机载箔条弹雷达回波的建模与仿真

飞机目标通常抛撒箔条弹来干扰雷达的工作。针对这一作战场景,首先研究分析了飞机与箔条的运动特性和雷达回波特性,导出了对于地基防御雷达而言,箔条弹在时域上可视为点目标、在多谱勒域上可不考虑其多谱勒展宽效应的结论。在此基础之上,建立了箔条干扰的数学和仿真模型,模拟并分析了飞机加箔条的运动状态和雷达回波特性。研究成果有助于揭示箔条干扰的雷达特性,评估箔条的干扰效果。     

中国星载CCD相机控温仪性能比较

星载CCD相机热设计中的主动控温加热器一般由控温仪来完成自动控制。中国卫星普遍采用的控温仪是常规电子开关型控温仪和智能型控温仪，文章对这两种控温仪的性能进行了多个方面的比较。     

飞航导弹电子对抗体系及其发展趋势

阐述了在电磁状况日益复杂的战场环境下,飞航导弹作为主战武器面临的几种主要的电子对抗威胁。对电子对抗体系的发展和特点进行了研究,并将国外的电子对抗体系分为雷达和光电两大类进行了介绍,总结了其发展趋势。对飞航导弹的研制及其电子对抗体系的建立提出了参考建议。     

民航安全文化变革探析

民航安全文化变革是民航安全文化自我创新、建设发展的重要途径。其变革方式有渐进性变革与突发性变革、主动变革与被动变革之分;其变革步骤主要按照PDCA循环实施;其变革规律主要是由浅层到深层、无序到有序、量变到质变。     

沙粒蠕移运动速度测量及其统计分析

对大气边界层风洞中沙粒蠕移运动进行了高速光学测量并获取了数字图像序列.经过非负图像减法、自动阈值法及双向粒子追踪算法的依次运算,提取了足量的有效蠕移运动轨迹.从轨迹信息中获取了蠕移速度并进行统计分析,结果表明了以起动方式划分的两种蠕移运动的比重特性及其随摩阻风速的变化规律:流体起动蠕移代表整个蠕移运动的稳定变化部分,而碰撞起动蠕移代表动态变化部分;随着摩阻风速增大,前者比重减小,后者比重增大;在摩阻风速超过临界值之后,蠕移运动的主导形式从流体起动转化为碰撞起动.     

HF wave activity in the low and middle-altitude polar cusp

We reported the results of our investigations of wave activity in high-frequency range performed on board CLUSTER spacecraft in the middle-altitude cusp region, around 5 R_E during August and September 2002. Our analysis was mainly based on the registration gathered by the WHISPER instrument (Waves of HIgh frequency and Sounder for Probing of Electron density by Relaxation). For a better understanding of the processes of wave-particle interaction and in order to understand the general plasma conditions in the cusp region, we also included in our analysis the data registered by the STAFF (Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Field Fluctuation experiment) instrument and the CIS (Ion Spectrometry experiment) instrument. These observations were carried out during different geomagnetic activity; under quiet conditions and during magnetic storm period. The space plasma is characterised by the ratio of plasma frequency to electron gyrofrequency, in this case, the local plasma frequency was, mainly, a little greater than the electron plasma, but it was also frequently observed that these two characteristic frequencies were not very different from one another. The whistler waves, electron-cyclotron waves, electron-acoustic waves and Langmuir waves have been detected when the spacecraft was crossing the middle-altitude cusp region. We suggested that the majority of those waves were generated by electron beams. For a better understanding the plasma conditions in the low and middle-altitude cusp region the past FREJA wave data results are used to describe typical wave activity detected in the low-altitude cusp region. The aim of this paper is to discuss, on the basis of a few chosen representative examples, the property of typical high wave activity detected in the lower part of cusp region.     

高精度多普勒频高图的获取和分析

电离层高频反射回波的多普勒频移是研究电离层扰动的一个重要参数.在数字测高仪探测中,高分辨率的多普勒频移一般在漂移测量中获得,但这种测量方式探测的频点少,不能获得扰动的高度剖面;而在频高图模式下,虽然工作的频点多,能够获得电子浓度的高度剖面的信息,但探测的多普勒频移的分辨率低,无法用来精确检测电离层扰动.实际的电离层高频回波一般为窄带信号,由此本文中提出了一种新的分析方法,利用DGS-256数字测高仪频高图模式下记录的16个多普勒通道的数据,通过反傅里叶变换还原成时域信号,采用最小二乘法估计相邻时间点的相位差,获得高精度多普勒频高图.作为实例,利用该方法分析武汉电离层观象台数字测高仪观测站的观测数据,得到了多频点的多普勒频移曲线.结果表明:在DGS-256数字测高仪频高图模式下能够得到高精度多普勒频高图,这在电离层扰动探测和研究中很有意义.     

A new technique for direction of arrival estimation for ionospheric multipath channels

A novel array signal processing technique is proposed to estimate HF channel parameters including number of paths, their respective direction of arrivals (DOA), delays, Doppler shifts and amplitudes. The proposed technique utilizes the Cross Ambiguity Function (CAF), hence, called as the CAF-DF technique. The CAF-DF technique iteratively processes the array output data and provides reliable estimates for DOA, delay, Doppler shift and amplitude corresponding to each impinging HF propagated wave onto an antenna array. Obtained results for both real and simulated data at different signal to noise ratio (SNR) values indicate the superior performance of the proposed technique over the well known MUltiple SIgnal Classification (MUSIC) technique.     

Chirp脉冲的分数阶傅里叶域测距

为了扩展利用Chirp脉冲测距的灵活性和适用性,基于分数阶傅里叶变换特点,提出了一种运算量更小且更具扩展性的Chirp脉冲测距新方法,并导出了其离散距离估计子的解析表达式。分析了该距离估计子的离散精度和多目标分辨力,考察了多普勒频移所引起的测距误差,并对比了本文方法与脉冲压缩方法的主要性能参数。研究结果表明:本文方法在大时宽带宽积条件下具有与脉冲压缩方法相比拟的性能,且运算量约减少一半。最后,仿真验证了理论推导的正确性。     

利用TDRSS自主导航定位的方法研究

文章在分析TDRSS传统的跟踪测轨方法的基础上，提出了一种利用TDRSS单向多普勒信息实现用户航天器自主导航定位的新方案。介绍了该方法的实现原理，给出了具体的导航定位算法，同时对该方法的性能也进行了详细的分析。