湿热对单向复合材料层合板Ⅱ型分层特性的影响

利用横向裂纹拉伸试验模型（Transverse Crack Tension-tension Test）,在3种湿热环境（室温、85℃和85℃/95%RH）条件下,对2种单向碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料（T300/QY8911和HTA/6376）层合板的Ⅱ型分层特性进行了试验研究。结果表明湿热环境导致复合材料层间断裂韧性降低,引起Ⅱ型应变能释放率门槛值显着下降,裂纹扩展速率大大提高,温度的影响较湿度更为明显。利用电镜（SEM）对试样分层表面进行了检测,湿度对断面特征无明显的影响。     

钛合金/不锈钢网的扩散连接

探讨了钛合金／不钢网扩散连接的可行性,确定了直接扩散连接条件下的最佳工艺参数,分析了影响扩散连接的主要因素及接头微观形态。针对实际构件,深入分析了加压方式和变形率的关系,并提出了控制变形量得到无变形接头的方法。     

Solar Irradiance Variability Since 1978

Since November 1978 a set of total solar irradiance (TSI) measurements from space is available, yielding a time series of more than 25 years. Presently, there are three TSI composites available, called PMOD, ACRIM and IRMB, which are all constructed from the same original data, but use different procedures to correct for sensitivity changes. The PMOD composite is the only one which also corrects the early HF data for degradation. The results from the detailed analysis of the VIRGO radiometry allow a good understanding of the effects influencing the long-term behaviour of classical radiometers in space. Thus, a re-analysis of the behaviour of HF/NIMBUS-7 and ACRIM-I/SMM was indicated. For the former the situation is complicated by the fact that there are no in-flight means to determine changes due to exposure to solar radiation by comparison with a less exposed radiometer on the same spacecraft. The geometry and optical property of the cavity of HF is, however, very similar to the PMO6-type radiometers, so the behaviour of the PMO6V radiometers on VIRGO can be used as a model. ACRIM-I had to be revised mainly due to a henceforth undetected early increase and a more detailed analysis of its degradation. The results are not only important for solar radiometry from space, but they also provide a more reliable TSI during cycle 21. The differences between the revised PMOD composite and the ACRIM and IRMB are discussed by comparison with a TSI reconstruction from Kitt-Peak magnetograms. As the PMOD composite is the only one which has reliable data for cycle 21, the behaviour of the three solar cycles can now be compared and the similarities and differences discussed.     

钛合金的固态Cu致脆行为研究

分别采用慢应变速率拉伸、恒载荷拉伸加载方法研究了TC11钛合金在不同温度下的Cu脆行为,Cu与钛合金试样表面的接触分别采用离子束增强沉积和机械压合法实现.研究结果表明:在500℃慢速率拉伸条件下,钛合金呈现出较高的铜脆敏感性,而在300℃,400℃时,Cu脆敏感性不明显.在恒载荷试验条件下,500℃时,Cu对钛合金的力学性能影响较低;550℃时,Cu使TC11合金的断裂寿命和塑性指标显著降低.Cu脆的发生必须满足:Cu与钛合金紧密接触;合适的温度;试样应保持一定大小的形变速率.     

Deformation Behavior of Mg-8 wt%Li Alloy under High-speed Impact

Deformation behavior of the Mg-8 wt%Li alloy at high strain rate was studied by means of the Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (with strain rate of 103 s-1). It is found that shear localization proves to be the main damage mode for the alloy during dynamic loading. Strain and strain rate are the two necessary parameters affecting the occurrence of deformation and shear bands. Deformation bands begin to form when the strain and strain rate reach 0.20 and 1 900 s-1 respectively and will develop gradually with the strain rate increasing. Be-sides, deformation bands will transform into shear bands when the strain and strain rate reach above 0.25 and 3 500 s-1 separately.     

共因失效率的不确定性评估

利用影响矢量法中定义权值的思想并对其进行扩展,针对数据的不确定性问题,提出了一种新的共因失效率的计算方法。该法综合考虑评估和统计的不确定性,利用概率生成函数,根据权值来获得系统多重失效率的均值和方差。算例表明,在计算共因失效率均值时,该法与传统的近似计算法获得了相同的结果,而在计算方差时,传统的近似法给出了过于乐观的结果。     

一种基于FPGA的全帧率图像处理方法

针对图像算法在FPGA内的硬件化实现问题,提出了一种全帧率处理的思路,并提供了两种具体的可供参考的设计方法——基于像素流缓冲的卷积核处理技术和基于相邻图像帧相关性的图像参数提取技术。通过其可以方便地设计并实现大部分空间域图像处理算法及其任意组合的硬件逻辑电路,并达到与图像输入帧率相同的处理速度。以Canny算子的硬件化实现为例验证了设计理念。实验结果表明,全帧率图像方法具有可操作性强、实时性好、符合结构化模块化设计的特点,特别适合于对实时性要求高的嵌入式视觉系统。     

固体燃料超燃冲压发动机燃速研究进展

对固体燃料超燃冲压发动机燃烧面退移速率（简称燃速）研究现状和进展进行了详细阐述,分别从固体燃料类型、燃烧室构型、理论预估模型、数值模拟及实验研究等方面出发,论述了固体燃料在超声速流动下燃速研究的进展和难点;从亚燃冲压发动机、热防护层、富氧环境下绝热层烧蚀3个方面提炼出可以用于超燃冲压发动机燃速研究的经验和方法:①提出了加强针对固体燃料超声速流动中受热行为、传热传质过程的研究方向;②深入探索了固体超燃燃速性质;③开发了对应的数值软件及系统地进行实验等观点,为国内该领域的研究提供参考.      

固液火箭发动机试验燃速的计算

基于固液火箭发动机固体药柱燃速与药柱通道氧化剂质量流率的关系,推导分析得出:在2s短工作时间内或者药柱通道直径增大10%的情况下,燃烧室压力与其氧化剂质量流量成正比.因此通过试验测量的燃烧室压力可计算得到发动机转级或者关机拖尾段中的氧化剂质量流量.据此,计算发动机拖尾段消耗的燃料质量,消除发动机拖尾段燃料消耗对平均燃速的影响,可以修正常用的计算试验燃速的起止点平均法.利用此方法对两种试验推进剂组合的燃速进行了计算,原偏高的燃速值降低约20%,不同尺寸发动机的燃速符合尺寸规律,偏差在5%以内,使小尺寸发动机测得的燃速可应用到大尺寸发动机的设计中.      

基于SPN的跑道利用率模型分析与研究

采用随机Petri网(SPN)建立了跑道系统运行约束方程;通过构造同构马尔科夫链建立了系统处于各种状态时的稳态概率表达式;改变变迁的触发速率,分析跑道利用率的变化情况。证明了模型的可达性、有界性,且不存在死点。