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排序方式: 共有1109条查询结果,搜索用时 437 毫秒
471.
Jacques Arnould André Debus 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2008
The next time humans set foot on the Moon or another planet, will we treat the crew like we would a sample return mission when they come back to Earth? This may seem a surprising or even provocative question, but it is one we need to address. The hurdles and hazards of sending humans to Mars – for example, the technology constraints and physiological and psychological challenges – are many; but let us not forget the need to protect populations and environments from the risk of contamination [United Nations, treaty on principles governing the activities of states in the exploration and use of outer space, including the Moon and other celestial bodies (the “Outer Space Treaty”) referenced 610 UNTS 205 - resolution 2222(XXI) of December 1966]. 相似文献
472.
M. Czupalla P. HagerM. Pfeiffer J. HarderT. Dirlich 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2009
The development of efficient and safe Life Support Systems is one of the key drivers of the Global Solar System Exploration efforts. For each task performed by Life Support Systems (LSS) a great multitude of sub-system concepts exist and the challenge is to find the optimal combination of sub-systems for a given mission scenario. On a sub-system level the Equivalent Systems Mass (ESM) trade study approach is well suited to effectively compare sub-system options. On a system level in addition to ESM data time dependent sub-system performances within an overall system must be addressed. Criteria such as system stability, controllability and effectiveness must be considered in order to be able to assess the dynamic robustness of systems designed to the averages. In an effort to establish a dynamic simulation environment for this type of LSS optimizations the “Virtual Habitat” tool (V-HAB) is being developed at the Technical University of Munich (TUM). This paper introduces the most important part of the Virtual Habitat simulation, which is the human model. 相似文献
473.
自寻优求解法建立涡轴发动机状态变量模型 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
采用自寻优求解法建立小偏差状态变量模型(SVM),即先任意给定A,B,C,D矩阵,然后根据发动机非线性模型与状态变量模型的小偏差动态响应对比直接寻优A,B,C,D矩阵.求解目的为使状态变量模型与非线性模型的小偏差动态响应吻合,因而应用该方法可以保证所建模型具有较高的精度.此外该方法不受模型阶次的限制.应用该方法建立了某型涡轴发动机的小偏差状态变量模型,通过与非线性模型仿真结果比较,验证了该方法的有效性和准确性,所建立的状态变量模型可用于航空发动机控制系统设计与故障诊断. 相似文献
474.
The physiological and biochemical systems that regulate the level of each electrolyte in blood and other endogenous fluids, and the balance between the consumption and loss of fluid and electrolytes and the total fluid and electrolyte content of the body are significantly affected during hypokinesia (HK; diminished movement). Among the known effects of HK, the fluid and electrolyte deficiency has drawn a great interest due to the higher fluid and electrolyte deficiency with higher than lower fluid and electrolyte consumption. The impossibility of the body to use fluid and electrolytes, after the fluid and electrolyte deficiency has been established, has drawn the greatest interest. The fluid shifting to the thoracic region and the daily body rehydration are considered as the most effective methods to counteract fluid and electrolyte changes. To this end, the objective of this review was to report some of the findings in the fluid and electrolyte deficiency and fluid and electrolyte loss with fluid and electrolyte deficiency during prolonged HK. 相似文献
475.
带干扰补偿的挠性航天器变结构输出反馈控制 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
郭廷荣 《空间控制技术与应用》2008,34(5):41-44
研究了在控制量受限的情况下,挠性航天器的变结构输出反馈和干扰补偿的控制方法。在控制律的设计中,用变结构输出反馈控制来抑制挠性附件的振动,用扩展状态观测器对系统的不确定性和干扰力矩进行估计并给予实时补偿。仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。 相似文献
476.
477.
基于混合遗传算法求解飞机平衡状态 总被引:6,自引:3,他引:3
通过分析飞机平衡状态的基本特性和现有配平算法存在的问题,提出了一种求解不同类型飞机多种平衡状态的通用方法。该方法与飞机模型结构无关,只利用配平约束进行计算,算法采用与单纯形相结合的混合遗传算法,提高了搜索速度与精度。仿真结果表明这种方法具有较好的收敛性与稳定性。 相似文献
478.
479.
Yurii Balnokin Myasoedov Nikolai Popova Larisa Tikhomirov Alexander Ushakova Sofya Lasseur Christophe Gros Jean-Bernard 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2010
The purpose of this work was to develop technology for recycling NaCl containing in human liquid waste as intrasystem matter in a bioregenerative life support system (BLSS). The circulation of Na+ and Cl− excreted in urine is achieved by inclusion of halophytes, i.e. plants that naturally inhabit salt-rich soils and accumulate NaCl in their organs. A model of Na+ and Cl− recycling in a BLSS was designed, based on the NaCl turnover in the human–urine–nutrient solution–halophytic plant–human cycle. The study consisted of (i) selecting a halophyte suitable for inclusion in a BLSS, and (ii) determining growth conditions supporting maximal Na+ and Cl− accumulation in the shoots of the halophyte growing in a nutrient solution simulating mineralized urine. For the selected halophytic plant, Salicornia europaea, growth rate under optimal conditions, biomass production and quantities of Na+ and Cl− absorbed were determined. Characteristics of a plant production conveyor consisting of S.europaea at various ages, and allowing continuity of Na+ and Cl− turnover, were estimated. It was shown that closure of the NaCl cycle in a BLSS can be attained if the daily ration of fresh Salicornia biomass for a BLSS inhabitant is approximately 360 g. 相似文献
480.
飞行员心理健康现状、影响因素及保健措施 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
心理健康对飞行员心身整体健康以及飞行安全有着重要意义。通过回顾当前国内研究展现了飞行员心理健康现状,总结了影响飞行员心理健康的社会心理因素,包括职业行为和行为习惯、应激和情绪事件、认知特点、人格特征等,并从个体和组织角度提出了相应的飞行员心理保健措施。 相似文献