High resolution science with high redshift galaxies

We summarize the high-resolution science that has been done on high redshift galaxies with Adaptive Optics (AO) on the world’s largest ground-based facilities and with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). These facilities complement each other. Ground-based AO provides better light gathering power and in principle better resolution than HST, giving it the edge in high spatial resolution imaging and high resolution spectroscopy. HST produces higher quality, more stable PSF’s over larger field-of-views in a much darker sky-background than ground-based AO, and yields deeper wide-field images and low-resolution spectra than the ground. Faint galaxies have steadily decreasing sizes at fainter fluxes and higher redshifts, reflecting the hierarchical formation of galaxies over cosmic time. HST has imaged this process in great structural detail to z  6, and ground-based AO and spectroscopy has provided measurements of their masses and other physical properties with cosmic time. Last, we review how the 6.5 m James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) will measure First Light, reionization, and galaxy assembly in the near–mid-IR after 2013.     

提高WP－11发动机起动高度的研究与实施

研究了ＷＰ－１１发动机点火高度从４０００ｍ提高到８０００ｍ的某些问题。详细讨论了点火高度的理论基础，并为ＷＰ－１１研制了一种可用的空中补氧点火装置，扩大了ＷＰ－１１发动机的使用范围。带着空中补氧点火装置的ＷＰ－１１发动机成功完成了高空舱试验和Ｙ－８飞机带飞实验。     

利用高空科学气球收集宇宙尘粒

本文叙述了高空科学气球上一种自行研制的宇宙尘收集器以及气球吊篮系统。利用该系统进行了五次高空字宙尘粒的收集飞行,简述了对所收集的尘粒进行系统研究的结果。     

群时延特性对卫星高速数传中继系统的影响

主要关注线性和抛物线特性的群时延对高速数传系统的影响,在分析了群时延特性的概念后,设计了具有仿真要求的群时延滤波器,建立模型对系统进行了仿真,得出了线性和抛物线特性的群时延对系统接收端信噪比恶化的影响,为整个系统的均衡程度提出了指标要求和参考。     

高性能与高功能纤维的发展

概述了用于复合材料增强体的高性能纤维和具有各种物理与化学功能用途的高功能纤维的进展现状并推测其发展趋势。     

HB-2 high-velocity correlation model at high angles of attack in supersonic wind tunnel tests

Responding to a need for experimental data on a standard wind tunnel model at high angles of attack in the supersonic speed range, and in the absence of suitable reference data, a series of tests of two HB-2 standard models of different sizes was performed in the T-38 trisonic wind tunnel of Vojnotehnickˇi Institut(VTI), in the Mach number range 1.5–4.0, at angles of attack up to+30°. Tests were performed at relatively high Reynolds numbers of 2.2 millions to 4.5 millions(based on model forebody diameter). Results were compared with available low angle of attack data from other facilities, and, as a good agreement was found, it was assumed that, by implication, the obtained high angle of attack results were valid as well. Therefore, the results can be used as a reference database for the HB-2 model at high angles of attack in the supersonic speed range, which was not available before. The results are presented in comparison with available reference data, but also contain data for some Mach numbers not given in other publications.     

Effects of yaw-roll coupling ratio on lateral-directional aerodynamic characteristics

Experimental investigation of large amplitude yaw-roll coupled oscillations was conducted in a low-speed wind tunnel using an aircraft configuration model. A special test rig was designed and constructed to provide different coupled motions from low to high angles of attack.A parameter ‘‘coupling ratio" was introduced to indicate the extent of yaw-roll coupling. At each pitch angle, seven coupling ratios were designed to study the yaw-roll coupling effects on the lateraldirectional aerodynamic characteristics systematically. At high angles of attack, the damping characteristics of yawing and rolling moments drastically varied with coupling ratios. In the coupled motions with the rotation taking place about the wind axis, the lateral-directional aerodynamic moments exhibited unsteady characteristics and were different from the ‘‘quasi-steady" results of the rotary balance tests. The calculated results of the traditional aerodynamic derivative method were also compared with the experimental data. At low and very high angles of attack, the aerodynamic derivative method was applicative. However, within a wide range of angles of attack, the calculated results of aerodynamic derivative method were inconsistent with the experimental data, due to the drastic changes of damping characteristics of lateral-directional aerodynamic moments with yaw-roll coupling ratios.     

A100钢外螺纹椭圆超声滚压强化试验研究

A100钢有较高的疲劳抗力和显著的减重效果.在航空工业中,飞机起落架主要承力件正逐步采用A100钢,且主要承力件多采用螺纹联接.为了提高螺纹疲劳寿命,提出了超声振动滚压强化工艺方法,设计了外螺纹超声滚压强化装置,进行了螺纹超声滚压强化前后性能对比试验.利用X射线分析仪、维式硬度计、粗糙度仪和疲劳试验机,分别测量了螺纹超声滚压强化前后的残余应力、维氏硬度、表面粗糙度以及疲劳寿命.结果表明,超声滚压强化后牙底残余应力提高了70％,显微硬度提高了14％,粗糙度降低了51％,600MPa应力条件下寿命提高了5倍.     

高体积分数SiCp/Al复合材料高温压缩界面研究

采用无压浸渗制备出高体积分数SiCp/Al多功能复合材料。对该复合材料进行了高温(高于基体熔点)压缩实验。利用XRD和TEM观察了SiCp/Al复合材料的界面结构,分析了高温压缩对复合材料界面的影响,研究了复合材料的复合机理。结果表明:高温压缩后的SiCp/Al复合材料的界面过渡层连续且厚度均匀,过渡层宽度减小了一个数量级;复合材料SiCp/Al界面结合机制包括扩散、位向和反应结合机制,复合材料SiCp/Al界面的这些结合机制,导致了增强相与基体之间很强的界面结合;复合材料的断裂方式为颗粒断裂,SiC增强颗粒与Al基体结合良好。     

Laser-induced oxidation assisted micro milling of high aspect ratio microgroove on WC-Co cemented carbide

Severe tool wear and poor surface quality are the main problems during micro machining of cemented carbide. In this work, an innovative hybrid process of laser-induced oxidation assisted micro milling (LOMM) was proposed to solve the problems. A nanosecond laser was utilized to induce oxidation of the WC-20%Co material, producing loose oxide which was easy to remove. The micro machinability of the material was improved by laser-induced oxidation. The oxidation mechanisms of cemented carbide were studied. A microgroove with a depth of 2.5 mm and aspect ratio of 5 was fabricated successfully. The milling force, surface quality and tool wear mechanisms were investigated. For comparison, a microgroove was also fabricated with conventional micro milling (COMM) using identical milling parameters. Results revealed that in LOMM the milling force and tool wear rate were extremely low during removing the oxide. The machined surface quality and dimensional accuracy achieved by LOMM were superior to those obtained by COMM. The surface roughness S_a of the microgroove bottom reached 88 nm in LOMM, while the cross-sectional geometry of the microgroove was a trapezoid. Perpendicularity of the microgroove sidewall machined by LOMM was better than that by COMM. The tool wear forms in LOMM were coating spalling and slight tool nose breakage. Compared with COMM, the tool life in LOMM was prolonged significantly. It indicates that the proposed hybrid process is an effective and efficient way to fabricate high aspect ratio micro-features with high dimensional accuracy.