Tear Resistance of Orthogonal Kevlar-PWF-reinforced TPU Film

This work seeks to investigate the notch sensitivity and fracture behaviour of orthogonal Kevlar-plain woven fabric (PWF)-reinforced thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) film applied to high altitude balloon. Four types of specimens are implemented to measure notched strength and fracture toughness by conducting static tension and tear tests on an MTS system respectively. The damage and failure mechanisms are discussed and the results for notched strength and tear resistance are evaluated and compared with each other. From the experiments, it is found that the notch sensitivity of the film increases with the increase in the size of the hole, but the notch sensitivity and the stress concentration of the notch are insignificant and there is a decrease of only about 4%-10% in tensile strength for the notched specimens with different hole sizes in diameter compared with the unnotched specimen. In contrast, the tear resistance containing a central slit with only 1 mm length is about half of tensile strength of the unnotched film, which implies that the tear resistance exists an significant notch sensitivity. The results of this study provide an insight into notch sensitivity and fracture behaviour of the Kevlar-PWF-reinforced TPU film and constitute a fundamental basis for the design of high altitude balloon.     

碳硼复合渗研究及其应用

本文研究了２０钢和４５钢的碳硼复合渗渗层组织及耐磨性能。结果表明：复合渗可得到较强支撑作用的过渡层,从而使渗硼层耐磨性提高。饲料粉碎机锤片采用复合渗工艺处理后试用效果良好。     

基于一维稳态导热模型的多层组件常压隔热性能试验研究

为准确获取被多层组件包覆的空间站常压热试验之热边界,文章基于一维稳态传热模型,对15单元多层组件的等效隔热性能进行了常压环境下的试验测量。结果表明:该组件的热特性较稳定,且受环境温度影响较小,忽略相关测量误差可以近似认为其当量导热系数为0.02 W/(m·K),等效热阻为2.88℃/W。研究结果可用于空间站常压热试验的热边界分析,为常压热试验的准确开展提供数据支撑。     

Effects of yaw-roll coupling ratio on lateral-directional aerodynamic characteristics

Experimental investigation of large amplitude yaw-roll coupled oscillations was conducted in a low-speed wind tunnel using an aircraft configuration model. A special test rig was designed and constructed to provide different coupled motions from low to high angles of attack.A parameter ‘‘coupling ratio" was introduced to indicate the extent of yaw-roll coupling. At each pitch angle, seven coupling ratios were designed to study the yaw-roll coupling effects on the lateraldirectional aerodynamic characteristics systematically. At high angles of attack, the damping characteristics of yawing and rolling moments drastically varied with coupling ratios. In the coupled motions with the rotation taking place about the wind axis, the lateral-directional aerodynamic moments exhibited unsteady characteristics and were different from the ‘‘quasi-steady" results of the rotary balance tests. The calculated results of the traditional aerodynamic derivative method were also compared with the experimental data. At low and very high angles of attack, the aerodynamic derivative method was applicative. However, within a wide range of angles of attack, the calculated results of aerodynamic derivative method were inconsistent with the experimental data, due to the drastic changes of damping characteristics of lateral-directional aerodynamic moments with yaw-roll coupling ratios.     

基于隐式温度修正的二维热线风速仪校准方法

热线风速仪主要用于湍流流场测量。热线测量的主要误差来源是由环境温度变化导致的热线校准参数的变化。Brunn提出的传统温度效应修正方法在环境温度变化较大的情况下会带来明显的误差。本文经过理论推导,提出了一种新的基于隐式温度修正的二维热线风速仪校准方法,并开展了热线校准实验研究。结果表明:当环境温度变化在4℃范围内时,本文提出的方法与Brunn方法的测量精度相当;当环境温度变化超过4℃时,本文提出的方法的测量精度远高于Brunn方法。     

航空发动机法兰接触热阻特性实验研究

通过搭建法兰接触热阻实验台,在法兰间隙0～0.75 mm、螺栓拧紧力矩20～40 N·m参数范围内,测量不同材料机匣多个轴向位置的壁温来获得通过法兰的热流,得到法兰的接触热阻、单位接触热导。分析了法兰间隙、螺栓拧紧力矩对法兰接触热阻特性的影响。研究结果表明随着法兰间隙的增加,接触热阻呈线性增加,最大增加0.03 K/W,单位接触热导先迅速减小,后趋于平缓,最大降低了10 744.2 W/(K·m2),约94.5%;随着拧紧力矩的增加,接触热阻减小,最大降低了22.1%。     

基于热电偶反串的温升效率测量不确定度分析

针对轴流压气机气动性能试验中存在的低压比温升效率评估问题,构建了常规测温方法与反串测温方法测量的温升效率不确定度数学分析模型,并采用某单级压气机真实试验数据进行了两种测温方法不确定度的对比分析。结果表明：相比常规测温方法,反串测温方法不仅消除了热电偶冷端环境温度测量引入的不确定度,还大幅降低了进口温度测量引入的不确定度,使温升效率测量不确定度减小幅度在30%以上。     

高导电硅橡胶材料的性能

首先通过平行对比了三种填充不同导电填料的硅橡胶材料的拉伸强度、扯断伸长率、恒定压缩永久形变、导电性及屏蔽性能,优选出镀银铝粉作导电填料;考察了镀银铝粉用量对硅橡胶材料的拉伸强度、伸长率、压变、微观形貌、导电性能的影响,最终确定镀银铝粉的填充体积分数为55%;结合导电橡胶制品对使用寿命的需求,进一步深入研究了导电硅橡胶材料在自然平贮老化及高温加速老化下的导电性能。结果表明:随老化时间的延长,体积电阻率不断增大,导电性能减弱。自然平贮老化60 d后,材料的体积电阻率基本不变;900d后,体积电阻率由初始值4.6×10-3Ω·cm增大至7.5×10-2Ω·cm。150℃老化30 d后,体积电阻率由初始值增大至9.5×10-2Ω·cm。填充镀银铝粉的导电硅橡胶材料在两种条件下老化后均能保持高的导电性;高温加速老化对导电性能的影响大于自然平贮老化。     

G-16EP通用航空电瓶充放电及寿命研究

为了对G-16EP型电瓶进行维护和保养,根据电瓶厂家规定和适航规范,总结了该型电瓶的充电和容量测试（放电）方法,指出了影响电瓶寿命的主要因素,为该型号电瓶的维护提供了参考。     

一种针对局部结构的有限元模型修正方法

针对实际结构有限元模型（FEM）的建模误差通常仅存在于局部区域,提出了一种对局部结构单独进行模型修正的方法。首先,根据频响函数（FRF）解耦理论得到由残余结构频响函数与包含待修正参数的局部结构动刚度所重构的整体结构频响函数的拟合值,然后通过迭代优化使其与测量值的残差最小化,从而得到参数的极大似然估计。在此基础上,将残差关于参数的灵敏度以局部结构动力学矩阵表示,建立了模型修正的基本方程,利用整体结构的测试数据即可直接对分离出来的局部结构进行模型修正。最后,对喷气式飞机和三角机翼飞机分别进行了数值模拟和实验研究,验证了所提方法的可行性和有效性。结果表明,所提方法可以成功地用于仅局部区域含有建模误差的实际结构有限元模型的修正,修正后的有限元模型的动态特性与实际结构有较好的一致性。