电动伺服机构永磁同步电机的自抗扰控制

针对运载火箭电动伺服机构谐振频率过低,而传统陷波滤波器算法会降低系统的快速性问题,提出了一种基于自抗扰控制（ADRC）的微分前馈控制算法。在开环等效增益相近的情况下,比较了系统在传统PID控制和一阶ADRC控制方式下的阶跃响应和抗扰性能;对输入正弦指令的情况,比较了系统在比例+扩张状态观测器（ESO）和有限时间比例（FTP）+ESO这两种控制方式下有无输入微分前馈（IDF）的跟踪性能。仿真和实验结果均表明,在常规ADRC中引入IDF,可有效提高电动伺服机构对时变输入的跟踪精度。     

Constrained adaptive neural network control of an MIMO aeroelastic system with input nonlinearities

A constrained adaptive neural network control scheme is proposed for a multi-input and multi-output (MIMO) aeroelastic system in the presence of wind gust, system uncertainties, and input nonlinearities consisting of input saturation and dead-zone. In regard to the input nonlinear-ities, the right inverse function block of the dead-zone is added before the input nonlinearities, which simplifies the input nonlinearities into an equivalent input saturation. To deal with the equiv-alent input saturation, an auxiliary error system is designed to compensate for the impact of the input saturation. Meanwhile, uncertainties in pitch stiffness, plunge stiffness, and pitch damping are all considered, and radial basis function neural networks (RBFNNs) are applied to approximate the system uncertainties. In combination with the designed auxiliary error system and the backstep-ping control technique, a constrained adaptive neural network controller is designed, and it is pro-ven that all the signals in the closed-loop system are semi-globally uniformly bounded via the Lyapunov stability analysis method. Finally, extensive digital simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme towards flutter suppression in spite of the integrated effects of wind gust, system uncertainties, and input nonlinearities.     

基于迭代LMI的航天器的姿态静态输出反馈

研究了挠性航天器的姿态控制器设计问题。结合Lyapunov矩阵成形的不变椭圆,使用多目标综合技术集成干扰抑制,鲁棒稳定和控制输入约束问题。基于迭代的线性矩阵不等式(ILMI)给出了静态输出反馈控制器。仿真结果表明,该方法虽然具有一定的保守性,但可以较好的满足系统的鲁棒性能要求,对工程实现具有一定的参考价值。     

A composite disturbance observer and H_∞ control scheme for flexible spacecraft with measurement delay and input delay

In this paper, the attitude control algorithm of flexible spacecraft with unknown measurement delay and input delay based on disturbance observer is designed. The influence of measurement delay and input delay on the attitude control system and disturbance observer is analyzed. The disturbance estimation error equation is transformed into a differential system with a pure delay. Then, the observer gain is chosen based on the 3/2 stability theorem to ensure the stability and disturbance attenuation performance of the pure delay system. Next, the controller gain is designed based on the Linear Matrix Inequality(LMI) approach to guarantee the stability of the composite system and achieve H_∞ performance with two additive delays. The simulation results show that the proposed method can improve the anti-disturbance ability of the attitude control system.     

考虑未知输入饱和的指向约束姿态机动控制

针对航天器姿态机动过程中需要满足指向约束和输入饱和约束的问题,提出了一种基于视线轴导航函数和退步控制的控制算法。该算法通过在单位球面上建立视线轴对应的导航函数,并将该导航函数融入到退步控制律的设计过程中;同时通过设计辅助系统,结合李雅普诺夫稳定理论,设计出既能满足视线轴指向约束,又能满足输入饱和约束,同时对常值干扰进行估计并抑制的控制算法。仿真结果显示,提出的算法能同时处理指向约束和未知输入饱和约束,且对常值干扰具有抑制能力。     

改进型负输入成形主动振动控制

针对柔性结构的主动振动控制问题,提出了一种改进型负输入成形方法。该方法设计成形器的脉冲序列包含多个正负依次交替的脉冲,通过所选择的脉冲数目和系统振动频率与阻尼比构成封闭形式解来直接确定成形器。与正输入成形方法相比可以改善系统的上升时间,而与传统的负输入成形方法相比不需要对时间约束条件进行优化。改进型负输入成形器所包含的脉冲个数可以自由选择,具有设计简单、灵活的优点。将其通过柔性机械臂进行仿真验证,结果表明：所提出的方法有效且可以快速实现振动抑制。     

太阳帆航天器姿态机动的复合控制研究

输入成型法无法消除姿态机动过程中的柔性振动,残留的柔性振动将改变大柔性太阳帆航天器的结构参数,影响姿态机动的控制精度。为此,基于两种控制手段（作用于太阳帆中心的喷气和作用于支撑杆顶端的电推进）的组合,提出复合控制方法,以消除姿态机动过程中的柔性振动。采用将帆面质量等效到支撑杆的简化方法,建立太阳帆航天器姿态运动与柔性振动的耦合动力学模型,并从减小振动模态的外加激励出发,根据简化的动力学模型,得到了两种复合控制的设计方法：消除某一阶的柔性振动方法和减小前n（n>1）阶的柔性振动方法。仿真结果表明,相比输入成型法,第二种复合控制方法不但机动时间短,还能够将姿态机动过程中的柔性振动抑制到5%,使机动角度精度优于0.003°。由于仅利用已有的控制手段,复合控制方法算法简单,适合于实际应用。     

液体多模态晃动充液航天器姿态机动复合控制

主要研究多模态液体晃动时充液航天器大角度姿态机动动力学与控制问题。采用液体晃动弹簧质量等效力学模型将液体燃料前两阶液体晃动模态纳入到充液航天器耦合动力学模型中;根据动量矩守恒定律推导出充液航天器耦合系统动力学方程。针对充液航天器大角度姿态机动同时抑制燃料晃动的问题,采用自适应动态输出反馈的姿态控制方法并结合基于前馈控制的多模态ZVD输入成型器设计复合控制器。通过数值模拟给出了液体晃动响应及航天器姿态机动的时间历程图,数值仿真结果表明了本文所给出复合控制方法的有效性。     

Variable structure maneuvering control with time-varying sliding surface and active vibration damping of flexible spacecraft with input saturation

This paper presents a dual-stage control system design method for the three-axis-rotational maneuver and vibration stabilization of a spacecraft with flexible appendages embedded with piezoceramics as sensors/actuators. In this design approach, attitude control system and vibration suppression were designed separately using lower order model. The design of attitude controller was based on variable-structure control (VSC) theory leading to a discontinuous control law. To accomplish asymptotic attitude maneuvering in the closed-loop system and be insensitive to the interaction of elastic modes in the presence of unknown disturbances/uncertainty and input saturation as well, a switching mechanism is employed to design the attitude controller such that outside the sliding region VSC law with a time-varying sliding surface is implemented and inside the region the VSC law with a linear sliding surface is activated. Furthermore, a hyperbolic tangent function in conjunction with a sharpness function permitted to vary with time according to a set of user-defined parameters is implemented to offset the disadvantages of existing saturation-respecting controller and chattering. In addition, for actively damping the excited elastic vibrations during attitude maneuvering, modal velocity feedback and strain rate feedback control design methods are presented and compared by using piezoelectric materials as additional sensors and actuators bonded on the surface of the flexible appendages. Numerical simulations are performed to show that rotational maneuver and vibration suppression are accomplished in spite of the presence of disturbance torque, parameter uncertainty and control saturation nonlinearity.     

带有输入非线性的挠性航天器姿态机动变结构控制

针对挠性航天器反作用飞轮输入力矩受限情况下的姿态机动问题，提出了一种仅利用输出信息的变结构输出反馈控制方法。在基于非线性和低阶模态的动力学模型基础上，给出了滑模存在条件以及变结构输出反馈控制器设计的方法，并保证闭环系统渐近稳定；另外，为了避免确定不确定性和外干扰界函数上限的困难，又给出了一种自适应变结构输出反馈控制器的设计方法，并基于Lyapunov方法分析了滑动模态的存在性及稳定性。最后，将本文提出的两种控制方法应用于三轴稳定挠性航天器的姿态机动控制，并进行数值仿真研究。仿真结果表明：在反作用飞轮的控制受限条件下，完成姿态机动的同时，使得挠性附件的振动幅值远远小于0．001，有效地抑制挠性附件的振动。