基于增强现实的动态红外视景生成技术

动态红外视景生成是红外成像制导半实物仿真的关键技术,将基于增强现实的虚拟场景技术应用于动态红外视景生成过程中,可以较有效地提高生成的场景的真实感,减少自然背景模拟的复杂程度。针对红外场景的特殊性,描述了增强现实技术在红外视景仿真中的运用过程,为解决虚实结合的几何和辐射一致性问题,推导了红外热像仪几何和辐射度的标定。     

Performance of GPS-based accelerometry: A simulation experiment

Recent studies have shown that with the availability of high-quality CHAMP and GRACE gravity field models, it is feasible to determine accurate non-gravitational accelerations for low Earth orbiting satellites indirectly from precise GPS satellite-to-satellite observations. Possible applications of this so-called GPS-based accelerometry approach consist of accelerometer calibration and atmospheric density and wind computations. With the growing number of high-quality space-borne GPS receivers, this method could be applied to a large range of satellites. In this paper an extensive simulation study has been carried out, based on real accelerometer data from the GRACE mission, in order to determine the optimal processing strategy and the resulting accuracy of the estimated non-gravitational accelerations. It is shown that the optimal processing strategy consists of a piecewise linear parameterization of the estimated empirical accelerations, together with short 6-h orbit arcs. The GPS-based accelerometry approach makes use of triple-differenced GPS observations and the impact of considering the correlated observation noise was found to be marginal in the presence of other error sources such as GPS ephemeris errors. Using a priori non-gravitational force models improves the recovery of low temporal resolution accelerations, except during huge geomagnetic storms. With this strategy, non-gravitational accelerations can be recovered during high solar activity with an accuracy of better than 10% of the total signal in along-track direction and around 25–40% in cross-track direction, at time resolutions of around 8–20 min. During solar minimum conditions, the relative recovery error will increase to approximately 50% in along-track direction and around 60–70% in cross-track direction, due to the reduced atmospheric drag signal. Unfortunately, GPS-based accelerometry is hardly sensitive in the radial direction.     

活塞式航空发动机的优化与标定

联合发动机循环模拟与标定技术建立小型活塞航空发动机动力性和经济性的多目标优化模型。对校验后的BOOST模型进行DOE(Design of Experiment)正交试验,对试验数据进行统计数学建模,并对局部模型误差进行控制,进行响应面模型分析,通过MBC(Model-Based Calibration)工具箱进行优化标定,选用经济适用的NBI(Normal Boundary Inter-section)进行多目标优化.给出了优化的点火提前角、喷油量的MAP图,优化参数对扭矩和燃油消耗等目标的响应面模型,对提升小型航空发动机性能有重要的参考价值.     

非均匀采样系统时基失真的一种新评价方法

提出了在多A/D合成采样系统这种非均匀采样系统中,使用时基微分非线性和时基积分非线性概念评价采样时基失真的新方法.使用正弦波激励系统,将各个子A/D的数据分别抽取形成子抽样序列,用最小二乘正弦波曲线拟合法,获得各个子抽样序列初始相位差,该相位差对应的时间差,即是各个子A/D间的采样延迟时间,它们的一致性,即是系统的采样均匀性,体现了时基失真特性,用时基微分非线性和时基积分非线性描述.在一组仿真数据上进行的实验验证了方法的正确性.在数字存储示波器的实测数据上进行的实验验证了方法的可行性.方法可以用来评价非均匀采样系统的采样时基失真.     

水听器复数灵敏度的激光法校准

利用激光测振技术直接检测声场作用下的水介质质点振速,通过推算得到声场中该点声压的幅值和相位,从而可精确校准水听器的复数灵敏度.利用该技术,我们在10～100 kHz频段建立了一套水听器复数灵敏度的校准装置.本文简要介绍了装置的校准原理、方法以及各组成部分,并对Φ20球形水听器进行实验测试.结果表明,激光测振技术是一种有效的校准水听器复数灵敏度的方法,校准结果具有很高的精度.     

A compact, light-weight high data-rate antenna system for remote-sensing orbiters and space exploration

Upcoming space missions utilizing hyperspectral or other high-resolution sensors will generate a vast amount of data in orbit. The average communication duration between a spacecraft in low Earth orbit (LEO) to a dedicated ground station is short and in addition, due to the high amount of data to be transferred at link times, a high-performance communication system on board of the satellite is indispensable.A solution that provides longer acquisition times with the ground station is to employ a high data-rate inter-satellite link to a geostationary relay satellite, which requires a flat, compact, steerable, light-weight yet robust antenna. Such an antenna system (antenna module plus pointing module) was developed for S-Band at the Institute of Astronautics (Technische Universität München), in cooperation with German space companies, research institutes and the German Aerospace Center (DLR). Its successful operation via the geostationary relay satellite Artemis was demonstrated in cooperation with ESA in 2007.This paper describes the evaluation of an antenna system in the Ka-Band, as a successor to be developed in the next two years for high data rates and the various applications of such an antenna system.     

多介质气体微小流量标准装置设计探讨

介绍了气体流量计量发展的特点及需求,提出建立一套多介质气体微小流量标准装置。结合实际装置指标需求,比较分析了常用气体流量标准原理特点,确定采用了PVTt法原理,根据设计指标需求及原理提出了多介质气体微小流量装置整体初步设计方案,并进行了测量不确定度分析。     

便携式多功能校准仪在专用测试设备现场校准中的应用

航天工程专用测试设备具有系统复杂、参数多、不易移动的特点,常用校准方法复杂度高、效率低、成本高。为保证航天工程科研生产的顺利进行,专用测试设备的准确可靠及可溯源性越来越受到研制、生产和使用方的重视,并介绍了五种常用的专用测试设备校准方法。并针对目前常用校准方法的不足,提出将便携式多功能校准仪应用在专用测试设备现场校准的新方法,给出了不确定度分析。     

用杆臂效应在轨标定加速度计标度因数的方法

针对加速度计标度因数在轨标定精度低、成本高,需要其他辅助设备且难以工程实现等问题,提出了一种利用杆臂效应在轨标定加速度计标度因数的方法。用该方法对加速度计进行在轨标定,只需要惯组旋转机构按照给定的速率匀速旋转,根据惯组内陀螺仪及加速度计的输出即可解算出加速度计的标度因数。分析了标定原理,建立了标定模型,推导了误差系数的分离算法。通过地面试验验证了方法的有效性。     

提高光学遥感卫星图像几何精度总体设计分析

针对如何提高我国光学遥感卫星图像几何定位精度问题,从影响几何成像质量的关键要素——内外方位元素出发,介绍地面几何处理方法,并基于多颗卫星研制、地面量测试验及在轨验证情况,对高分辨率光学遥感卫星和多线阵观测卫星的几何精度的星-地全链路影响误差项进行对比分析,通过理论分析找出了约束我国高分辨率遥感卫星几何精度的关键问题,最后探讨了如何通过星上设计配合地面处理提高高分辨率遥感卫星的几何精度。