让客户支援成为直升机制造业的核心竞争力

随着近年来我国直升机事业的迅猛发展,直升机销售额日益增长,直升机制造业规模不断扩大,客户支援团队也在日益壮大,同时对整个客户支援力量的要求也越来越高。这就出现了一个问题——直升机群体的增大造成了客户支援管理难度的大大增加,这是所有直升机制造业面临的问题,需要更合理地构建一流客户支援体系,提高客户满意度,提升直升机制造业产品的市场竞争力。     

直升机结构承载能力研究

介绍用迭代方法求解直升机结构承载能力的过程,求解非线性方程。计算时,首先假定结构是给定的,求出结构最大承载能力;以某一直升机模拟试验件为例,算出各试验件每一元素的应力、位移、屈服情况、失稳部位随着加载过程而变化情况以及最大承载能力等。计算结果与试验结果吻合很好。     

直升机复合材料结构试验与分析一致性技术的应用研究

本文主要进行了一致性评判技术在直升机复合材料结构试验与分析中的应用研究。对复合材料典型结构件,本文先进行了有限元建模及分析计算;然后进行了相应的强度试验并得出试验结果。通过对位移计算结果和试验结果的对比分析,本文对其进行了一致性模糊综合证券,从而验证了该评判方法的有效性。     

Sensor selection of helicopter transmission systems based on physical model and sensitivity analysis

In the helicopter transmission systems, it is important to monitor and track the tooth damage evolution using lots of sensors and detection methods. This paper develops a novel approach for sensor selection based on physical model and sensitivity analysis. Firstly, a physical model of tooth damage and mesh stiffness is built. Secondly, some effective condition indicators(CIs) are presented, and the optimal CIs set is selected by comparing their test statistics according to Mann–Kendall test. Afterwards, the selected CIs are used to generate a health indicator(HI)through sen slop estimator. Then, the sensors are selected according to the monotonic relevance and sensitivity to the damage levels. Finally, the proposed method is verified by the simulation and experimental data. The results show that the approach can provide a guide for health monitoring of helicopter transmission systems, and it is effective to reduce the test cost and improve the system's reliability.     

Progress in helicopter infrared signature suppression

Due to their low-attitude and relatively low-speed fight profiles, helicopters are subjected to serious threats from radio, infrared(IR), visual, and aural detection and tracking. Among these threats, infrared detection and tracking are regarded as more crucial for the survivability of helicopters. In order to meet the requirements of infrared stealth, several different types of infrared suppressor(IRS) for helicopters have been developed. This paper reviews contemporary developments in this discipline, with particular emphasis on infrared signature suppression, advances in mixer-ejectors and prediction for helicopters. In addition, several remaining challenges, such as advanced IRS, emissivity optimization technique, helicopter infrared characterization, etc., are proposed, as an initial guide and stimulation for future research. In the future, the comprehensive infrared suppression in the 3–5 lm and 8–14 lm bands will doubtfully become the emphasis of helicopter stealth. Multidisciplinary optimization of a complete infrared suppression system deserves further investigation.     

Team effectiveness evaluation and virtual reality scenario mapping model for helicopter emergency rescue

The application of helicopter emergency rescue is becoming increasingly widespread, but the flight crew training in this area is still difficult due to high cost and risk. Nevertheless, with the development of Virtual Reality (VR) technology, virtual simulation has become a significant role in crew training of helicopter rescue. During the implementation of VR-based training, how to transform complex real tasks into VR scenarios and how to evaluate the performance of crew are of great importance. To address these issues, a novel VR-based R-E-A-D (Report, Evaluate, Agree, Do) evaluation model for training is proposed, which is suitable for complex missions with multiple tasks, multiple scenarios, and multiple people. Then, a mapping method of VR scenarios is put forward, which can transform the real tasks into virtual scenarios to serve the virtual simulation training. Finally, an experiment is carried out to verify the feasibility of the evaluation method and virtual scenario mapping method.     

Efficient prediction of ground noise from helicopters and parametric studies based on acoustic mapping

Based on the acoustic mapping, a prediction model for the ground noise radiated from an in-flight helicopter is established. For the enhancement of calculation efficiency, a high-efficiency second-level acoustic radiation model capable of taking the influence of atmosphere absorption on noise into account is first developed by the combination of the point-source idea and the rotor noise radiation characteristics. The comparison between the present model and the direct computation method of noise is done and the high efficiency of the model is validated. Rotor free-wake analysis method and Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings (FW-H) equation are applied to the aerodynamics and noise prediction in the present model. Secondly, a database of noise spheres with the characteristic parameters of advance ratio and tip-path-plane angle is established by the helicopter trim model together with a parametric modeling approach. Furthermore, based on acoustic mapping, a method of rapid simulation for the ground noise radiated from an in-flight helicopter is developed. The noise footprint for AH-1 rotor is then calculated and the influence of some parameters including advance ratio and flight path angle on ground noise is deeply analyzed using the developed model. The results suggest that with the increase of advance ratio and flight path angle, the peak noise levels on the ground first increase and then decrease, in the meantime, the maximum Sound Exposure Level (SEL) noise on the ground shifts toward the advancing side of rotor. Besides, through the analysis of the effects of longitudinal forces on miss-distance and rotor Blade-Vortex Interaction (BVI) noise in descent flight, some meaningful results for reducing the BVI noise on the ground are obtained.     

直升机产品信息全生命周期管理与集成技术研究

直升机产品研制随着信息技术的发展得到了进一步规范和固化,数字化手段对产品研制数据进行自顶向下有效地管控,同时自底向上高效地反馈。在系统工程及并行工程思想的影响下,结合元模型建模理论,对直升机产品全生命周期研制流程及管理体系进行梳理,阐述了直升机产品全生命周期管理业务逻辑结构和集成技术架构,并分析了全生命周期管理系统集成技术,为直升机产品全生命周期管理与集成提出了一种有效的解决方法。     

一种变旋翼转速直升机/涡轴发动机非线性模型预测控制方法研究

为了实现变旋翼转速直升机/涡轴发动机快速响应控制,提出了一种基于神经网络的直升机旋翼预测模型与基于状态变量模型的涡轴发动机预测模型的新型非线性模型预测控制方法。所建目标函数除了包含转速控制指标外,还考虑了经两级变速双离合器传动机构传扭后发动机输出轴的转子动力学特性。不同飞行任务下的数值仿真结果表明:相对于PID控制器而言,非线性模型预测控制器可在满足压气机转速、发动机静强度等限制条件下使动力涡轮转速在变旋翼转速过程中的超调量减小50%,下垂量降至0.2%以内,实现了涡轴发动机的快速响应控制的同时,有利于改善发动机使用寿命。     

小突片红外抑制效应的实验研究

利用地面模拟试验件实验研究了主喷管流速为亚声速,温度610℃左右,下洗气流速度11m/s,位于主喷管出口的小突片的安装方式和尺寸对某型号直升机发动机出口红外隐身效果的影响,实验用的混合管主喷管面积比为1.5。结果表明,和不装小突片时的基准状态相比,安装四片小突片时出口最高气流温度和平均气流温度分别降低2.3%和1%,主喷管总压升高0.44%。而增加小突片的尺寸,对红外抑制效果有所改进,不过总压损失会增大。