基于FW-H方程的旋翼气动声学计算研究

由流体力学N S方程导出的非齐次波动方程———FfowcsWilliams Hawkings方程(简称FW H方程),可以精确地描述在静止流体中运动的物体与流体相互作用的发声问题。以FW H方程为理论模型,将旋翼桨叶运动发声问题等效为包含桨叶的任意运动控制面(声源面)的声辐射问题,并在旋翼绕流Euler方程数值模拟的基础上,在时域内计算了悬停旋翼和前飞旋翼的声场。应用于UH 1H和AH 1/OLS两种旋翼模型的气动声学计算表明:计算结果与噪声实验值符合良好;所研制的程序不仅能够较准确地计算单极子噪声和偶极子噪声,而且具有较强的跨音速四极子噪声预测能力。     

多体运动理论与齿轮测量中心的几何误差建模

本文阐述了多体系统的拓扑结构和低序体阵列,其特征矩阵的基本概念和构建方法,分析了多体系统误差运动的基本规律,结合891E型齿轮测量中心研究了根据特征矩阵得到其空间几何误差的算法,为齿轮测量中心精度分析和几何误差提供了一种理想的建模方法.     

Deep Impact: Working Properties for the Target Nucleus – Comet 9P/Tempel 1

In 1998, Comet 9P/Tempel 1 was chosen as the target of the Deep Impact mission (A’Hearn, M. F., Belton, M. J. S., and Delamere, A., Space Sci. Rev., 2005) even though very little was known about its physical properties. Efforts were immediately begun to improve this situation by the Deep Impact Science Team leading to the founding of a worldwide observing campaign (Meech et al., Space Sci. Rev., 2005a). This campaign has already produced a great deal of information on the global properties of the comet’s nucleus (summarized in Table I) that is vital to the planning and the assessment of the chances of success at the impact and encounter. Since the mission was begun the successful encounters of the Deep Space 1 spacecraft at Comet 19P/Borrelly and the Stardust spacecraft at Comet 81P/Wild 2 have occurred yielding new information on the state of the nuclei of these two comets. This information, together with earlier results on the nucleus of comet 1P/Halley from the European Space Agency’s Giotto, the Soviet Vega mission, and various ground-based observational and theoretical studies, is used as a basis for conjectures on the morphological, geological, mechanical, and compositional properties of the surface and subsurface that Deep Impact may find at 9P/Tempel 1. We adopt the following working values (circa December 2004) for the nucleus parameters of prime importance to Deep Impact as follows: mean effective radius = 3.25± 0.2 km, shape – irregular triaxial ellipsoid with a/b = 3.2± 0.4 and overall dimensions of ∼14.4 × 4.4 × 4.4 km, principal axis rotation with period = 41.85± 0.1 hr, pole directions (RA, Dec, J2000) = 46± 10, 73± 10 deg (Pole 1) or 287± 14, 16.5± 10 deg (Pole 2) (the two poles are photometrically, but not geometrically, equivalent), Kron-Cousins (V-R) color = 0.56± 0.02, V-band geometric albedo = 0.04± 0.01, R-band geometric albedo = 0.05± 0.01, R-band H(1,1,0) = 14.441± 0.067, and mass ∼7×10¹³ kg assuming a bulk density of 500 kg m⁻³. As these are working values, {i.e.}, based on preliminary analyses, it is expected that adjustments to their values may be made before encounter as improved estimates become available through further analysis of the large database being made available by the Deep Impact observing campaign. Given the parameters listed above the impact will occur in an environment where the local gravity is estimated at 0.027–0.04 cm s⁻² and the escape velocity between 1.4 and 2 m s⁻¹. For both of the rotation poles found here, the Deep Impact spacecraft on approach to encounter will find the rotation axis close to the plane of the sky (aspect angles 82.2 and 69.7 deg. for pole 1 and 2, respectively). However, until the rotation period estimate is substantially improved, it will remain uncertain whether the impactor will collide with the broadside or the ends of the nucleus.     

跨声速粘性流绕振荡翼型的非定常计算

本文采用时间和穴是二阶精度的Ｂｅａｍ－Ｗａｒｍｉｎｇ格式和Ｂａｌｄｗｉｎ－Ｌｏｍａｘ代数湍流模式及ｑ－ω二方程微分模式，结合网格自适应技术，数值模拟Ｎ－Ｓ方程，计算了跨声速下的翼型非定常运动，包括俯仰，浮沉和前后平移振荡。结果表明，压力分布和气动系数与实验基本符合，微分模式和自适应网格能够显著提高激波和边界层计算精度。     

芳纶纤维／环氧复合材料界面超声连续改性处理

运用超声技术在芳纶/环氧复合材料制备过程中对其界面进行改性处理,分析了超声处理过程中纤维与树脂之间浸润性的变化趋势以及超声作用对复合材料界面性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明:超声是通过改善纤维与树脂之间的浸润性,提高复合材料的界面性能及力学性能。     

基于BP人工神经网络的GPS／SINS组合导航算法

基于扩展Kalman滤波的GPS／SINS组合导航算法，需要对原始的非线性连续系统模型进行线性化和离散化处理，要求系统噪声和测量噪声为零均值的高斯白噪声，且易于出现滤波器发散。BP人工神经网络毋需对所求解的问题建模，能够很好地逼近系统非线性特性，获得较高精度的导航定位信息；还具有计算过程稳定，不涉及矩阵求逆，不需要迭代逼近，以及容易实现并行处理等优点。本文设计适用于GPS／SINS组合导航系统的BP网络模型，并在标准的BP算法基础上，采用共轭梯度法改进网络训练速度及精度。最后，通过仿真算例说明BP网络方法用于GPS／SINS组合导航计算的可行性。     

基元化学反应一维爆轰波的数值模拟

应用基元化学反应模型对一维氢氧混合气体爆轰波进行数值模拟。采用一端高温高压点火起爆的方式,模拟爆轰波的传播。对一维爆轰波的结构、传播特征以及各个化学组分的变化趋势进行了研究。通过将模拟的结果同国内外的研究结果进行对比,发现了一些规律,为多维爆轰波的数值模拟和脉冲爆轰发动机的研究奠定一定的基础。     

不同生命周期项目组合的约束资本预算优化模型及算法

文章给出了约束资本预算优化模型的一般数学表达式.根据詹姆斯*范霍恩的共同生命周期法的理论,提出了一种对不同生命周期项目组合的约束资本预算优化的新算法.通过算例,说明了新算法与原有算法的差别,结果表明新算法考虑了项目的重置,在满足各种约束的前提下,按照净现值指数的大小选择项目组合,从总体上寻优,得到的净现值总和更大,具有更为优化的特征.     

地地导弹天文导航的一种建模方法

介绍了远程地地弹道式导弹采用惯性／天文组合制导方案的优点。提出了以惯性导航为主、天文导航为辅的一种导航方法，推导出该方法对应的导航基准参数计算模型、导航参数计算模型及天文导航系统的横向导引方程。最后通过仿真计算，给出了所提供的天文导航方法和计算模型对提高导弹命中精度的效能。     

气膜冷却流场的实验研究和数值模拟的分析

用Ｘ型双丝热线探头对扇形气膜孔射流下游流场的测量结果表明，湍流因射流的注入而显著增强，并存在十分明显的各向非同性。传统的应力和速度梯度的涡粘关系仍然适用于气膜冷却流场，但应该在不同的方向上分别对湍流粘性系数进行修正。标准ｋ－ε湍流模型可成功地模拟孔内流动和流向倾角α较小时的掺混气膜冷却流场，但在α较大时的孔中线附近区域内的流场模拟是不成功的，并导致冷却效率的模拟失败。