Multiple-site investigation of the properties of an HF radio channel and the ionosphere using Digital Radio Mondiale broadcasting

The Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM), one of the new digital radio broadcasting standards, has been designed to overcome typical short wave radio channel difficulties, such as the multipath propagation and fast temporal changes of the received signal level, both related to the properties of the ionosphere along the path of propagation. In particular, some of the RF carriers used in the applied COFDM transmission technique serve to estimate the current state of the radio channel to enable the proper demodulation of the received signal.We have been detecting such RF carriers on select frequency channels (standard DRM broadcast) using a network of recording stations located in different parts of Poland in order to collect data on the HF radio channel. We have been also evaluating the usefulness of this procedure in providing information on the current state of the ionosphere in the refraction region between the transmitter and receivers. When the DRM system becomes more widespread, this method can supplement data that comes from the ionosondes, since it does not require much financial resources and the receivers can be easily scattered over a large area. This paper presents a set of experimental data and its analysis.     

Coronal radio-sounding detection of a CME during the 1997 Galileo solar conjunction

Frequency fluctuations of the Galileo S-band radio signal were recorded nearly continuously during the spacecraft’s solar conjunction from December 1996 to February 1997. A strong propagating disturbance, most probably associated with a coronal mass ejection (CME), was detected on 7 February when the radio ray path proximate point was on the west solar limb at about 54 solar radii from the Sun. The CME passage through the line of sight is characterized by a significant increase in the fluctuation intensity of the recorded frequency and by an increase in the plasma speed from about 234 km s⁻¹ up to about 755 km s⁻¹. These velocity estimates are obtained from a correlation analysis of frequency fluctuations recorded simultaneously at two widely-separated ground stations. The density turbulence power spectrum is found to steepen behind the CME front. The Galileo radio-sounding data are compared with SOHO/LASCO observations of the CME in the corona and with WIND spacecraft data near the Earth’s orbit.     

The evolution of mirror type magnetic fluctuations in the magnetosheath based on multipoint observations

Two orbits were selected in January–February 2006 when the separation between the Cluster spacecraft was large and mirror type magnetic field fluctuations were observed by all spacecraft in different regions of the terrestrial magnetosheath. Minimum variance analysis was applied to find the mirror type fluctuations, and the amplitude of the fluctuations was determined individually. Mirror mode structures are moving along the streamlines frozen in the plasma. A model was developed for the calculation of plasma flowtime from the bow shock to the observation point. The growth rate of the field strength perturbations was estimated by comparing the amplitudes of fluctuations observed simultaneously at distant locations (∼10,000 km) based on the assumption that δB ∼ exp(γt). The obtained growth rate values were about an order of magnitude smaller than those provided by linear models and they decreased in the inner regions of the magnetosheath, indicating some saturation in the growth of the waves when proceeding towards the magnetopause. The results of these two case studies suggest that mirror type fluctuations originate from the compression region downstream of the quasi-perpendicular bow shock, and the growth of the fluctuations cannot be described by linear approximations.     

一种基于稀疏分解的微多普勒频率估计算法

目标微动特性和微多普勒特征分析在真假目标识别方面发挥了重要作用。由于微动目标雷达同波具有非线性、多分量性等特征,需要相应的具有高分辨力、低交叉项、大的动态范围的分析工具,才能较好地揭示目标微多普勒特征。稀疏分解方法中的匹配追踪（MP）具有频域高分辨能力,对于信号细微特征提取具有很好的效果。研究了基于匹配追踪的微多普勒频率估计问题,该方法可以准确提取出目标微多普勒频率,为后续的目标识别提供了重要的依据。-     

基于分布式管理架构的应用型网管系统的设计与研究

根据当前IT应用的普及情况,分析了大中型企业中网络资源管理存在的问题,研究了网管软件的相关技术并设计了一套符合当前应用需求的分布式管理架构的应用型网管系统。该系统不但可监测各类操作系统的性能,还可对数据库、WEB服务等应用服务器的性能进行监控。结合网管软件的发展动态,展示了该应用型网管系统的工程应用价值。     

WIOBSS: The Chinese low-power digital ionosonde for ionospheric backscattering detection

The ionospheric laboratory of Wuhan University has developed an ionosonde over about seven years. The prototype is designed as a portable, low-power digital MF (medium frequency) and HF (high frequency) radio system with high range and Doppler resolution. The first system is used for ionospheric oblique backscattering detection and called WIOBSS (Wuhan Ionospheric Oblique Backscattering Sounding System). WIOBSS is a portable monostatic ionosonde for both ionospheric research and HF channel management, adopting alternate transmitting and receiving patterns to transmit long coded pulse trains for high pulse compression gain. The almost perfect sequences are applied to modulate the pulse train for sounding without range sidelobes and the echo phase is used to estimate the Doppler velocity and velocity fluctuation. This paper introduces the new techniques adopted by WIOBSS and presents some observations.     

Evaluation of the IRI model for the European region

The aim of this paper is to investigate various aspects of the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) performance in European area and to evaluate its accuracy and efficiency for: long term prediction of the critical frequencies foF2 and the maximum usable frequencies (MUF); using storm-time correction option (ST); the total electron content (TEC) and the maximum observable frequency (MOF) updating. Data of foF2, TEC, MOF are related to 2005. It is obtained that median values of foF2 can be predicted with the mean error σ(med)∼ 0.49 MHz. For median values of MUF absolute σ was 1.39 MHz and relative σ_r was 8.8%. For instanteneous values estimates are increased to 1.58σ(med) MHz for foF2 and could reach 3.84 MHz for MUF. Using correction ST-option and TEC values provided ∼30% improvement but TEC seems to be more preferable. However, from considered parameters of the IRI updating (ST-factor, TEC, MOF) the best results were demonstrated by MOF. Using the IRI2007 to calculate TEC gives 20–50% improvement of TEC correspondence to experimental values but this improvement is not enough to treat TEC without the IRI model adaptation.     

LYAPUNOV-TYPE STABILIZATION FOR NONLINEAR UNCERTAIN SYSTEMS AND NONLINEAR H~∞ CONTROL

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基于任务科目的直升机飞行品质评定试飞技术研究

主要对ADS-33E中飞行品质评定的要求进行分析,从任务科目、响应类型和可用感示环境3个维度进行飞行品质的等级评定研究,提出了直升机飞行品质综合评定的试飞技术研究思路,并对某型号直升机的试飞结果和有关问题进行了初步分析。     

A Class of TVD Type Combined Numerical Scheme for MHD Equations With a Survey About Numerical Methods in Solar Wind Simulations

It has been believed that three-dimensional, numerical, magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) modelling must play a crucial role in a seamless forecasting system. This system refers to space weather originating on the sun; propagation of disturbances through the solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), and thence, transmission into the magnetosphere, ionosphere, and thermosphere. This role comes as no surprise to numerical modelers that participate in the numerical modelling of atmospheric environments as well as the meteorological conditions at Earth. Space scientists have paid great attention to operational numerical space weather prediction models. To this purpose practical progress has been made in the past years. Here first is reviewed the progress of the numerical methods in solar wind modelling. Then, based on our discussion, a new numerical scheme of total variation diminishing (TVD) type for magnetohydrodynamic equations in spherical coordinates is proposed by taking into account convergence, stability and resolution. This new MHD model is established by solving the fluid equations of MHD system with a modified Lax-Friedrichs scheme and the magnetic induction equations with MacCormack II scheme for the purpose of developing a combined scheme of quick convergence as well as of TVD property. To verify the validation of the scheme, the propagation of one-dimensional MHD fast and slow shock problem is discussed with the numerical results conforming to the existing results obtained by the piece-wise parabolic method (PPM). Finally, some conclusions are made. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.