基于区域的卷积神经网络在空对地车辆检测中的应用

针对传统空对地车辆检测算法在光照变换、场景变化时检测效果不佳的问题,提出了基于区域卷积神经网络Faster RCNN模型的空对地车辆检测方法,介绍了Faster RCNN模型以及模型训练过程.实验结果表明,基于Faster RCNN的空对地车辆检测方法是可行的,对不同光照和场景下的车辆检测可以取得较好的效果.     

基于非下采样轮廓波变换的红外和SAR图像融合算法

针对现有红外和合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像的融合算法融合质量差、边缘轮廓不清晰、效率低下、可视性差,目标检测效率低等问题,提出一种基于非下采样轮廓波变换的融合算法。首先采用非下采样轮廓波变换对预处理的红外和SAR图像进行分解,获得各自低频和带通方向图像,接着根据红外和SAR图像的特征选取其含重要目标信息的频带进行低频图像和带通方向图像融合。为了检验本文所提出算法性能的优越性,采用两组红外和SAR图像进行融合实验,与其他图像融合算法进行对比,并对融合图像进行目标检测,证明了该融合算法能有效提高多源图像目标检测率。     

Occurrence of equatorial plasma bubbles over Kolhapur

This paper reports the nightglow observations of OI 630.0 nm emissions, made by using all sky imager operating at low latitude station Kolhapur (16.8°N, 74.2°E and dip lat. 10.6°N) during high sunspot number years of 24th solar cycle. The images are analyzed to study the nocturnal, seasonal and solar activity dependence occurrence of plasma bubbles. We observed EPBs in images regularly during a limited period 19:30 to 02:30 LT and reach maximum probability of occurrence at 22:30 LT. The observation pattern of EPBs shows nearly no occurrence during the month of May and it maximizes during the period October–April. The equinox and solstice seasonal variations in the occurrence of plasma bubbles show nearly equal and large differences, respectively, between years of 2010–11 and 2011–12.     

基于尺度不变特征的眼底图像自动配准与拼接

针对眼底图像对比度低、光照不均匀、不同视场的图像间存在几何畸变等特点,提出了一种基于尺度不变特征的眼底图像自动配准与拼接算法.该算法分别提取同态滤波增强后的待配准眼底图像的尺度不变特征点,并用向量进行描述,确定相邻两图像特征点的匹配关系,在MLESAC算法中使用透视变换模型去除误匹配点对,计算匹配点对之间的变换矩阵,进行图像空间变换,完成配准和拼接.对实际眼底照相机获取的多幅图像配准与拼接结果表明,该算法具有很好的鲁棒性和稳健性,配准精度达到像素级,可以实现眼底图像的高精度自动配准与拼接.     

基于Depth from Focus的图像三维重建

应用改进Laplacian聚焦算子实现序列图像的融合显示,用高斯插值算法得到图像三维重建中的高度图,并设计一种轮廓线算法对高度索引图进行了三维重建;成功地应用于摄像机拍摄序列图像的三维重建,弥补了摄像机物镜焦深范围有限不能采样清晰大幅图像的不足.理论和实验结果证明,用该方法生成的二维融合图像和三维显示图像,恢复出比较精确的物体表面深度信息,提高了图像的清晰度.     

STSS红外传感器探测性能分析

随着导弹防御系统的发展,弹道导弹突防将受到更大的威胁,而弹道导弹中段是攻防对抗集中体现的区域。本文针对空间跟踪与监视系统(STSS),通过预估其红外传感器的关键性能参数,对其中段目标探测能力进行了分析,结果表明STSS将对弹道导弹突防构成严重威胁。     

红外窗口材料的热辐射特性测量方法

飞行器在大气层内高超声速飞行时,高温窗口迅速成为气动热辐射效应的主要因素,气动热辐射效应会降低甚至破坏红外(IR)探测系统的性能.通过分析红外探测窗口热辐射传输特性,提出一种红外窗口材料的热辐射特性测量方法,并测量了应用于中波红外(MWIR)探测系统的某蓝宝石红外窗口材料在高温状态下的透过率和自身辐射等热辐射数据.结果表明:在100~350℃范围内,0.1mm厚蓝宝石材料薄层在中波红外3.7~4.8μm波段的热辐射特性与温度近似呈3次方关系,温度越高,蓝宝石透过率越小,自身辐射越大.强烈的自身辐射极易导致红外探测器局部饱和现象,对探测系统造成的影响比透过率引起的信噪比(SNR)下降要大得多.      

红外探测器参数自动计量测试

介绍了我站的红外探测器参数（黑体响应率，噪声、黑体探测率）自动测试系统以及参数测试关键技术的解决分析了这些参数测量不确定度。     

Bayesian network-based extraction of lunar impact craters from optical images and DEM data

Impact craters are among the most noticeable geomorphological features on the planetary surface and yield significant information about terrain evolution and the history of the solar system. Thus, the recognition of impact craters is an important branch of modern planetary studies. Aiming at addressing problems associated with the insufficient and inaccurate detection of lunar impact craters, a decision fusion method within the Bayesian network (BN) framework is developed in this paper to handle multi-source information from both optical images and associated digital elevation model (DEM) data. First, we implement the edge-based method for efficiently searching crater candidates which are the image patches that can potentially contain impact craters. Secondly, the multi-source representations of an impact crater derived from both optical images and DEM data are proposed and constructed to quantitatively describe the two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) morphology, consisting of Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG), Histogram of Multi-scale Slope (HMS) and Histogram of Multi-scale Aspect (HMA). Finally, a BN-based framework integrates the multi-source representations of impact craters, which can provide reductant and complementary information, for distinguishing craters from non-craters. To evaluate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method, experiments were conducted on three lunar scenes using both orthoimages from the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) and DEM data acquired by the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA). Experimental results demonstrate that integrating optical images with DEM data significantly decreases the number of false positives compared with using optical images alone, with F₁-score of 84.8% on average. Moreover, compared with other existing fusion methods, our proposed method was quite advantageous especially for the detection of small-scale craters with diameters less than 1000 m.     

机载红外搜索跟踪系统关键技术分析

概述了红外搜索跟踪系统的组成及主要技术特点,对红外成像系统中的红外望远光学系统、红外探测器组件等进行了分析;探讨了稳定与瞄准系统实现方案;对图像跟踪器中的跟踪算法及工程实现中采取的措施进行了论述。