI vortex can indeed roll-up in the magnetotail-flank situation despite the strong stabilization by the lobe magnetic field. These results encouraged us to search for evidence of rolled-up vortices in the Cluster formation flying observations. As reviewed in this paper, a nice event was found during northward IMF interval. This interval is when the plasma transport via large scale reconnection becomes less efficient. The finding supports the argument that KHI is playing some role in transporting solar wind into the magnetosphere when the normal mode of transport cannot dominate.     

On Nonlinear-Evolution of C-type Instability in Nonparallel Boundary Layers

The process of evolution, especially that of nonlinear evolution, of C-type instability of laminar-turbulent flow transition in nonparallel boundary layers are studied by means of a newly developed method called parabolic stability equations （PSE）. Initial conditions, which are very important for the nonlinear problem, are investigated by computing initial solution of the harmonic waves, modifying the mean-flow-distortion, and giving initial value of TS wave and its subharmonic waves at initial station by solving linear PSE. A numerical method with high-order accuracy are developed in the text, the key normalization conditions in the PSE are satisfied, and nonlinear PSE are solved efficiently and implemented stably by the spatial marching. It has been shown that the computed process of nonlinear evolution of C-type instability in Blasius boundary layer is in good agreement with the experimental results.     

不同速度波动下氢含量变化对氢气-甲烷钝体火焰燃烧不稳定性的影响

针对燃气轮机贫燃预混条件下容易产生燃烧不稳定问题,探究了不同氢含量对氢气-甲烷混合气钝体火焰燃烧不稳定性的影响,用于获得燃烧不稳定性的控制方法.通过像增强相机(ICCD)、光电倍增管(PMT)、卡塞格林定点采集等装置获得火焰图像,并借助火焰传递函数描述火焰对声场的响应特性.由此得到了不同速度波动A下氢气含量变化(0％,...     

低雷诺数条件下跨声速转子轴向倾斜缝处理机匣扩稳研究

采用非定常数值方法对低雷诺数条件下50%,75%和100%三种不同轴向叠合量的轴向倾斜缝处理机匣结构对NASA Rotor 37跨声速压气机转子的扩稳效果进行了研究.结果表明,引入处理机匣后,附面层径向涡得到了很好的抑制,由附面层径向涡所引发的叶顶阻塞区大为减小,虽然又引发了由叶顶间隙涡对叶顶所造成的阻塞,但引入处理机匣后对压气机稳定性仍有较大的改善,能有效提高压气机转子的失速裕度.