非对称来流下隔离段内激波串受迫振荡流动实验研究

为探讨超燃冲压发动机隔离段内激波串受迫振荡区域壁面压力脉动特性,用非对称马赫数1.98的隔离段直连实验研究了低频周期性的脉动反压对隔离段内流动的影响.实验结果表明:隔离段能有效地隔离周期性反压脉动对上游未扰动流场的影响;反压脉动以第二特征波速向上游传播并影响了上游的壁面压力脉动,但在激波振荡区域,压力脉动主要受激波振荡的影响;厚附面层一侧的下壁面激波振荡区域内压力脉动前传时以指数规律衰减;薄附面层的上壁面激波振荡区域内压力脉动前传时却是波动的.     

超声速反向混合实验及其压力温度测量

对超声速反向射流混合加热方案进行实验验证。实验结果表明:控制向燃烧室注入水雾的流量可以方便地调节燃烧室的温度和压力;用双路氢氧进气系统易于实现稳定的点火和燃烧。用热电偶测量混合前后的流场温度分布的初步结果表明,反向射流混合方案基本可行。     

单边膨胀喷管几何参数对内特性和流场的影响

采用三维数值模拟方法研究了单边膨胀喷管(SERN)主要几何参数对其内特性和流场的影响,计算结果表明:侧壁的延伸对SERN的轴向推力系数Cfa是有益的,但过大的侧壁浸湿面积会产生大的摩擦损失从而使推力性能下降;其中部分封闭侧壁的性能要略微高于全封闭式侧壁,而相比于短侧壁,其Cfa的优势在2％左右;此外,侧壁的延伸可以有效降低设计点的推力矢量角δp;长的曲壁模型拥有高Cfa的同时其δp处于较低的水平,在设计点条件下,最高Cfa可达0.983,这与传统的轴对称喷管和二元收扩喷管相差不大;在高落压比条件下,大的喷管喉道宽高比可以有效降低气流展向膨胀损失从而具有高的Cfa和低的δp,而且其优势随NPR的增大而增加.     

趋于临界马赫数的圆柱跨声速绕流特性分析

通过深化认识趋于临界马赫数Ma_cr的圆柱跨声速绕流特性,明确新型飞行器增升减阻设计的空气动力学理论依据。采用大涡模拟方法数值研究了来流马赫数Ma_∞为0.75和0.85、雷诺数Re为2×10⁵的圆柱跨声速绕流。结果表明:当Ma_∞趋于临界马赫数(Ma_cr≈0.9)时,圆柱的阻力下降且升力系数振荡被抑制;通过力的分解,得知圆柱的阻力减小来自旋涡力的影响,而非可压缩性;圆柱的阻力减小与其背压上升有关;剪切层初始阶段的对流马赫数Ma_c随Ma_∞的增加而增大,而增长率相反,这使得剪切层更为稳定、柱体背压更高。此外,由于Ma_∞=0.85时边界层分离点处的激波和尾迹处的激波向下游推移,使得近尾迹处的湍流脉动减弱,进而导致柱体的表面压力振荡和升力系数振荡被抑制。     

转动干版的平面波多光束全息干涉计量的研究

本文提出了一种转动干版的多光束全息干涉计量术，用于测量试件的三维振幅场，该全息干涉计量术采用的光路系统具有空间分布的三束平面波物光和一束平面波参考光，它借助于一个可使干版作任意角度转动的特殊装置，在一张干版上记录振动体同一谐振频率的三个独立的时间平均全息图，再现时，该干版用原参考光照射，并分别转到记录时的三个原始位置，则可得到三个时间平均干涉图，利用有关的物理模型，便可导出求解被测物体上任一点的振     

TDMA扩谱通信系统中精同步的实现与性能分析

扩谱通信中一个最基本的任务就是实现本机的伪随机信号与接收的伪随机信号的同步。本文讨论了一种新的精同步方法,这种方法不同于目前常用的延迟锁定环和τ-抖动环,它采用了声表面波(SAW)卷积器作为接收机的可编程匹配滤波器,利用相关峰位置偏移而得到了本机时钟脉冲的相位调整,从而解决了一类时分多址(TDMA)传输突发信息符号的扩谱通信系统的精同步问题。文中概述了两种精同步的方法,分析和计算了它们的同步性能,并给出了一种同步方法的实验结果和数据。     

Location of layered structures in the ionosphere and atmosphere by use of GPS occultation data

A method is introduced to locate the layered structures in the atmosphere and ionosphere based on simultaneous observations of radio wave intensity and phase variations in trans-ionospheric satellite-to-satellite links. The method determines location of a tangent point on the trans-ionospheric ray trajectory where gradient of refractivity is perpendicular to the ray trajectory and influence of a layered structure on radio wave parameters is maximal. An estimate of the location of a layer can be obtained from a combination of the phase and intensity variations. This new technique was applied to measurements provided during FORMOSAT-3 and CHAMP radio occultation (RO) missions. For the considered RO events the location of the inclined plasma layer in the lower ionosphere is found and the electron density distribution is retrieved. The method is checked by measuring the location of the tangent point on the ray trajectory in the neutral gas in the atmosphere. The results showed a fairly good agreement.     

Standing Alfvén waves with m ≫ 1 in a dipole magnetosphere with moving plasma and aurorae

The structure of standing Alfvén waves with large azimuthal wave numbers (m ? 1) is studied in a dipole model of the magnetosphere with rotating plasma. In the direction across magnetic shells the structure of such waves is determined by their dispersion associated with curvature of geomagnetic field lines and corresponds to the travelling wave localized between toroidal and poloidal resonant surfaces. In projection into the ionosphere (along geomagnetic field lines) this structure is similar to the structure of a discrete auroral arc. The azimuthal structure of an auroral arc is similar to azimuthal structure of Alfvén waves with m ∼ 100. Possible interaction mechanisms between the Alfvén waves and energetic electron fluxes forming auroral arcs are discussed.     

Theoretical properties of offset bipolar electric field solitary structures in space plasmas

The bipolar electric field solitary (EFS) structures have been frequently observed in the near Earth plasma regions, such as auroral zone, magnetopause, cusp regions, and magneto-tail. Sometimes these structures are observed as offset bipolar structures. In this paper, the properties of the offset bipolar EFS structures parallel to the magnetic field are studied with an ion fluid model in a cylindrical symmetry by considering electrostatic condition. The model results show that the offset bipolar EFS structures can develop from both ion-acoustic waves and ion cyclotron waves, and propagate along the magnetic field line in the space plasmas if plasma satisfies some conditions. The offset bipolar EFS structures can have both polarities. It will be first negative pulse and then positive pulse if the initial electric field E₀ < 0 or reverse in order if E₀ > 0. The amplitude of the offset bipolar EFS structures first decreases and then increases with the wave propagation velocity. Some results from our model are consistent with the observations.     

Response of the mid-latitude D-region ionosphere to the total solar eclipse of 22 July 2009 studied using VLF signals in South Korean peninsula

In this paper, we analyze VLF signals received at Busan to study the the D-region changes linked with the solar eclipse event of 22 July 2009 for very short (∼390 km) transmitter–receiver great circle path (TRGCP) during local noon time 00:36–03:13 UT (09:36–12:13 KST). The eclipse crossed south of Busan with a maximum obscuration of ∼84%. Observations clearly show a reduction of ∼6.2 dB in the VLF signal strength at the time of maximum solar obscuration (84% at 01:53 UT) as compared to those observed on the control days. Estimated values of change in Wait ionospheric parameters: reflection height (h′) in km and inverse scale height parameter (β) in km⁻¹ from Long Wave Propagation Capability (LWPC) model during the maximum eclipse phase as compared to unperturbed ionosphere are 7 km and 0.055 km⁻¹, respectively. Moreover, the D-region electron density estimated from model computation shows 95% depletion in electron density at the height of ∼71 km. The reflection height is found to increase by ∼7 km in the D-region during the eclipse as compared to those on the control days, implying a depletion in the Lyman-α flux by a factor of ∼7. The present observations are discussed in the light of current understanding on the solar eclipse induced D-region dynamics.