航天用安装铜导线熔断特性研究

文章研究了航天用安装铜导线的熔断特性与其过载电流的对应关系。首先通过物理模型获得铜导线的理论熔断特性曲线;再结合航天的实际使用条件,采用Shooting Method以及最小方差法对物理模型进行修正,获得等效热传导系数kq值;建立与kq值相关的熔断特性曲线,给出导线在大气环境和真空环境下长期通电不发生熔断的最大电流密度值。研究结果可为安全使用安装导线提供参考。     

ICP加速度传感器恒定电流对其灵敏度的影响

在振动与冲击测试中,ICP加速度传感器应用较为广泛,而传感器灵敏度是其最基本的指标之一。实际使用时,ICP加速度传感器通常都会配有信号调节仪,该调节仪为ICP加速度传感器提供恒定电流,不同的信号调节仪所提供的恒定电流也会有所不同。在不同恒定电流情况下,传感器灵敏度是否随之变化,如何变化？针对这一问题我们展开讨论。     

材料次级电子发射特性对表面充电影响的数值计算研究

表面充电是最早被人们发现的空间环境效应, 是由空间环境引起的航天器异常和故障的主要诱因之一. 采用较精确的金属二次电子发射公式和局部电流平衡模型, 在无光照的情况下, 对不同表面材料及不同几何形体的航天器表面充电电位进行计算, 并绘制了表面材料的充电电位与最大二次电子发射系数之间的关系曲线. 根据数值计算结果及次级电子发射系数和曲线图得知, 航天器阴面充电电位与表面材料的原子序数、最大二次电子发射系数和入射离子引起的次级发射系数均有关. 该计算对航天器表面材料的选取和设计工艺有一定的参考价值.      

微尺度线电极电解加工

微尺度线电极电解是近期出现的一种新加工方法,采用钨丝作为线电极,在加工过程中电极无损耗,通过控制工具电极轨迹可实现微细结构加工。建立了微尺度线电极电解加工模型;通过微尺度线电极叠加微幅振动,促进了加工间隙中电解液更新;针对加工电压、脉冲宽度、脉冲周期和加工速度等影响微尺度线电极电解加工精度的因素进行了参数对比试验,并对加工参数进行了分析和优化。采用电化学腐蚀原理进行微米尺度线电极的在线制作,在线制得直径10 μm和2 μm的线电极,实现了切缝宽度为20 μm以下的复杂微细结构以及切缝宽度为8 μm以下的微螺旋结构。     

基于labview的电涡流测距仪的设计

本文结合计算机等相关技术,提出了一种基于labview的电涡流传感器测量的方法。电涡流位移传感器存在非线性,人工标定存在误差,标定金属材料单一等矛盾,笔者通过实验与仿真研究来解决并在此基础上用labview软件实现了检测结果的界面显示。     

水中钛合金电火花加工的辅助电流抑制杂散腐蚀研究

提出了水中钛合金电火花加工辅助电流抑制杂散腐蚀的加工方法,利用辅助电源施加阴极电流的方式使金属界面呈负电性并达到足够负的电极电位以抑制杂散腐蚀的发生。研究了杂散腐蚀的产生机理和辅助电流对杂散腐蚀的抑制机理,对添加辅助电流前后钛合金表面进行了电场仿真分析、实验验证、表面形貌及组份分析。结果表明:采用辅助电流的方式能有效地消除水中钛合金电火花加工中存在的杂散腐蚀。     

Mean solar quiet daily variations in the earth’s magnetic field along East African longitudes

Solar quiet daily (Sq) variation in the earth’s magnetic field along the East African meridian was studied using data of the H, D and Z components recorded with Magnetic Data Acquisition System of SERC. One year data recorded at ten African geomagnetic observatories was used in the analysis of worldwide solar quiet daily variation (Wsq). The study revealed that the focus of Sq (H) in the southern hemisphere lies at the boundary of low and middle latitude region. Noon-time enhancement of Sq (H) was generally noticed at all stations along the meridian, though it is latitudinal dependent in terms of magnitude as it reduces with distance from dip equator. In addition, night-time variations also occur in small magnitude along African meridian in Sq (H) and Sq (Z) which could be attributed to non-ionospheric sources. Semi-diurnal variation was noticed in Sq (D) at all stations except in AAB that is under the influence of electrojet current. Dusk sector calm condition of Sq (D) current was notice in some stations and the same condition was also noticed at dawn sector in some other stations. The usual sunrise maximum and sunset minimum for D component at stations north of dip equator as well as sunrise minimum and sunset maximum was found to increase with distance away from dip equator. Day-time perturbation of Sq current was noticed to be more pronounced in all the three field elements. Mass plots of annual mean hourly value show contrasting phase pattern about the focus in H element and the results of the variations at each region with the associated standard error. It was concluded from the result of correlation coefficients computed that different currents system flowing in opposite directions could be responsible for contrasting patterns.     

Validation of a Compression Mass Gauge using ground tests for liquid propellant mass measurements

To properly estimate orbital lifetimes and predict the maneuverability of spacecraft, the remaining liquid propellant mass must be accurately known at every moment of a space mission. This paper studies the Compression Mass Gauge (CMG) method to determine the mass of liquid contained in a tank in a low-gravity environment with high accuracy. CMG is a thermodynamic method used to determine the quantity of liquid by measuring the gas pressure change when the tank volume changes, and has been previously theoretically and experimentally studied by researchers. The primary objective of this investigation is to explore the effects of attitude disturbance and the spacecraft thermal environment on the accuracy of the method. A ground test system, consisting of several test apparatuses, was fabricated and described as part of this study. The test results and analyses indicate that the CMG performs well and has an accuracy of ±1%. Additionally, demonstrations were performed to show that measurement errors do not increase drastically or exceed ±1% when the test system is vibrated to simulate the tank being perturbed as a result of an attitude disturbance. Liquid sloshing resonance was found to have a significant effect on the gauging accuracy. Measurements in a real thermal environment in which heat transfers into and out of the propellant tank were also conducted. The results show that the gauging accuracy is acceptable for normal liquid propellant. Furthermore, theoretical research shows that heat leakage has a significant influence on cryogenic propellant mass gauging.     

针对地线扰动的一种地线电流自动补偿方法

本文分析了地线干扰的主要原因与途径,指出了抑制地线干扰的几种措施,同时为了解决地线电流通过地线阻抗形成差模电压对高精度测量性能造成影响的问题,提出了一种基于地线电流自动补偿技术的解决方案,利用本技术方案,可以自动地将流经地线的直流电流和杂波噪声电流补偿为零,即使地线存在直流电阻和交流阻抗,在地线的两端也不产生压降,提高了系统信号准确度。     

Determination of the mean dynamic ocean topography model through combining multi-source gravity data and DTU15 MSS around China's coast

Mean dynamic ocean topography (or MDT) is closely related to ocean circulation and global climate change. It has important scientific significance and application value for the development and utilization of marine resources in China's coastal areas. Based on the terrain gravity, marine gravity, and SRTM 3?s data, an algorithm to reduce the problem of gravity data gaps between land and sea is proposed. A consistent land-sea gravity model is established based on point-mass fusion method. Then geoid model, which accuracy was estimated to be 8.5?cm through the verification of 348 GNSS/level data from the coastal provinces, of China's coastal areas was calculated through remove-restore technique. Connecting the above geoid model with DTU15 MSS model to establish a MDT model in China's coastal areas using the direct method in space domain. The effect of gravity field model, dominant factors of sea surface topography, and low pass filter are analyzed. Taking Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea as an example, and comparing MDT with the two international models CNES_2013_MDT and DTU15_MDT. The results show that the MDT has the potential to construct a vertical datum of the ocean and carry out related scientific research and application.