气动压力对柔性热防护结构隔热性能的影响

提出"等效导热热阻"这一参数来反映柔性热防护结构的隔热性能,用石英灯辐射加热和机械加压的方式来模拟柔性热防护结构服役过程中的的气动热/压环境,根据所做热试验的结果数据研究了在一定温度下,气动压力对柔性热防护结构等效导热热阻的影响规律。结果表明:随着气动压力的增大,柔性热防护结构的隔热性能呈非线性下降趋势,因此在对柔性热防护结构设计时,必须考虑其服役过程中表面气动压力对其隔热性能的影响。     

Introduction to Meridian Space Weather Monitoring Project

The Meridian Project is a ground- based network program to monitor solar-terrestrial space environment, which consists of a chain of ground-based observatories with multiple instruments including magnetometers, ionosondes, HF and VHF radar, Lidar, IPS monitors, sounding rockets etc. The chain is mainly located in the neighborhood of 120°E meridian, and is thus named the Meridian Project. It has officially been approved by the Chinese government and will be finished by 2009. This talk will give an overview of the Meridian Project and the proposed International Space Weather Meridian Circle Program.     

Recent Development and Preliminary Results of Chinese Meridian Project

The Meridian Project is a ground-based network program to monitor solar-terrestrial space environment, which consists of a chain of 15 ground-based observatories located roughly along 120°E longitude and 30°N latitude. The Meridian project started in 2008, and its construction was completed by 2011. The integration and test phase of the Meridian Project conducted in 2011 demonstrated its observation capabilities as expected. The project will be in full operation in 2012. This report gives an overview of the recent development and preliminary results of the Meridian Project since 2010.      

萤火一号宽视场彩色相机的设计及地面检测

介绍了宽视场彩色相机工作原理、相机方案及设计结果. 发射前实验室检测结果表明, 整机静态分辨率达180 lp/mm, 信噪比为34 dB. 用户在发射前对宽视场彩色相机的成像效果进行了初步评估, 认为宽视场彩色相机能够正常工作, 数据格式正确, 图像质量优良, 能够进行稳定的数据观测, 采集与下传. 最后介绍了相机在研制过程中采用的一些新技术.      

GNSS地基集成测试与开发环境

GNSS地基集成测试与开发环境可测试和监测GPS,GLONASS,GALI-LEO等多种导航星座的空间信号,更重要的是测试和认证各种新型接收机和应用产品的性能和指标。同时为新的GNSS系统投入运行前进行必要的信号结构试验、接收机试验等。本文从集成测试与开发环境建立动机和目标入手,重点阐述了其运行模式、系统结构、测试区域选择标准,并进行了逼真度分析以及系统规划。以期对我国自主研发GNSS集成测试与开发环境做些探索性工作。     

Starting to partner with NASA in space and Earth science

NASA research programs offer many opportunities for productive partnerships with investigators in other countries. While spacecraft projects are complex and very expensive, there are other, lower-cost partnerships that can yield important scientific results and offer excellent opportunities for building up new space and Earth science programs and for training new researchers.     

Design of BDS-3 integrity monitoring and preliminary analysis of its performance

With the improvement in the service accuracy and expansion of the application scope of satellite navigation systems, users now have high demands for system integrity that are directly related to navigation safety. As a crucial index to measure the reliability of satellite navigation systems, integrity is the ability of the system to send an alarm when an abnormity occurs. The new-generation Beidou Navigation Satellite System (BDS-3) prioritized the upgrading of system integrity as an important objective in system construction. Because the system provides both basic navigation and satellite-based augmentation system (SBAS) services by the operational control system, BDS-3 adopts an integrated integrity monitoring and processing strategy that applies satellite autonomous integrity monitoring and ground-based integrity monitoring for both the basic navigation service and SBAS navigation service. BDS-3 also uses an improved and refined integrity parameter system to provide slow, fast and real-time integrity parameters for basic navigation, and provide SBAS-provided integrity information messages in accordance with Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics (RTCA) specification and dual frequency, multi-constellation (DFMC) specification to support the SBAS signal frequency, single constellation operation and DFMC operation respectively. The performance of BDS-3 system integrity monitoring is preliminarily verified during on-orbit testing in different states, including normal operation, satellite clock failure and satellite ephemeris failure. The results show that satellite autonomous integrity monitoring, ground-based integrity monitoring and satellite-based augmentation all correctly work within the system. Satellite autonomous integrity monitoring can detect satellite clock failure but not satellite orbit failure. However, ground-based integrity monitoring can detect both. Moreover, the satellite-based augmentation integrity system monitors the differential range error after satellite ephemeris and clock error corrections based on user requirements. Compared to the near minute-level time-to-alert capability of ground-based integrity monitoring, satellite autonomous integrity monitoring reduces the system alert time to less than 4 s. With a combined satellite-ground monitoring strategy and the implementation of different monitoring technologies, the BDS-3 integrity of service has been considerably improved.     

Ground-based millimeter-wave observations of water vapor emission (183 GHz) at Atacama,Chile

We report the first results of ground-based millimeter-wave measurements of 183 GHz atmospheric water vapor spectra from Atacama highland (4800 m alt.), Chile. The measurements were carried out in December 2005 by using a spectroscopic radiometer equipped with a superconductive heterodyne receiver. A conspicuous H₂O spectrum at 183 GHz was detected with an integration time of only 1.5 min, and this is the first high frequency-resolution H₂O spectrum at 183 GHz obtained in the southern subtropical region. The vertical profile of H₂O volume mixing ratio between 40 and 64 km were retrieved from the spectrum by using the modified optimal estimation method.     

地基光学图像中本体-帆板结构航天器姿态估计方法

提出一种利用地基光学图像估计空间目标姿态的方法。针对本体-帆板结构航天器外形结构特点，定义了一种不易遮挡的两轴结构特征，设计了地基光学图像中该特征的提取方法；根据航天器成像过程建立了特征点二三维几何投影方程，实现了航天器三维姿态的解算。利用单站序列图像，可获得航天器姿态变化角速度信息。在轨航天器的试验结果表明，本方法能有效地从地基光学图像估计出航天器姿态。     

Imaging spectroscopy of the Venus 1.27-μm O2 airglow with ground-based telescopes

Several ground-based observations of the Venus 1.27-μm O₂ airglow were carried out from 2002 to 2005. Spectral image cubes were taken with the Okayama Astrophysical Observatory/infrared imaging spectrometer (superOASIS), the Gunma Astronomical Observatory/Cassegrain Near-Infrared Camera and NASA’s Infrared Telescope Facility/cryogenic echelle spectrograph (CSHELL). The brightest airglow features were found at around the anti-solar point, which is in agreement with previous studies. We derived the rotational temperature distributions on the nightside hemisphere from observed airglow spectra. The temperature shows a weak positive correlation with the airglow intensity. The result indicates the bright region is heated chemically and/or dynamically, and supports the existing scenario for the Venus O₂ airglow. That is, the airglow is excited by the descending oxygen transported from the dayside.