应用于流管实验装置的传声器计量方法

流管实验需要应用大量传声器,对所有传声器分别计量很耗时,导致计量和实验时的环境变化,影响测量精度。针对这一问题,本文发展了一种现场传声器阵列计量方法。该方法利用 两支已经计量完毕的标准传声器的测量结果计算管内声场,然后比对待计量传声器的测量信号得到其灵敏度。该方法与传统计量方法相比,不仅可对实验台使用的所有传声器进行同时计量,而且可提供相位的校准。本文介绍了在流管实验装置上进行的计量实验,并对计量结果用模态匹配方法进行了校核,显示使用该计量方法得到的声压与计算结果吻合得更好。由于现场计量方法是对不同频率分别进行计量,且最终的复灵敏度包含了安装误差、不同传声器相位匹配等因素的影响,因此可以用精度较高的传声器对精度较低的传声器进行计量,从而为一些需要较多传声器的大型实验测量提供低成本的解决方案。     

High-temperature oxidation behavior and analysis of impedance spectroscopy of 7YSZ thermal barrier coating prepared by plasma spray-physical vapor deposition

Quasi-columnar structure 7YSZ(yttria stabilized zirconia) thermal barrier coatings(TBCs) are prepared by plasma spray-physical vapor deposition(PS-PVD) onto pretreated and un-pretreated bond coating, respectively. An isothermal oxidation experiment of 7YSZ TBCs is carried out in the atmosphere of 950 °C in order to simulate the high-temperature oxidation process of engine blades. The isothermal oxidation process of 7YSZ thermal barrier coatings is investigated systematically by impedance spectroscopy. The electrochemical physical model and equivalent circuit of columnar 7YSZ coatings are established. Results show that the isothermal oxidation kinetic curve of columnar 7YSZ thermal barrier coatings appears to follow the parabolic law. A pretreatment of bond coating can reduce the growth rate of the thermally grown oxide(TGO) layer, restraining the initiation and propagation of microcracks between YSZ and TGO layers. The oxidation rate constants of 7YSZ coatings with pretreated and un-pretreated bond coating are 0.101×10~(-12) cm~2·s~(-1) and 0.115 × 10~(-13) cm~2 ·s~(-1), respectively. Impedance analysis shows that the content of oxygen vacancies decreases and the density increases after the TGO layer is oxidized for 150 h. In addition, shrinkage microcracks formed by sintering during the oxidation process is the main reason for an increase of the capacitance and a decrease of the resistance in the grain boundary of YSZ.     

RPC-MIP: the Mutual Impedance Probe of the Rosetta Plasma Consortium

The main objective of the Mutual Impedance Probe (MIP), part of the Rosetta Plasma Consortium (RPC), is to measure the electron density and temperature of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko’s coma, in particular inside the contact surface. Furthermore, MIP will determine the bulk velocity of the ionised outflowing atmosphere, define the spectral distribution of natural plasma waves, and monitor dust and gas activities around the nucleus. The MIP instrumentation consists of an electronics board for signal processing in the 7 kHz to 3.5 MHz range and a sensor unit of two receiving and two transmitting electrodes mounted on a 1-m long bar. In addition, the Langmuir probe of the RPC/LAP instrument that is at about 4 m from the MIP sensor can be used as a transmitter (in place of the MIP ones) and MIP as a receiver in order to have access to the density and temperature of plasmas at higher Debye lengths than those for which the MIP is originally designed.     

The radiation impedance of electrodynamic tethers in a polar Jovian orbit

Juno, the second mission in the NASA New Frontiers Program, will both be a polar Jovian orbiter, and use solar arrays for power, moving away from previous use of radioisotope power systems (RPSs) in spite of the weak solar light reaching Jupiter. The power generation at Jupiter is critical, and a conductive tether could be an alternative source of power. A current-carrying tether orbiting in a magnetized ionosphere/plasmasphere will radiate waves. A magnitude of interest for both power generation and signal emission is the wave impedance. Jupiter has the strongest magnetic field in the Solar Planetary System and its plasma density is low everywhere. This leads to an electron plasma frequency smaller than the electron cyclotron frequency, and a high Alfven velocity. Unlike the low Earth orbit (LEO) case, the electron skin depth and the characteristic size of plasma contactors affect the Alfven impedance.     

阻抗测量中的一种复数计算工具

介绍了一种应用于阻抗测量的复数计算工具--Excel复数计算函数。Excel和其它工具相比,如Matlab,LabVIEW,具有操作方便灵活、函数库丰富、对控制软件接口方便等优点,非常适用于非编程人员进行复数计算。以“对阻抗测量仪器进行开短路数据补偿”为例,具体介绍了利用Microsoft Excel 2007处理复数计算的方法。该方法操作非常简便,容易掌握,无须进行烦琐的编程,随着电脑和Excel软件的普及,本方法具备了推广和应用的可能。     

增强飞行器角闪烁的方法—一种新的飞行器隐身技术

本文建立了任意截面缝隙加载理想导体柱电磁散射的一般数学模型，获得对缩比模型的理论计算与测量数据较好的一致性。在谐振频率区内对实际模型测量分析表明，利用多背接腔缝隙加载，可以实现较大姿态角范围内后向雷达散射戴面的减缩，并同时产生目标角闪烁线偏差有强烈增强，这是一种新的飞行器隐身技术措施。     

星载高速SerDes电路的设计与实现

针对目前我国空间探测任务中海量数据传输的迫切需求,提出了一种星载高速数据传输技术的解决方案。论述了方案的总体设计结构和关键模块的实现,制定了一种可靠易实现的链路传输协议,并给出了收发方向上的后仿真波形。系统联试验证了4通道点对点之间的SerDes接口数据传输速率达到了2.4Gbps,并且具有很好的带宽扩展和抗干扰性能。在星上有效载荷数据传输系统中具有广阔的应用前景。     

磁损耗吸波涂层的损耗特性北大核心CSCD

为研究磁损耗吸波涂层的损耗特性,选取了两种羰基铁粉吸收剂及一种铁氧体吸收剂,采用同轴法测试了材料电磁参数,并计算了频率为1~18 GHz电磁波在吸波涂层中的衰减常数、相位常数和波长,考察了电磁波在吸波涂层中的衰减率,计算了吸波涂层对电磁波的输入阻抗和反射率。结果表明,厚度为2 mm的S型吸波涂层对频率为18 GHz的电磁波的衰减率达到-24.9 dB,电磁波能量下降为原来的0.3%。三种吸波涂层输入阻抗实部Re(Z_(in))最大值对应频率与反射率最大值对应频率值基本相等。输入阻抗实部Re(Z_(in))与自由空间中本征阻抗匹配性能不是决定涂层反射率的唯一重要因素。     

电化学处理后CVD法SiC纤维阻抗特性及电阻率测量

采用交流阻抗法在50Hz～50000Hz范围内测量了电化学处理前后的CVD法SiC纤维样品，确定其具有电阻阻抗特征。通过模拟电路分析推导出计算纤维平均体电阻率及表面层电阻率的方法，并计算出SiC纤维表面氧化层的电阻率为5×104Ω·m左右。讨论了电阻率的影响因素。     

介质体散射分析中奇异积分处理

为消除高阶矩量法（MOM）求解表面积分方程时的奇异积分,提出了一种采用混合域基函数精确计算奇异积分的方法。通过分离奇异积分项,用变量替换求解析解,与高斯积分法获得的非奇异积分值相加,求得阻抗元素。仿真计算表明：该法的结果和文献中低价MOM吻合。