基于扩张状态观测器的燃气舵舵机位置控制

为了实现对燃气舵舵片的高精度位置控制,设计了高阶非线性扩张状态观测器对舵机位置系统进行精确闭环控制。通过将参数摄动耦合项和外界扰动项合并为一个新的状态量,将原有三阶位置系统扩张为四阶控制系统。采用滑模变结构控制器对状态观测器观测结果进行控制,使舵机偏转角度达到预定值。分别采用传统PID控制和所设计的高阶非线性扩张状态观测器对舵机控制系统进行仿真,来验证所设计的控制器的响应性能和稳定性能。结果表明:相比于传统的PID控制器,所设计的高阶非线性扩张状态控制器具有更高的跟踪精度和更快的响应性能,其响应时间在0.1s以内,提升了约0.7s,且该控制系统无超调量的产生。该控制器在鲁棒性、抗干扰性上体现出更好的特点,因此可以更好地实现整体伺服系统的位置控制。     

飞机结构健康监测技术

飞机结构健康监测技术已经在实验室实验及飞行试验中得到了成功验证,随着技术成熟度的持续提升,在未来数年,该项技术具备极大的装机应用的可能性。飞机结构健康监测技术是一项通过传感器等硬件获取结构或系统数据信息为核心的创新性技术,该项技术能够在飞机的设计、制造、运营和维护等各个过程中发挥重要作用,同时,也是未来智能航空的关键组成部分。此外,随着人工智能、大数据、5G以及物联网概念的推进,航空结构健康监测技术的发展得到了一次飞跃的契机。本文首先全面的分析了飞机结构健康监测技术为航空领域带来的益处,并对其关键技术和应用现状进行了系统性的阐述,最后基于现有理论知识与先前工程经验创新性地提出一套民用飞机健康管理策略。     

基于改进平方根无迹卡尔曼滤波方法的涡扇发动机气路状态监控

针对涡扇发动机气路状态监控存在模型未知或不准确导致滤波效果下降甚至发散的问题,研究了一种融入高斯过程回归（GPR）的改进平方根无迹卡尔曼滤波（UKF）方法.该方法利用GPR对训练数据进行学习,建立发动机气路部件状态监控的GPR模型,替代UKF方法中的非线性系统模型;采用超球体单形采样和平方根滤波方法来提高滤波的计算效率和数值稳定性.仿真结果表明:训练的GPR模型解决了UKF方法对发动机原系统模型和噪声协方差矩阵依赖性的问题;与扩展卡尔曼滤波（EKF）和平方根UKF方法相比较,改进平方根UKF方法精度更高,对健康参数的估计精度达到99.9%,实现了对涡扇发动机单个和多个气路部件健系参数的有效跟踪.      

状态变量模型建立方法

为了克服小扰动方法精度不高、稳态终值响应法动态过程不一致以及传统拟合法的随着维数增加精度下降和拟合时间长等缺点,综合了3种算法（小扰动法、稳态终值响应法和传统拟合法）的优点,设计了基于变尺度法的混合求解方法建立了航空发动机状态变量线性模型。仿真结果表明：建立的航空发动机状态变量线性模型与非线性部件级模型在动态过程响应中吻合良好,而且具有较高的稳态精度,能够保证航空发动机最终稳定值的一致性。     

Fault processing policy based on dual-redundant control law for aero-engine control sensors

A fault processing policy was proposed for the circumstance under which all the dual-redundant closed-loop feedback control sensors went wrong. This policy was based on dual-redundant control law and may maintain the performance of turbofan engines. When pair of controlling sensors went wrong and the primary control law was unable to implement, control system performs the backup control law instead of the primary one so that the fault sensors were isolated from the closed control loop. This fault processing policy may not only avoid increasing engine weight and cost with the additional sensors hardware, but also avoid the error of analytical sensor signal. It can improve the engine mission reliability and control quality.     

非接触动静结合型机械密封的主动可控性及其脱开机理

针对非接触动静结合型机械密封运行中的脱开现象和泄漏量控制要求,研究基于改变闭合力的机械密封主动可控方法.在原有基础上完善了动静结合型机械密封主动可控的原理,包括控制策略、控制元件及控制流程;结合高速涡轮泵轴端机械密封,给出了主动控制的设计过程,并理论和试验研究了其可控性和受可控元件影响的性能规律.完善了现有的机械密封脱开理论,并结合试验结果对可控型机械密封的脱开转速进行了机理分析.研究结果表明:提出的基于闭合力调控的密封可控性策略及控制敏感性参数范围[1,3.19],可满足对涡轮泵轴端机械密封泄漏量的动态主动控制;完善的脱开转速理论能合理地解释机械密封起飞阶段的端面非接触状态向接触状态转变过程.研究结果对于特殊工况下特种机械密封的设计、运行监测及动态控制具有参考价值.     

基于有限状态机的Type A卡防冲突技术

在分析了Type A非接触智能卡防冲突的基本工作原理的基础上,采用有限状态机模型对卡上位冲突检测协议的实现算法进行了数学表述和状态转换的设计,并采用统一建模语言UML中的状态图描述了卡上的防冲突过程.最后,在智能卡芯片上实现了防冲突协议,实际应用证明系统运行正确.     

基于稳态方法的对流换热系数传感器研制

基于稳态方法研制出一种对流换热系数传感器.在研究中引入一个标定端,并分析其精度,与经典的经验公式进行了对比.通过标定实验验证了此传感器的可行性,得到修正系数值 K ,修正后传感器测量值与标准值的相对误差范围为0.4%~1.7%,不同传感器的K值不同.     

Possible influence of solar extreme events and related geomagnetic disturbances on human cardio-vascular state: Results of collaborative Bulgarian–Azerbaijani studies

This collaborative study is based on the analysis and comparison of results of coordinated experimental investigations conducted in Bulgaria and Azerbaijan for revealing a possible influence of solar activity changes and related geomagnetic activity variations on the human cardio-vascular state. Arterial blood pressure and heart rate of 86 healthy volunteers were measured on working days during a period of comparatively high solar and geomagnetic activity (2799 measurements in autumn 2001 and spring 2002) in Sofia. Daily experimental investigations of parameters of cardio-vascular health state were performed in Azerbaijan with a permanent group of examined persons. Heart rate and electrocardiograms were digitally registered (in total 1532 records) for seven functionally healthy persons on working days and Saturdays, in the Laboratory of Heliobiology at the Medical Center INAM in Baku, from 15.07.2006 to 13.11.2007. Obtained digital recordings were subjected to medical, statistical and spectral analyses. Special attention was paid to effects of solar extreme events, particularly those of November 2001 and December 2006. The statistical method of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc analysis were applied to check the significance of the influence of geomagnetic activity on the cardio-vascular parameters under consideration. Results revealed statistically significant increments for the mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure values of the group with geomagnetic activity increase. Arterial blood pressure values started increasing two days prior to geomagnetic storms and kept their high values up to two days after the storms. Heart rate reaction was ambiguous and not significant for healthy persons examined (for both groups) under conditions with geomagnetic activity changes. It is concluded that heart rate for healthy persons at middle latitudes can be considered as a more stable physiological parameter which is not so sensitive to environmental changes while the dynamics of arterial blood pressure reveals a compensatory reaction of the human organism for adaptation.     

基于状态观测器的波束形成算法及其航空应用

随着数字信号处理技术的发展,基于声传感器阵列的经典波束形成算法广泛地应用于航空气动噪声检测领域中.但是,经典算法计算量大,并且它的算法结构决定了其无法用作实时算法.本文给出了一种基于状态观测器理论的新算法,介绍了观测器算法的理论背景、算法稳定性的证明、麦克风阵列的设计准则以及基于阵列进行的仿真结果.这种新算法在形式上类...