二次多项式拟合外方位元素卫星三线阵C CD影像平差

文章针对一景大小的卫星三线阵CCD影像,采用二次多项式拟合外方位元素模型,与国外的定向片法模型进行平差算法对比.对一景大小的模拟数据进行了试验,结果表明基于二次多项式拟合外方位元素模型的平差方法有效的提高了影像的平面精度与高程精度,与定向片法模型相比,该算法简单,结果同样满足1∶5万摄影测量的要求.     

Earth-Based Visible and Near-IR Imaging of Mercury

New planned orbiter missions to Mercury have prompted renewed efforts to investigate the surface of Mercury via ground-based remote sensing. While the highest resolution instrumentation optical telescopes (e.g., HST) cannot be used at angular distances close to the Sun, advanced ground-based astronomical techniques and modern analytical and software can be used to obtain the resolved images of the poorly known or unknown part of Mercury. Our observations of the planet presented here were carried out in many observatories at morning and evening elongation of the planet. Stacking the acquired images of the hemisphere of Mercury, which was not observed by the Mariner 10 mission (1974–1975), is presented. Huge features found there change radically the existing hypothesis that the “continental” character of a surface may be attributed to the whole planet. We present the observational method, the data analysis approach, the resulting images and obtained properties of the Mercury’s surface.     

Development and testing of a statistical texture model for land cover classification of the Black Sea region with MODIS imagery

A statistical model is proposed for analysis of the texture of land cover types for global and regional land cover classification by using texture features extracted by multiresolution image analysis techniques. It consists of four novel indices representing second-order texture, which are calculated after wavelet decomposition of an image and after texture extraction by a new approach that makes use of a four-pixel texture unit. The model was applied to four satellite images of the Black Sea region, obtained by Terra/MODIS and Aqua/MODIS at different spatial resolution. In single texture classification experiments, we used 15 subimages (50 × 50 pixels) of the selected classes of land covers that are present in the satellite images studied. These subimages were subjected to one-level and two-level decompositions by using orthonormal spline and Gabor-like spline wavelets. The texture indices were calculated and used as feature vectors in the supervised classification system with neural networks. The testing of the model was based on the use of two kinds of widely accepted statistical texture quantities: five texture features determined by the co-occurrence matrix (angular second moment, contrast, correlation, inverse difference moment, entropy), and four statistical texture features determined after the wavelet transformation (mean, standard deviation, energy, entropy). The supervised neural network classification was performed and the discrimination ability of the proposed texture indices was found comparable with that for the sets of five GLCM texture features and four wavelet-based texture features. The results obtained from the neural network classifier showed that the proposed texture model yielded an accuracy of 92.86% on average after orthonormal wavelet decomposition and 100% after Gabor-like wavelet decomposition for texture classification of the examined land cover types on satellite images.     

原子氧对红外干扰材料消光性能的影响研究

为探索大气中的红外干扰材料可否应用于外层空间, 利用原子氧效应地面模拟装置对铜粉和石墨粉两种红外干扰材料样品进行了原子氧暴露实验, 并对样品进行了质量分析、XRD分析和红外透过率测试. 结果表明, 原子氧累积通量达到5.0×1019cm-2时, 铜粉样品质量增加0.004mg•cm-2,石墨粉样品质量损失0.117mg•cm-2; 原子氧暴露后, 铜粉对3~5μm与8~12μm红外质量消光系数由3.64 m2•g-1与2.74 m2•g-1变为3.14 m2•g-1与2.65 m2•g-1, 消光能力降低; 石墨粉对3~5μm和8~12μm红外的质量消光系数由6.54 m2•g-1和5.78 m2•g-1减小为2.38 m2•g-1和2.27 m2•g-1, 消光能力明显减弱.      

Alta U9000图像数据由16位到8位的转换

科学级CCD图像一般是16位的,为了便于在Windows中显示处理过程中的16位图像,需要将16位图像转换为8位图像。介绍了2种转换算法:直接转换法和区间转换法。研究表明:直接转换法实现简单,但容易丢失信息,当原始图像中的有效信息区间较小时,应使用区间转换法;根据原始图像直方图确定用有效信息区间的算法,该算法与CCD的噪声点个数有关,通过对科学级CCD Alta U9000噪声情况的测试,给出了确定U9000图像有效信息区间的方法。     

Infrared radiation simulation of exhaust system by coupling FVM with narrow band k-distribution

A three-dimensional infrared radiation code for exhaust system was developed by the finite volume method coupled with narrow band k-distribution in non-gray absorbing-emitting media. The final infrared signature had considered the atmosphere effect, and the simulation values were favorably consistent with testing ones. The results indicate that the relative errors considering the effect of atmosphere compared with that of the contrary condition reduce by 31%, it shows that when simulating the infrared radiation of the target which is received by the infrared detectors, even the calculation band is in atmospheric windows 3~5 μm, the effect of atmospheric transmission on infrared signature of the target should not be neglected.      

基于分布式信源编码的高光谱图像无损压缩研究进展

有效的高光谱图像压缩技术已经成为航天高光谱遥感领域研究的焦点之一。对基于分布式信源编码（Distributed Source Coding,DSC）的高光谱图像压缩技术研究进展进行了综述。首先介绍了DSC的理论基础、实现方式及其在高光谱图像无损压缩应用中的优势;然后总结了基于DSC的高光谱图像无损压缩研究进展,在此基础上给出了一种基于多波段预测的高光谱图像分布式无损压缩算法,实验结果表明,该算法具有较低的编码复杂度,其无损压缩性能优于现有的分布式无损压缩算法;最后指出了DSC在高光谱图像压缩中需要进一步研究的问题。     

基于光谱响应函数的ZY-3卫星图像融合算法研究

针对遥感影像融合过程中存在的光谱失真,提出了一种基于光谱响应函数（SRF）的ZY-3卫星影像融合算法,该算法通过研究亮度分量的模拟方法和空间细节注入方法,改进了传统的IHS算法。采用融合前后典型地物光谱曲线对比和无需参考图像的质量评价指标（QNR）两种方式对融合结果进行评价,发现该算法的光谱信息保持在89.94%,QNR值达0.75以上。结果表明,相对于其它IHS改进融合算法,基于ZY-3卫星传感器SRF的改进IHS融合算法无论在光谱信息保持还是空间信息增强方面都具有优势。     

基于小波变换的多方位角SAR图像融合方法

针对目标散射特性空变效应以及多方位角图像信息冗余的问题,提出了一种基于小波变换和边缘检测的多方位角SAR图像融合方法。首先,将图像进行小波变换,完成低频信息和高频信息的分离,实现图像的多分辨表征及序贯图像多方位角信息的融合;然后,利用改进的Robinson算子增强图像的轮廓特征;最后,融合实验和定量评估结果证明了本文所提融合方法的有效性。