Cosmic ray variations of solar origin in relation to human physiological state during the December 2006 solar extreme events

There is an increasing amount of evidence linking biological effects to solar and geomagnetic disturbances. A series of studies is published referring to the changes in human physiological responses at different levels of geomagnetic activity. In this study, the possible relation between the daily variations of cosmic ray intensity, measured by the Neutron Monitor at the Cosmic Ray Station of the University of Athens (http://cosray.phys.uoa.gr) and the average daily and hourly heart rate variations of persons, with no symptoms or hospital admission, monitored by Holter electrocardiogram, is considered. This work refers to a group of persons admitted to the cardiological clinic of the KAT Hospital in Athens during the time period from 4th to 24th December 2006 that is characterized by extreme solar and geomagnetic activity. A series of Forbush decreases started on 6th December and lasted until the end of the month and a great solar proton event causing a Ground Level Enhancement (GLE) of the cosmic ray intensity on 13th December occurred. A sudden decrease of the cosmic ray intensity on 15th December, when a geomagnetic storm was registered, was also recorded in Athens Neutron Monitor station (cut-off rigidity 8.53 GV) with amplitude of 4%. It is noticed that during geomagnetically quiet days the heart rate and the cosmic ray intensity variations are positively correlated. When intense cosmic ray variations, like Forbush decreases and relativistic proton events produced by strong solar phenomena occur, cosmic ray intensity and heart rate get minimum values and their variations, also, coincide. During these events the correlation coefficient of these two parameters changes and follows the behavior of the cosmic ray intensity variations. This is only a small part of an extended investigation, which has begun using data from the year 2002 and is still in progress.     

从驾驶舱设计和适航来减少由设计引发的飞行员人为差错的挑战和途径

人为差错成为导致民用飞机重大事故的主要原因已经是不争的事实。对人为差错发生的原因及其预防措施已有许多研究和建议。侧重从民机驾驶舱设计和适航角度,并结合增补的FAA和EASA FAR/CS 25.1302适航条款,分析和探讨为减少由设计引发的飞行员人为差错所面临的挑战和途径,并对开展这方面的工作提出一系列框架性建议。     

B737NG飞机真空废水排放管路再循环法清洁

飞机真空废水排放管路常因管路内壁堆积废物导致堵塞,进而降低真空排污系统的功能。为有效减少管路内废物堵塞对真空排污系统的影响,波音公司收集多家运营商对真空废水系统的维护经验及反馈,提出再循环法清洁废水排放管路可以有效预防和减少排污管路内废物的堆积。再循环法主要通过化学浸渍和机械冲洗除去废水管内积聚的污物,是一种预防性维护措施,可提高真空排污系统的使用周期。     

化学镀镍废液再生

研究了采用可溶性钙盐对以乳酸为络合剂,次磷酸盐为还原剂的失效化学镀镍溶液的再生。在pH=5.6～5.8,温度为45～50℃范围内,搅拌2h,陈化0.5h的情况下,可溶性钙盐使失效溶液中亚磷酸盐含量从156g/L下降到23.06g/L,而镍盐和次磷酸盐的损耗量极小。再生后镀液的镀速和外观都与新配槽液相当。     

减小半球锥柱型药柱残药率的研究

为了减小半球锥柱型药柱的残药量,分别采用UG NX和MATLAB软件进行了建模和编程计算,得到了药柱燃烧规律和残药率与设计参数的函数关系图,进行了算例分析。计算结果表明,环向槽圆弧半径的取值越大,残药率越小,且残药率减少幅度增加;残药率与内孔半径呈现负相关关系;残药率与环向槽圆弧圆心旋转半径呈现近似抛物线关系,旋转半径值变大时,残药率先增大后减小;残药率与圆柱段长度呈现近似线性关系。计算结果与实际数据的最大相对误差为0.084%。      

Radiation measurements inside a human phantom aboard the International Space Station using Liulin-5 charged particle telescope

Liulin-5 is a particle telescope developed for the investigation of the radiation environment within the Russian spherical tissue-equivalent phantom on the International Space Station (ISS). Liulin-5 experiment is conducted aboard the Russian segment of ISS since 28 June 2007 as an adherent part of the international project MATROSHKA-R. The main objective of Liulin-5 experiment is to study the depth-dose distribution of the different components of the orbital radiation field in a human phantom. Additional objectives are mapping of the radiation environment in the phantom and its variations with time and orbital parameters (such as solar cycle, solar flare events, inclination and altitude). Liulin-5 is an active instrument, capable to provide real-time radiation data for the particle flux and dose rates, energy deposition and LET spectra. Data are recorded automatically on memory cards, periodically transported to ground by returning vehicles. In this report we present some first results from data analysis including energy deposition spectra, absorbed dose, dose rate and flux distribution measured simultaneously at 3 different depths of phantom’s radial channel and linear energy transfer (LET) spectrum. Data discussed are for the period July 2007–April 2008.     

持续适航文件人为因素浅析

持续适航文件和其他技术出版物是由飞机制造商提供的保持飞机固有安全性水平的重要资料。对持续适航文件编制过程中影响文件质量的人为因素问题进行了分析,并对如何提高文件质量提出了建议。     

退役航空燃气轮机再利用分析

燃气轮机主要应用于发电及冷热电联合动力（联合循环）、船用动力、装甲车辆动力、机车牵引动力和大功率工业泵站等,其中发电及其联合循环应用最为广泛。通过详细分析,表明退役航空发动机组成的发电机组在城市供电、供热、制冷或者地方、部队移动应急供电等领域具有独特的优势。     

通用航空维修人力资源问题初探

航空维修是航空运行系统的重要组成部分,维修人员是航空维修运行的主体,也是维修单位是否具备持续发展能力和动力的核心资源。提高航空安全水平,降低航空运行成本,必须要关注作为维修系统核心资源的维修人员。本文通过对国内民用航空运行、发展情况,以及对某通用航空维修单位的人力资源现状进行分析和研究,阐述目前民用航空维修系统人力资源所面临的主要问题,并探讨改进的对策。     

液氧/煤油发动机试验废水的循环使用

为达到国标中有关污水排放的二级标准及节约利用水资源,设计和安装了液氧/煤油发动机试验台试验污水处理和循环使用系统。发动机试验采用水冷式导流槽,每次试验的用水量很大,并且试验产生的废水会含有一定量的煤油,该处理系统采用过滤-吸附-消毒等工艺对试验产生的污水进行处理,并将处理后的污水进行循环使用。系统投入使用后污水处理效果理想,且运行稳定、便于维护。