冷气喷射法控制激波强度的数值研究

对冷气喷射时激波受到的影响进行了多方案数值研究.在高压级静叶吸力面反射激波生成点前后5个不同位置上采用相同总压及相同温度的冷气喷射,分析了不同位置的冷气喷射对激波强度和方向影响.结果表明:在吸力面激波折射点附近喷射冷气是一种行之有效的控制激波强度的方法.冷气喷射位置位于激波折射点附近时能够对激波的强度产生影响,在接近激波折射点前部位置注入冷气对流动有积极作用,减弱了激波.      

脉冲爆震发动机喷嘴性能优化研究

脉冲爆震发动机两相爆震近来得到了广泛的重视和关注,但在它走向应用之前仍有很多问题需要解决,燃油的喷射、雾化和混合就是其中之一。本文针对一种改进的预膜式空气雾化喷嘴,利用CFD程序,通过改变侧路空气射入角、空气通道直径、混合室出口孔径等参数,研究了喷嘴结构参数对雾化特性的影响,得到了汽油的雾化粒度与喷嘴结构间的关系和变化规律。并将数值模拟结果与实验结果进行对比,两者吻合较好,为喷嘴的优化设计提供了依据。     

微射流作用下的超声速流场控制机理研究

以24°压缩拐角为流场模型,针对不同注入总压微射流作用下来流马赫数为2.9的超声速压缩拐角流场进行了数值研究,喷射方向与来流垂直。研究表明,微射流阻挡作用下,其下游速度被减小,而减弱了分离激波强度。此外,微射流与来流耦合会产生正反向旋转流向涡对,在其下洗作用下,高能量流体被带入到边界层底部近壁面处,使此处低能流体被激活,进而增强了边界层的抗逆压能力不易发生分离,且这种激活能力会随注入总压的增加而增强。权衡控制效果和注入能量认为,注入压比(注入总压/来流总压)为0.60的微射流为最优方案,在其作用下,拐角区分离面积被减小了近70%、激波交汇点与壁面的距离被降低了近37%、分离激波强度被削弱近12%。     

用数值模拟的方法研究磁暴主相期间影响环电流分布特征的要素

环电流是距离地心2～7 Re的带电粒子围绕地球西向漂移形成的.环电流的增强将引起全球磁场的降低,反映了地磁暴的强度.磁暴主相期间,对流电场驱动等离子体片中的能量粒子经历E×B漂移与俘获注入环电流,进入损失锥的粒子沉降到大气中.本文采用磁暴主相期间环电流离子分布的模型,结合上述因素研究不同离子能量下对流电场对环电流离子通量的直接影响,以及强弱对流电场下环电流能量离子投掷角的变化,并从物理上阐述造成此种通量分布特性的原因.      

基于 FPGA的终端一体化 1553B总线协议测试系统

MIL-STD-1553B(以下简称“1553B”)总线在飞机的航电系统中作用重要。为了摆脱对国外 1553B协议芯片的依赖,研究设计了 1款基于 FPGA的终端一体化 1553B总线协议测试系统。系统采用模块化的设计方法,使用 Verilog语言进行代码编写,设计实现了 4路 1553B总线,每路实现了 BC、RT、BM终端一体化,完整地实现了 1553B协议的功能,并且实现了 10种类型的故障注入。通过上位机测试对该系统进行了板级验证,测试结果表明:本设计实现了预期功能,相对于功能单一的 1553B协议芯片,该系统极大提高了应用场景的灵活性和可靠性。     

固体火箭发动机燃气二次喷射推力矢量控制试验研究

介绍了固体火箭发动机卧式六分力试车台系统及其测量原理,设计了燃气二次喷射固体发动机试验系统,完成了燃气二次喷射发动机原理性试验。试验结果表明,二次喷射具有放大作用,燃气二次喷射能产生较大的侧向控制力。试验得到的推力矢量控制偏角为7°,二次喷射燃气侧向比冲为2 366.4 N.s/kg,其效率远高于液体二次喷射。     

斜爆震发动机研究进展与技术挑战

斜爆震发动机（Oblique detonation engine, ODE）采用驻定斜爆震波（Oblique detonation wave, ODW）实现高超声速气流中燃料化学能向推进系统机械能的高效转化，可大幅提升吸气式飞行速域上限，具有重要发展潜力和应用价值。本文从早、中、近期3个阶段概述ODE发展历程，总结当下斜爆震燃烧及发动机的研究现状。重点从发动机设计角度综述国内外在斜爆震燃烧组织、燃料喷注掺混以及总体性能与内流设计3方面的研究进展。深入分析了总体约束下的内外流一体化设计、高超声速气流中的燃料喷注掺混、复杂来流条件下的稳定燃烧组织、高热载荷防护以及超高速工况试验条件5大技术挑战及重点关注方向，为后续深入技术攻关及应用提供参考。     

Control of squealer-tip leakage flow with perforated-rib coolant injection in an axial turbine cascade

A novel perforated-rib configuration is proposed for controlling the tip leakage flow at the rotor tip of an axial turbine. Three perforated-rib layouts are considered, wherein a perforated rib is installed at (A) the Suction-Side squealer (SS-rib), (B) the Pressure-Side squealer (PS-rib), and (C) the additional squealer along the blade Camber Line (CL-rib). A numerical method is used to show how the novel rib layouts affect the aerodynamic performance of the tip leakage flow. Results show that the coolant jets issuing from the perforated-rib injection holes penetrate deeper into the tip clearance than those in the baseline squealer-tip case, and how the perforated-rib coolant injection affects the tip leakage flow depends strongly on the rib layout. The PS-rib and CL-rib layouts appear promising for controlling the tip leakage flow, playing a significant role in reducing the total pressure loss and improving the turbine blade’s isentropic efficiency. In particular, under an injection mass flow ratio of 1% and a tip clearance of 1% blade span, the PS-rib layout reduces the leakage mass flow rate by 27% and increases the isentropic efficiency by 1.25% compared with those in the baseline squealer-tip case. Meanwhile, the advantages of the PS-rib layout in tip leakage control are confirmed under small and large tip clearances.     

故障注入技术在飞行器非电系统中的应用进展

故障注入是一种基于试验的测评方法，是飞行器综合健康管理的重要组成部分，在提高飞行器的安全性方面具有重要作用。本文介绍了故障注入技术的基本原理，详细阐述了故障注入的各种实现方法在飞行器中的应用现状，重点分析了故障注入技术在飞行器结构、防热、液压、机械等非电系统应用中的关键技术以及存在的技术难点，并展望了该领域的发展。     

Adaptive feedback control of stability in an axial compressor with circumferential inlet distortion

The adaptive feedback control of stability with circumferential inlet distortion has been experimentally investigated in a low-speed, axial compressor. The flat-baffles with different span heights are used to simulate different distorted inflow cases. Compared with auto-correlation and root-mean-square analysis, cross-correlation analysis used to predict early stall warning does not depend on the distortion position. Hence, the cross-correlation coefficient was used to monitor the stable status of the compressor and provide the feedback signal in the active control strategy when suffering from different distortions. Based on the stall margin improvement of tip air injection obtained under different distorted inflow cases and the sensitivity analysis of cross-correlation coefficients to injected momentum ratios, tip air injection was adopted as the actuator for adaptive feedback control. The digital signal processing controller was designed and applied to achieve adaptive feedback control in distorted inflow conditions. The results show that the adaptive feedback control of air injection nearly achieves the same stall margin improvement as steady air injection under different distortion intensities with a reduced injection mass flow. Thus, the proposed adaptive feedback control method is ideal for the engine operation with circumferential distorted inflow, which frequently occurs in flight.