样品温度对原子氧环境下ITO/Kapton/Al涂层性能变化的影响

文章利用原子氧环境地面模拟设备对航天器用材料ITO/Kapton/Al开展了原子氧环境试验研究。研究中选择的原子氧积分通量为9.1×1019 atoms/cm2,试验真空度为10-2 Pa量级,样品温度分别选取为25℃、70℃、100℃、120℃和150℃,研究样品温度对原子氧环境模拟试验可能造成的影响。试验后利用高精度微量电子天平对样品进行了质量损失测试并计算了材料的反应率,利用TEMP 2000A便携热发射率测试仪和LPSR 300便携光谱太阳吸收率测试仪分别对样品的发射率和太阳吸收比进行了测试。通过试验及分析发现:ITO膜对基底材料的保护较好,材料在试验后质量损失较少,原子氧反应率较低;样品温度的变化对ITO/Kapton/Al材料的质量损失影响较小,但对材料的热物理性质影响较大。     

一种燃油箱绿色惰化系统地面惰化性能分析

在描述一种采用催化燃烧产生惰气来降低油箱气相空间氧体积分数的新型绿色惰化工作原理基础上,设计了绿色惰化系统流程,通过一定的假设和简化建立了其数学模型并进行了求解.将结果与采用中空纤维膜产生富氮气体的机载惰化系统进行了比较,结果显示:当绿色惰化系统中抽吸气的流量与中空纤维膜惰化所产生富氮气体流量一致时,前者惰化效果远好于后者.同时,还研究了催化反应器效率和预热气体抽取比例对绿色惰化系统的影响,结果表明:提高反应器效率可有效缩短达到安全氧体积分数所需的时间,且最终油箱气相空间氧体积分数会降低,而选取合适的预热气体抽取比例可以减少系统能耗.      

低温燃气弹射内弹道影响因素的数值研究

针对某低温燃气式弹射装置,建立简化二次燃烧物理模型,采用重整化群k-ε湍流模型模拟流场流动、以有限速率/涡耗散燃烧模型模拟气相燃烧、以域动分层法动网格更新技术模拟导弹运动,数值分析得到了发射筒内载荷与内弹道特性.结果表明:在满足内弹道设计要求的条件下,燃气发生器喷管入口总温包络区间为0.538~1.231,且随着总温的增加,二次反应时间和导弹出筒时间减小,导弹出筒速度增加;发射筒内氧气质量分数包络区间为0.07~0.30,且随着氧气质量分数的增加,二次反应发生时间和导弹出筒时间提前,导弹出筒速度增加.研究结果可为低温燃气式弹射内弹道分析和结构设计提供理论基础.      

反台晶体及其应用

介绍了应用离子束刻蚀技术制作高基频反台晶体谐振器及反台晶体谐振器的应用。     

An ion analyzer for the lunar surface with E-parallel–B

We present a novel instrument concept to measure the energy and mass spectra of ions incident on the lunar surface, based on the E-parallel–B or Thomson-parabola device used extensively as a diagnostic in the plasma fusion community. The Apollo-era Suprathermal Ion Detector Experiment (SIDE) was the first instrument package to perform in-situ measurements of ions incident on the lunar surface. The ions can originate from a variety of sources, including the solar wind, the Earth’s magnetotail, and photoionization of the thin lunar atmosphere. The species and energy distribution of ions arriving at the lunar surface depend in a complicated and poorly-understood fashion on the phase of the lunar day, the position of the Moon with respect to the Earth, and on the local plasma environment.     

Ion engine grids: Function,main parameters,issues, configurations,geometries, materials and fabrication methods

Ion optics are crucial components of ion thrusters and the study of the different ion extraction solutions used since the beginning of the electric propulsion era is essential to understand the evolution of ion engines. This work describes ion engine grids' main functions, parameters and issues related to thermal expansion and sputter erosion, and then introduces a review of ion optics used for significant launched and tested ion thrusters since 1970. Configurations, geometries, materials and fabrication methods are analyzed to understand when typical ion thrusters use two or three grids, what are the thicknesses and aperture sizes of the screen, accelerator and decelerator grids, why molybdenum and carbon-based materials such as pyrolytic graphite and carbon–carbon are the best available options for ion optics and what is the manufacturing method for each material.     

Structure and kinetic properties of slow-mode shocks associated with magnetic reconnection in the near-Earth magnetotail

We study the structure and kinetic properties of slow-mode shocks near the plasma sheet boundary layer (PSBL) associated with magnetic reconnection by Cluster observation. The presence of slow-mode shocks is confirmed by traditional Rankine–Hugoniot (RH) analysis and Monte-Carlo shock fitting method. The Walén analysis, applied to the tailward flow associated with slow-mode shocks, also supports that plasma was accelerated across a Petschek-type slow-mode shock connected to the diffusion region. Back-streaming ions were observed on the shock layer, and cold ions were accelerated and heated by slow-mode shocks. In addition, whistler and electrostatic solitary waves were observed around the slow-mode shocks. These waves might be excited by the observed field-aligned electron beams near the shocks.     

Particle simulation of grid system for krypton ion thrusters

The transport processes of plasmas in grid systems of krypton (Kr) ion thrusters at different acceleration voltages were simulated with a 3D-PIC model, and the result was compared with xenon (Xe) ion thrusters. The variation of the screen grid transparency, the accelerator grid current ratio and the divergence loss were explored. It is found that the screen grid transparency increases with the acceleration voltage and decreases with the beam current, while the accelerator grid current ratio and divergence loss decrease first and then increase with the beam current. This result is the same with Xe ion thrusters. Simulation results also show that Kr ion thrusters have more advantages than Xe ion thrusters, such as higher screen grid transparency, smaller accelerator grid current ratio, larger cut-off current threshold, and better divergence loss characteristic. These advantages mean that Kr ion thrusters have the ability of operating in a wide range of current. Through comprehensive analyses, it can be concluded that using Kr as propellant is very suitable for a multi-mode ion thruster design.     

相对论性离子束（环束）流引起的电磁不稳定性

在相对论性框架下，研究了冷离子流产生的右旋共振模，非共振模电磁不稳定性的特征结果表明，非共振模不稳定性增长率受离子流初始参数影响较大，而右旋共振模的增长率则受离子流初始参数影响较小。此结果可应用于太阳高能离子流通过低日冕区和地球磁层辐射带俘获的高能质子情形。     

微藻反应器用于水气净化与产氧的功能验证

将微藻和电去离子技术引入密闭生态系统,设计单元反应器旨在验证其在空气再生、水净化和潜在食物的生产。在反应器中对尿液进行消解和NH4＋硝化转化得到超过90%NH4＋-N硝化为NO-3-N-的培养液适宜于螺旋藻养殖并获得高质量的微藻生物量;此时,CO2的平均吸收速率VCO2=458.6 mL/m3·min、O2产生速率VO2=616.5 mL/m3·min,即螺旋藻的同化系数VCO2/VO2≈0.74,接近人的呼吸系数VCO2/VO2=0.86;EDI法水净化率97%可直接回用。结果表明：该体系能实现CO2吸收、O2释放和螺旋藻生物量的生产,同时将水净化。