A boundary vector cell model of place field repetition

Hippocampal place cells are thought to form the neural substrate of a global cognitive map. However, in multicompartment mazes, these cells exhibit locally repeating representations, undermining the global cognitive map view of place cells. This phenomenon appears to be related to the repetitive layout of these mazes, but still no hypothesis adequately explains it. Here, we use a boundary vector cell (BVC) model of place cell firing to model the activity of place cells in numerous multicompartment environments. The activity of modeled place cells bears a striking resemblance to experimental data, replicating virtually every major experimental result. Our results support the BVC model and indicate that locally repeating place cell firing could result purely from local geometry.     

Influence of pre-tension on ballistic impact performance of multi-layer Kevlar 49 woven fabrics for gas turbine engine containment systems

In this paper, ballistic impact tests on wrapped multi-layer Kevlar 49 woven fabric systems were carried out with a flat blade projectile to investigate the impact response during a fan blade out event. The influences of the number of Kevlar layers and pre-tension were discussed particularly. Test results were used to analyze failure modes and energy absorption characteristics of multi-ply Kevlar fabrics. Results show that there are two kinds of impact damage for fabrics: global deformation mainly involving stretching of yarns in the impact region and fabric wrinkle from both sides to the impact zone, and local damage characterized by yarn fracture, yarn pull-out, and yarn unraveling. The energy absorption capability of Kevlar 49 woven fabrics improves with the number of fabric layers. The energy absorbed by multi-layer fabrics increases slightly at the beginning and then decreases substantially with pre-tension. The work in this paper can provide guidance for designing light-weight multi-layer fabrics containment systems.     

着陆缓冲装置特性分析及控制方法研究

着陆缓冲技术在航天器回收系统中的应用日益广泛,文章对着陆缓冲过程所使用的两种发动机推力制度进行了比较;分析了着陆缓冲过程中影响系统最终性能的因素。认为影响最大的因素是初始条件和环境条件的改变,对此提出了一种较为实用的控制方法。应用这一方法,可以最大限度地消除初始条件和环境条件的改变对着陆缓冲装置性能的影响。     

混杂复合材料层合板抗冲击性能研究

为了探究复合材料层合板在实际应用中因承受冲击载荷而造成的结构安全问题,本研究采用实验和仿真相结合的方法,首先探究冲头形状对复合材料层合板损伤机理的影响,然后结合不同冲击能进一步揭示层合板的承载力和能量吸收变化规律。结果表明,相同冲击能下,层合板的损伤范围和承载力随着圆锥头、半球头、平头依次增加;相应的层合板的临界穿透能量随着圆锥头、半球头、平头依次增大;冲头形状和冲击能对层合板的吸能能力有较大的影响。     

An adaptive fast fixed-time guidance law with an impact angle constraint for intercepting maneuvering targets

Sliding mode guidance laws based on a conventional terminal sliding mode guarantees only finite-time convergence, which verifies that the settling time is required to be estimated by selecting appropriate initial launched conditions. However, rapid convergence to a desired impact angle within a uniform bounded finite time is important in most practical guidance applications. A uniformly finite-time/fixed-time convergent guidance law means that the convergence (settling) time is predefined independently on initial conditions, that is, a closed-loop convergence time can be estimated a priori by guidance parameters. In this paper, a novel adaptive fast fixed-time sliding mode guidance law to intercept maneuver targets at a desired impact angle from any initial heading angle, with no problems of singularity and chattering, is designed. The proposed guidance law achieves system stabilization within bounded settling time independent on initial conditions and achieves more rapid convergence than those of fixed-time stable control methods by accelerating the convergence rate when the system is close to the origin. The achieved acceleration-magnitude constraints are rigorously enforced, and the chattering-free property is guaranteed by adaptive switching gains. Extensive numerical simulations are presented to validate the efficiency and superiority of the proposed guidance law for different initial engagement geometries and impact angles.     

Structural and collisional data for Mg III and Al IV

We present in this work energy levels, oscillator strengths, radiative decay rates and fine structure collision strengths for the Mg III and Al IV ions. The 11 configurations: (1s²) 2s²2p⁶, 2s²2p⁵3l, 2s2p⁶3l, 2s²2p⁵4l   (l?n-1$l?n-1$, where n is the principal quantum number), yielding the lowest 75 levels are used. The collisional data for these two ions are missing in the literature, especially the database CHIANTI, this is the principal motivation behind the present work. Calculations have been performed using the AUTOSTRUCTURE code. AUTOSTRUCTURE treats the scattering problem in the distorted wave approach. Fine structure collision strengths are calculated for a range of electron energies from 10 Ry to 240 Ry. The atomic structure data are compared to available experimental and theoretical results.     

蜂窝夹层板超高速撞击极限方程分析

为分析撞击极限方程对蜂窝夹层结构的穿透特性的预测能力,调研得到了3类撞击极限方程的表达形式和等效方法,以及131个采用碳纤维复合材料(CFRP)面板的蜂窝夹层板结构的试验数据,并对撞击极限方程的预测能力进行了比较计算。结果发现,MET方程对他源数据的四种(未失效、失效、总体以及安全)预测率均大于80%,进行在轨航天器结构的失效分析时可优先选用;SRL方程对本源数据的安全预测率达到了100%,在他源数据上的安全预测率也很高,适用于航天器防护结构设计。探讨了撞击极限方程中的系数、速度分界值的优化思路,以提高撞击极限方程的预测率。     

一种基于图像的星体表面撞击坑自动提取方法

以星体表面的图像数据为基础,根据撞击坑的向阳面呈亮色调而背阳面呈暗色调的原理,提出了一种基于图像的星体表面撞击坑自动提取方法。该方法先用自适应双阈值分割法对星体表面的光学图像进行分割处理,获取图像中明暗区域的形状和位置信息;再用统计学原理分析明暗区域组成结构、像平面上光照方向,结合相关的约束条件来匹配同一撞击坑的明暗区域,同时拟合出撞击坑的外边缘并确定其半径、位置等信息。实验结果表明,该方法能够从常见的星体表面光学图像中快速、可靠地提取出撞击坑的中心位置和半径大小,具有较宽的普适应性和一定的应用价值。     

缓冲气囊冲击减缓研究进展

本文从气囊缓冲机理出发对近年来国内外缓冲气囊进行了详细的分类和总结。缓冲气囊以其高效的缓冲性能、较轻的质量和低廉的成本等特性,成为重装空投防护与航天器软着陆技术领域的一个热点研究方向。本文首先介绍了密闭型气囊、排气型气囊和组合型气囊的性能和适用范围,讨论了各个类型气囊的优缺点。然后对气囊缓冲特性的数值仿真分析方法和分析模型进行了论述,对比了各类分析方法的原理与优缺点,并阐明了气囊优化设计的重要性和基本方法。此外本文还介绍了缓冲气囊研究的难点和应用前景以及需要进一步研究的问题。     

嫦娥一号卫星撞月时刻与坐标精确分析

针对CE-1卫星精确的撞月时刻与撞月点坐标,首先通过探测器载波信号的本地相关处理技术,精确分析了载波信号在VLBI各测站的消失时刻,进而推算了卫星的撞月时刻;通过实时单向多普勒频移测量的事后分析,核实了卫星撞月过程中的飞行姿态演化;最后结合VLBI互相关时延与测距资料,经定位归算确定撞月点坐标。分析表明,CE-1卫星撞月时刻的误差为±5μs,撞月点坐标月面切向和三维定位误差分别约为0.274km和0.319km(1σ)。