Impact of reduced frequency on the time lag in pressure distribution over a supercritical airfoil in a pitch-pause-return motion

Effects of reduced frequency, stop angle, and pause duration have been studied on a thin supercritical airfoil undergoing a pitch-pause-return motion, which is one of the classic maneuvers introduced by the AIAA Fluid Dynamics Technical Committee. Experiments were conducted in a low-speed wind tunnel at both a constant mean angle of attack and an oscillation amplitude with a reduced frequency ranging from 0.01 to 0.12. The desired stop angles of the airfoil were set to occur during the upstroke motion. The unsteady pressure distribution on the airfoil was measured for below, near, and beyond static stall conditions. Results showed that the reduced frequency and stop angle were the dominant contributors to the time lag in the flowfield. For stop angles in both below- and post-stall regions, the time for the flowfield to reach its steady state conditions, known as the time lag, decreased as the reduced frequency was increased. However, in the static-stall region and for a certain value of reduced frequency, a resonance phenomenon was observed, and a minimum time lag was achieved. The pressure distribution in this condition was shown to be highly influenced by this phenomenon.     

Statistical study of energetic electrons in Jupiter’s inner magnetosphere by Juno/JEDI

The Juno spacecraft made the first in-situ observations of energetic particles in the polar region of Jupiter’s magnetosphere. After Jupiter Orbit Insertion (JOI) in July 2016, data from ~20 Juno perijoves (PJs) obtained by Juno/JEDI are accumulated, providing an excellent opportunity to study the long term spatio-temporal distribution of energetic particles in Jupiter’s radiation belt. We transform Juno’s position from a Cartesian to a magnetic coordinate system by tracing magnetic field lines based on a fourth order Runge-Kutta method. Then the fluxes of energetic electrons from PJ1 to PJ14 sorted by different locations in magnetic coordinate space and the data are well organized by the L-shell parameter. The variation of electron flux increases with L-shell. The deviation (the ratio of the 75th percentile to the 25th percentile) of 0.51 MeV electron flux varies from a factor of 1.23 near L = 9.5 to 27.57 near L = 15.5. However, the mean flux decreases by about one order of magnitude in the same region. The electron spectra at larger L-shells are softer than that at smaller L-shells. On the other hand, the electron flux decreases more rapidly with increased L-shell when the location is off the equator. Along an L-shell, the electron flux decrease at first and then increase again from equator to mid-latitude region. In addition, we compare the statistical results with the widely used GIRE2 model. JEDI data correspond well with the GIRE2 model when the L-shell is > 14.75. GIRE2 underestimate the electron flux for L-shell smaller than 13.25. These results of this analysis are applicable to estimate the effects of the radiation environment in Jupiter’s magnetosphere.     

气动引力辅助的火星自由返回轨道设计方法

为更准确地描述大气飞行过程，提出一种三段式大气飞行模型，将大气飞行段分为下降段、平飞段和上升段，使用大气飞行角和航迹角描述飞行过程，并建立了相应的计算模型。对“地球-火星-地球”、“地球-火星-金星-地球”和“地球-金星-火星-地球”自由返回轨道序列的优化结果表明，三段式模型可以准确描述气动引力辅助过程，同时气动引力辅助技术可以有效提升自由返回轨道性能，如减少转移时间，降低燃料消耗等。     

运载火箭推力故障下在线计算轻量化任务重构方法

为了避免运载火箭推力下降故障引起发射任务失败,基于径向基神经网络,提出了一种在线计算轻量化的任务重构方法,可快速在线计算最优救援轨道对应飞行轨迹(最优轨迹)的近似解.在离线部分,结合凸优化与自适应配点法产生"故障状态-最优轨迹"数据集.数据集被用来训练径向基神经网络,建立轨迹决策模型来构建故障状态到最优轨迹的动力学关系...     

Improvement of the GRACE star camera data based on the revision of the combination method

The new release of the sensor and instrument data (Level-1B release 02) of the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) had a substantial impact on the improvement of the overall accuracy of the gravity field models. This has implied that improvements on the sensor data level can still significantly contribute to arriving closer to the GRACE baseline accuracy. The recent analysis of the GRACE star camera data (SCA1B RL02) revealed their unexpectedly higher noise. As the star camera (SCA) data are essential for the processing of the K-band ranging data and the accelerometer data, thorough investigation of the data set was needed. We fully reexamined the SCA data processing from Level-1A to Level-1B with focus on the combination method of the data delivered by the two SCA heads. In the first step, we produced and compared our own combined attitude solution by applying two different combination methods on the SCA Level-1A data. The first method introduces the information about the anisotropic accuracy of the star camera measurement in terms of a weighing matrix. This method was applied in the official processing as well. The alternative method merges only the well determined SCA boresight directions. This method was implemented on the GRACE SCA data for the first time. Both methods were expected to provide optimal solution characteristic by the full accuracy about all three axes, which was confirmed. In the second step, we analyzed the differences between the official SCA1B RL02 data generated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) and our solution. SCA1B RL02 contains systematically higher noise of about a factor 3–4. The data analysis revealed that the reason is the incorrect implementation of algorithms in the JPL processing routines. After correct implementation of the combination method, significant improvement within the whole spectrum was achieved. Based on these results, the official reprocessing of the SCA data is suggested, as the SCA attitude data are one of the key observations needed for the gravity field recovery.     

多任务使命平台上电子设备发展趋势研究

通过对侦察、对抗和打击一体化系统在现代战争中的地位与作用的介绍,分析了多任务使命平台上各种电子设备之间的冲突,提出了在多任务使命平台上综合电子设备的发展趋势,在此基础上得出几点启示.     

基于Galerkin法的柔性绳系辅助返回系统的展开动力学建模与分析

以大型空间绳系辅助返回系统为背景,利用微元法和拉格朗日方程建立有分布质量的柔性绳系辅助返回系统的展开动力学模型.针对模型复杂的非线性和强耦合问题,采用Galerkin法进行离散化处理以求解;引入经典的珠子模型,以验证Galerkin法解的准确性;最后通过数学仿真来验证和分析Galerkin法解的正确性和收敛性,并对绳系...     

确定性仿真结果检验与状态分析方法

为判断多状态的仿真结果正确与否,建立了变异系数相等情况下的确定性仿真结果检验方法.同时,在变异系数相等或方差相等的情况下,分别建立了一种确定性仿真结果状态分析方法,可对仿真结果的各个状态逐一进行分析,以确定哪些状态已被正确仿真,哪些状态尚未被正确模拟,从而指导仿真软件的编制.     

Issues in planetary protection: policy, protocol and implementation

Planetary protection is NASA's term for the practice of protecting solar system bodies from Earth life while protecting Earth from life that may be brought back from other solar system bodies. Spacefaring nations will soon begin retrieving samples from Mars and other solar system bodies. For these samples, planetary protection is in order, and measures are already in place to prevent the forward contamination of Mars and other bodies by Earth microbes and the backward contamination of Earth by possible extraterrestrial life. A major goal of planetary protection controls on forward contamination is to preserve the planetary record of natural processes by preventing human-caused microbial introductions.