基于高速慢车的航空发动机快速响应控制

针对传统航空发动机响应速度慢,难以在紧急事件中用于控制受损飞机完成起降过程的问题,采用高速慢车控制模式来提升发动机加速性能,通过增加发动机在慢车时高压压气机转速,为加速前期提供更大的燃油流量,从而缩短发动机从慢车至最大状态的加速时间。为保证慢车时高压转子转速提高的同时发动机推力和稳定裕度不变,通过修改高压压气机可调导叶控制计划来调整高压转子工作点。仿真结果显示,与原有控制相比,采用高速慢车快速响应控制模式的发动机加速上升时间从原来的2.00s缩短至1.86s,而高压压气机最小喘振裕度仅由16.01%下降至14.81%,同时慢车推力基本保持不变。     

飞行控制技术面临的挑战与发展

总结了飞行器的发展趋势,明确了飞行控制领域的前沿问题与挑战,概括了飞行控制技术的基础问题和关键技术,分析了现阶段飞行控制技术研究进展,对未来飞行控制技术的发展提出了建议与思考。     

卫星控制中心系统平台的高可用设计与实现

卫星控制中心是卫星地面测控管理系统的重要组成部分。随着信息技术的飞速发展和测控关键业务量的增长,高可用性、高可靠性及易维护日益成为卫星控制中心系统的设计目标。为满足卫星测控任务的需求,本文描述了卫星控制中心的网络系统、数据处理系统和数据库集群系统的高可用设计,并给出具体项目的成功实现。     

Evolution of the orbital elements for objects with high area-to-mass ratios in geostationary transfer orbits

A new population of uncatalogued objects in geosynchronous Earth orbits (GEO), with a mean motion of about 1 rev/day and eccentricities up to 0.6, has been identified recently. The first observations of this new type of objects were acquired in the framework of the European Space Agency’s (ESA) search for space debris in GEO and the geostationary transfer orbit (GTO) using the ESA 1-m telescope on Tenerife. Earlier studies have postulated that the perturbations due to the solar radiation pressure can lead to such large eccentricities for GEO objects with a high area-to-mass ratio (A/M). The simulations showed that the eccentricities of GEO objects with large A/M exhibit periodic variations with periods of about one year and amplitudes depending on the value of A/M. The findings of these studies could be confirmed by observations from the ESA 1-m telescope on Tenerife.     

Characterization of the cataloged Fengyun-1C fragments and their long-term effect on the LEO environment

The intentional breakup of Fengyun-1C on 11 January 2007 created the most severe orbital debris cloud in history. The altitude where the event occurred was probably the worst location for a major breakup in the low Earth orbit (LEO) region, since it was already highly populated with operational satellites and debris generated from previous breakups. The addition of so many fragments not only poses a realistic threat to operational satellites in the region, but also increases the instability (i.e., collision cascade effect) of the debris population there.     

Dynamical evolution of high area-to-mass ratio debris released into GPS orbits

A large set of simulations, including all the relevant perturbations, was carried out to investigate the long-term dynamical evolution of fictitious high area-to-mass ratio (A/M) objects released, with a negligible velocity variation, in each of the six orbital planes used by Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites. As with similar objects discovered in near synchronous trajectories, long lifetime orbits, with mean motions of about 2 revolutions per day, were found possible for debris characterized by extremely high area-to-mass ratios. Often the lifetime exceeds 100 years up to A/M ∼ 45 m²/kg, decreasing rapidly to a few months above such a threshold. However, the details of the evolution, which are conditioned by the complex interplay of solar radiation pressure and geopotential plus luni-solar resonances, depend on the initial conditions. Different behaviors are thus possible. In any case, objects like those discovered in synchronous orbits, with A/M as high as 20–40 m²/kg, could also survive in this orbital regime, with semi-major axes close to the semi-synchronous values, with maximum eccentricities between 0.3 and 0.7, and with significant orbit pole precessions (faster and wider for increasing values of A/M), leading to inclinations between 30° and more than 90°.     

Cosmic ray studies at Moussala – Past,present and future

We review the main activities carried out at Moussala peak (2925 m above sea level, 42°11′N, 23°35′E) station in Bulgaria, connected with cosmic ray investigations during the last five decades. Several important results obtained at the station are reported. The detector design and corresponding methodological studies of the presently operational devices are shown as well, precisely the Cherenkov light telescope, lead free neutron monitor and muon telescope. The scientific potential of the existing complex is discussed.     

叉流管－管型换热器二维温度场的数值分析

建立并导出叉流管－管型换热器传热过程的二维数学模型及相应的差分格式。对比实验数据和性能计算结果，表明数值方法是有效可行的，据此编制的计算机程序已成功地用于组合发动机空气预冷换热器工作过程的预测。     

Investigation of natural and artificial stimulation of the ionospheric Alfvén resonator at high latitude

A brief review is provided of recent progress in understanding the ionospheric Alfvén resonator (IAR) at high latitude. Firstly, naturally occurring resonances of the IAR as detected by pulsation magnetometers in the auroral zone at Sodankylä and in the polar cap at Barentsburg are considered. The characteristics of the IAR in the two regions are broadly similar, although the effects of solar illumination are less clear at the higher latitudes. Secondly we review recent attempts to stimulate the IAR through high-power radio frequency experiments both in the auroral zone at Tromsø with the European Incoherent SCATter (EISCAT) heater, and within the polar cap at Longyearbyen with the Space Plasma Exploration by Active Radar (SPEAR) facility. In the auroral zone at, Tromsø the stimulated IAR has been observed by ground-based magnetometers, and through electron acceleration observed on the FAST spacecraft. At SPEAR in the polar cap, the stimulated IAR has been investigated, with ground magnetometers, with the first results indicative of a positive detection.     

如何实现学生从中学物理到大学物理学习的转变

实现学生从中学物理学习到大学物理学习转变的关键是借助高等数学所揭示的数学方法的思想内涵 ,建立起从中学物理的不变到大学物理中变、从宏观到微观、从近似到精确这样一种贯穿于物理学始终的辩证唯物主义物理观。