提高河北装备制造企业信息化水平的探讨

将信息化应用于装备制造业，对增强企业的综合竞争力，促进国民经济发展具有重要的意义。本文以河北省的装备制造企业为例，从企业信息化实施过程的角度总结了存在的不足和问题，然后提出了解决办法。     

用等电平测量辐射计接收机的线性度

微波辐射计接收机的线性度是表征输入噪声温度与输出电压间的关系，采用双位开关衰减器法实现等功率电平测量微波辐射计接收机的线性度。该方法是在已知输出温度的低温噪声源之后，接有一个双位开关衰减器，这个双位开关衰减器只有二个档位，要么是直通，要么是通过一个固定的小衰减量。多次交替开关，可使达到接收机的输入量每次的增加是个相同量，这样就能完成接收机线性度的准确测量。简述测量原理、方法和测量不确定度分析。     

基于I/O设备驱动机制的CAN设备驱动程序设计

设备驱动设计是嵌入式系统开发的难点.在分析VxWorks实时操作系统字符型I/O设备驱动机制的基础上,给出了VxWorks下CAN设备驱动设计的一般步骤和设计思路,为VxWorks其他设备驱动开发提供了参考.     

Planetary protection on international waters: An onboard protocol for capsule retrieval and biosafety control in sample return mission

Planetary protection has been recognized as one of the most important issues in sample return missions that may host certain living forms and biotic signatures in a returned sample. This paper proposes an initiative of sample capsule retrieval and onboard biosafety protocol in international waters for future biological and organic constituent missions to bring samples from possible habitable bodies in the solar system. We suggest the advantages of international waters being outside of national jurisdiction and active regions of human and traffic affairs on the condition that we accept the Outer Space Treaty. The scheme of onboard biological quarantine definitely reduces the potential risk of back-contamination of extraterrestrial materials to the Earth.     

Influence of time variable geopotential models on precise orbits of altimetry satellites,global and regional mean sea level trends

During the last decade a significant progress has been reached in the investigation of the gravity field of the Earth. Besides static, also time variable geopotential models have been recently created. In this paper we investigate the impact of the recent time variable geopotential models on altimetry satellite orbits and such altimetry products based on these orbits, as global and regional mean sea level trends. We show that the modeling of time variable gravity improves the orbit solutions, at least for the GRACE period where time variable gravity is sufficiently accurately observed by this mission. Our analysis includes six geopotential models jointly developed by GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences and Space Geodesy Research Group (CNES/GRGS) Toulouse: the stationary model EIGEN-GL04S, a stationary version of EIGEN-6S (EIGEN-6S_stat), a corrected version of EIGEN-6S and three enhanced versions of EIGEN-6S called EIGEN-6S2, EIGEN-6S2A and EIGEN-6S2B. By “stationary” we mean “containing periodic parameters such as annual and semi-annual variations, but no secular (drift) terms”. We computed precise orbits for the radar altimetry satellites ERS-1, ERS-2, TOPEX/Poseidon, and Envisat over 20 years between 1991 and 2011. The orbit, single-mission and multi-mission altimetry crossover analyses show that the time variable models EIGEN-6S_corrected, EIGEN-6S2 and its two precursors EIGEN-6S2A/B perform notably better than the stationary models for the GRACE period from 2003 onwards. Thus, using EIGEN-6S2 and EIGEN-6S2A/B we have got 3.6% smaller root mean square fits of satellite laser ranging observations for Envisat, as when using EIGEN-GL04S. However, for the pre-GRACE period 1991–2003, the stationary geopotential models EIGEN-GL04S and EIGEN-6S_stat as well as EIGEN-6S2 having no drift terms for degree 3–50 at this time interval perform superior compared to EIGEN-6S_correct and EIGEN-6S2A/B which contain drifts for this period. We found, that the time variable geopotential models have a low (0.1–0.2 mm/yr) impact on our results for the global mean sea level trend. However, we found strong East/West differences up to 3 mm/yr in the regional mean sea level trends when using orbits of all four satellites based on time variable and stationary geopotential models. We show that these differences are related to the relative drifts of the centers-of-origin between the orbit solutions based on the time variable and stationary geopotential models. From the results of our detailed study, we conclude that the final version of the time variable gravity field model EIGEN-6S2 performs best for the four satellites tested. This model provides the most reliable and mission-consistent sea level estimates for the whole time period from 1992 to 2010. This model is of maximum spherical harmonic degree and order 260 and contains time series for drifts as well as annual and semiannual variations of the spherical harmonic coefficients for degree 2–50.     

Predictive Modeling and Parameter Optimization of Cutting Forces During Orbital Drilling

To optimize cutting control parameters and provide scientific evidence for controlling cutting forces,cutting force modeling and cutting control parameter optimization are researched with one tool adopted to orbital drill holes in aluminum alloy 6061.Firstly,four cutting control parameters(tool rotation speed,tool revolution speed,axial feeding pitch and tool revolution radius)and affecting cutting forces are identified after orbital drilling kinematics analysis.Secondly,hybrid level orthogonal experiment method is utilized in modeling experiment.By nonlinear regression analysis,two quadratic prediction models for axial and radial forces are established,where the above four control parameters are used as input variables.Then,model accuracy and cutting control parameters are analyzed.Upon axial and radial forces models,two optimal combinations of cutting control parameters are obtained for processing a13mm hole,corresponding to the minimum axial force and the radial force respectively.Finally,each optimal combination is applied in verification experiment.The verification experiment results of cutting force are in good agreement with prediction model,which confirms accracy of the research method in practical production.     

The X-TRACK/ALES multi-mission processing system: New advances in altimetry towards the coast

In the context of the ESA Climate Change Initiative project, a new coastal sea level altimetry product has been developed in order to support advances in coastal sea level variability studies. Measurements from Jason-1,2&3 missions have been retracked with the Adaptive Leading Edge Subwaveform (ALES) Retracker and then ingested in the X-TRACK software with the best possible set of altimetry corrections. These two coastal altimetry processing approaches, previously successfully validated and applied to coastal sea level research, are combined here for the first time in order to derive a 16-year-long (June 2002 to May 2018), high-resolution (20-Hz), along-track sea level dataset in six regions: Northeast Atlantic, Mediterranean Sea, West Africa, North Indian Ocean, Southeast Asia and Australia. The study demonstrates that this new coastal sea level product called X-TRACK/ALES is able to extend the spatial coverage of sea level altimetry data ~3.5 km in the land direction, when compared to the X-TRACK 1-Hz dataset. We also observe a large improvement in coastal sea level data availability from Jason-1 to Jason-3, with data at 3.6 km, 1.9 km and 0.9 km to the coast on average, for Jason-1, Jason-2 and Jason-3, respectively. When combining measurements from Jason-1 to Jason-3, we reach a distance of 1.2–4 km to the coast. When compared to tide gauge data, the accuracy of the new altimetry near-shore sea level estimations also improves. In terms of correlations with a large set of independent tide gauge observations selected in the six regions, we obtain an average value of 0.77. We also show that it is now possible to derive from the X-TRACK/ALES product an estimation of the ocean current variability up to 5 km to the coast. This new altimetry dataset, freely available, will provide a valuable contribution of altimetry in coastal marine research community.     

运动激波对氦气泡变形过程影响的仿真研究

使用水平集方法(Level Set Method)研究超声速气流中氦气泡的变形问题。通过比较全局重构和局部重构两种方法重新初始化符号距离函数(SDF)的效果,发现局部重构更省时,所得结果与实验结果更吻合,而全局重构存在控制误差的优化问题。在此基础上分析了激波强度和角度对气泡变形过程的影响,发现激波强度越大,气泡在相同的位移条件下变形得越明显,并且在相同激波强度下,斜激波对气泡界面变形的作用效果更为明显。     

分布式数据采集控制系统的现状及发展趋势

综述了ＤＣＳ系统的形成，现状及今后的发展方向，阐明了应用远智能Ｉ／Ｏ改进ＤＣＳ系统的优越性及向ＦＣＳ系统的过渡。     

基于航空货运网络结构的城市层级分析

航空货运网络是影响城市层级结构的重要因素之一,对其进行量化分析具有十分重要的理论和现实意义。根据2002—2008年中国航空货运数据库构建的中国航空货运网络,运用复杂网络分析的测度方法,以城市航空货运量比例为依据,将中国航空货运网络分成初始层级网络、中级层级网络和核心层级网络3个层次。基于航空货运网络视角,将中国通航城市分成核心、中级和边缘城市3类层级。通过对平均路径长度、聚类系数、度分布、密度等网络特征的分析,证明了3个层级城市所在的网络都具有小世界和无标度特性,研究表明中国城市层级结构具有金字塔特性,分布严重不均匀,值得关注。