多运动目标ISAR成像方法研究

当雷达波束中包含多个运动目标且目标在距离维无法分辨时,常规的逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)成像方法难以有效聚焦,成像质量很差。针对此问题,利用回波中多个目标平动多普勒分量近似线性变化但变化历史不同的特点,提出了一种新的多目标ISAR成像方法。该方法先采用基于调频斜率估计的信号分离(CRESS)方法对多目标回波数据中各个目标的回波分量进行分离,然后对分离后的数据分别做成像处理。仿真实验结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于时频分析的ISAR成像

传统的逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)成像算法用傅里叶变换进行频谱分析,会导致对机动目标的成像模糊.应用短时傅立叶变换(STFT)、魏格纳分布(WVD)、平滑伪魏格纳分布(SPWVD)等几种时频分析方法对机动目标进行瞬时成像,仿真和实验结果表明,应用该方法能得到清晰的目标的距离-瞬时多普勒像.     

ISAR成像雷达假目标回波构造方法研究

逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)是一种典型的高分辨雷达,它不仅能够对观测目标进行全天候、全天时、远距离的成像,而且具有很强的抗干扰能力。基于数字图像合成(DIS)技术的假目标欺骗是对ISAR的一种有效的干扰方法。对锥形目标进行建模,用数字技术构造ISAR成像假目标回波,并对算法进行仿真,验证了设计的正确性。     

基于Chirplet的逆合成孔径雷达回波高速运动补偿算法

高速运动补偿是恢复距离像分辨率和提高ISAR像清晰度的关键,本文提出了一种新的高速     

一次相消技术在雷达成像中的应用

一次相消技术是一种经典的固定点目标对消方法。本文讨论了在ISAR成像处理过程中利用一次相消技术来剔除地杂波,分析了在成像处理中的杂波相消方法,并在最后的计算机仿真中,验证了该方法的有效性,分别比较了两种成像方式、两种地杂波分布的成像结果。     

高帧频数字相机在高速流动显示中的应用

根据高速流动显示实验研究对高帧频图像采集设备的需要,基于分幅式光路设计原理,结合快响应像增强器和低照度CCD相机,研制了一套兆赫兹采样的高帧频数字相机。利用高帧频数字相机,开展了高速流动显不实验研究：基于高帧频数字相机,结合纹影技术,在激波管上针对方块、凹槽模型,开展了高速流动显示实验,获取了运动激波与模型边界相互作用的序列图像,观察到湍流涡随时间演化发展的过程。结合一台输出功率为8W的连续激光光源和高帧频数字相机,建立了一套高速片光散射流动显示系统,获取了喷流的米氏散射序列图像。实验证明,基于高帧频数字相机的纹影及片光散射技术具备开展高速流动显示实验研究的能力。     

一种基于最大修正峰度的ISAR距离对准算法

距离对准是逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)运动补偿的关键。本文提出了一种基于修正峰度的ISAR距离对准算法。首先对应用于离散信号序列的峰度定义进行了修正,然后以修正峰度衡量回波包络之间的对准程度,对距离偏移量进行搜索。当两回波和包络的修正峰度达到最大时,以此时的距离偏移量进行补偿,就可将回波对齐。分析表明该算法具有良好的抗闪烁性能和抗噪性能。实测ISAR数据验证了算法的有效性。结果表明,基于最大修正峰度的距离对准算法可以准确地估计出回波的距离偏移量,实现距离对准。     

New method of enhancement using wavelet transforms applied to SODISM telescope

PICARD is a space-based observatory hosting the Solar Diameter Imager and Surface Mapper (SODISM) telescope, which has continuously observed the Sun from July 2010 and up to March 2014. In order to study the fine structure of the solar surface, it is helpful to apply techniques that enhance the images so as to improve the visibility of solar features such as sunspots or faculae. The objective of this work is to develop an innovative technique to enhance the quality of the SODISM images in the five wavelengths monitored by the telescope at 215.0?nm, 393.37?nm, 535.7?nm, 607.1?nm and 782.2?nm. An enhancement technique using interpolation of the high-frequency sub-bands obtained by Discrete Wavelet Transforms (DWT) and the input image is applied to the SODISM images. The input images are decomposed by the DWT as well as Stationary Wavelet Transform (SWT) into four separate sub-bands in horizontal and vertical directions namely, low-low (LL), low–high (LH), high-low (HL) and high–high (HH) frequencies. The DWT high frequency sub-bands are interpolated by a factor 2. The estimated high frequency sub-bands (edges) are enhanced by introducing an intermediate stage using a Stationary Wavelet Transform (SWT), and then all these sub-bands and input image are combined and interpolated with half of the interpolation factor α/2, used to interpolate the high-frequency sub-bands, in order to reach the required size for IDWT processing. Quantitative and visual results show the superiority of the proposed technique over a bicubic image resolution enhancement technique. In addition, filling factors for sunspots are calculated from SODISM images and results are presented in this work.     

Discriminating satellite IR anomalies associated with the MS 7.1 Yushu earthquake in China

In the process of exploring pre-earthquake thermal anomalies using satellite infrared data, Blackett et al. (2011) found that the previously reported anomalies before the 2001 Mw 7.7 Gujarat earthquake, in India, were related to positive biases caused by data gaps due to cloud cover and mosaicing of neighboring orbits of MODIS satellite data. They supposed that such effects could also be responsible for other cases. We noted a strip-shaped TIR anomaly on March 17th, 2010, 28?days before the Ms. 7.1 Yushu earthquake (Qin et al., 2011). Here we again investigate multi-year infrared satellite data in different bands to discriminate whether the anomaly is associated with the earthquake, or is only bias caused by the data gaps. From the water vapor images, we find lots of clouds that have TIR anomalies. However, on the cloudiness background, there is an obvious strip-shaped gap matching the tectonic faults almost perfectly. In particular, the animation loops of hourly water vapor images show that the cloud kept moving from west to east, while they never covered the strip-shaped gap. We consider that the cloud with this special spatial pattern should have implied the abnormal signals associated with the seismogenic process. Based on current physical models, the satellite IR anomalies both on TIR and water vapor bands can qualitatively be explained using synthetic mechanisms.     

像片数目对工业摄影测量精度影响研究

高精度工业摄影测量技术是现代工业制造的一种测量方法，在航空航天、机械制造、军事工业等领域得到了广泛的应用。提高工业摄影测量的精度则是该技术发展的重点之一，本文针对像片数目对工业摄影测量精度的影响做了研究，在控制如光照、反光标志材料、像中心点坐标精度等条件因素不变的情况下，采用固定网型一次性采集共计1200张像片，并等差随机分为17×3组不同像片数目组合，处理得出各组点三维坐标。以重复性作为精度评定标准，通过综合分析得出像片数目对工业摄影测量精度无实质性影响，为进一步研究如何提高摄影测量精度提供参考。