边界层稳定性的非平行性问题研究

采用抛物化稳定性方程的新方法研究稳定性的非平行问题，其控制方程从涡量形式的N－S方程导出，为提高计算精度和收敛速度，在法向采用高精度的高阶谱方法，结合边界层特征安排边界条件的方程，以及对无限区域数值问题作高效的代数变换处理，通过对预估校正迭代过程中推进步长有效的控制，以满足正规化条件，研究了不同类型压力梯度对稳定性的作用，由系列算例得到的增长率变化曲线和扰动中性曲线等，精确地给出了非平行性对流动稳定性的影响，计算的结果与相关数据符合甚好。     

Variational Bayesian Kalman filter using natural gradient

We propose a technique based on the natural gradient method for variational lower bound maximization for a variational Bayesian Kalman filter. The natural gradient approach is applied to the Kullback-Leibler divergence between the parameterized variational distribution and the posterior density of interest. Using a Gaussian assumption for the parametrized variational distribution, we obtain a closed-form iterative procedure for the Kullback-Leibler divergence minimization, producing estimates of...     

气动-引力辅助转移轨道研究及在星际探测中的应用

借力飞行是减小星际探测任务发射能量和总的速度增量的有效途径,然而,借力飞行前后,探测器速度矢量转角的变化往往受到借力星体体积、质量等因素的影响,而不能达到理想的要求。若在借力飞行中引入气动辅助变轨,即气动-引力辅助转移(AGA),则这一问题可以得到有效解决。现通过对AGA转移轨道的分析,给出了AGA转移轨道设计的拼接条件,此拼接条件是对AGA转移轨道进行设计和分析的重要准则。同时还以探测Ivar小行星为例,提出了一种将绘制等高线图和圆锥曲线拼接相结合的设计AGA转移轨道的方法,并给出了设计探测Ivar小行星转移轨道的参数。数值计算表明:AGA转移方法不但可以降低远程星际探测任务的发射能量和总的速度增量,而且可以找到更多的探测机会。     

捷联式重力定高引信的力学分析及其关键技术

根据地球的重力场特性控制弹道导弹的引爆高度，不但安全可靠，而且可以对抗电子干扰。保持惯性空间是测量重力场的重要保证。本文论证捷联式重力定高引信的力学原理，给出了详细的数学证明。最后根据实验结果，讨论了捷联式重力测高引信的关键技术。     

基于重力梯度杆和磁铁的小卫星三轴姿态控制

运用卫星低轨道两个主要环境力矩（重力梯度矩和地磁力矩）对圆轨道卫星三轴姿态进行被动控制。利用重力梯度矩实现卫星对地指向：卫星上的永久磁铁获取所需的地磁力矩,稳定偏航姿态。给出卫星的姿态分析,并给出仿真结果。从分析和仿真结果可以看出,此卫星具有结构简单、时刻对地定向、低轨道倾角时卫星姿态稳定精度较高的优点。     

固体导弹发动机药柱长期重力作用下的解析计算

为分析固体导弹发动机在长期重力作用下的位移、应力和应变,用应力函数推导了发动机药柱水平贮存时的弹性和粘弹性解析解,给出了相应的计算公式。根据Burgers模型表征的药柱力学特性,用弹性和粘弹性有限元分析法对发动机药柱进行了数值计算。算例分析表明,解析解与有限元解吻合较好,误差小于1%。     

AIUB-CHAMP02S: The influence of GNSS model changes on gravity field recovery using spaceborne GPS

The gravity field model AIUB-CHAMP02S, which is based on six years of CHAMP GPS data, is presented here. The gravity field parameters were derived using a two step procedure: In a first step a kinematic trajectory of a low Earth orbiting (LEO) satellite is computed using the GPS data from the on-board receiver. In this step the orbits and clock corrections of the GPS satellites as well as the Earth rotation parameters (ERPs) are introduced as known. In the second step this kinematic orbit is represented by a gravitational force model and orbit parameters.     

3D Imaging of the OH mesospheric emissive layer

A new and original stereo imaging method is introduced to measure the altitude of the OH nightglow layer and provide a 3D perspective map of the altitude of the layer centroid. Near-IR photographs of the OH layer are taken at two sites separated by a 645 km distance. Each photograph is processed in order to provide a satellite view of the layer. When superposed, the two views present a common diamond-shaped area. Pairs of matched points that correspond to a physical emissive point in the common area are identified in calculating a normalized cross-correlation coefficient (NCC). This method is suitable for obtaining 3D representations in the case of low-contrast objects. An observational campaign was conducted in July 2006 in Peru. The images were taken simultaneously at Cerro Cosmos (12°09′08.2″ S, 75°33′49.3″ W, altitude 4630 m) close to Huancayo and Cerro Verde Tellolo (16°33′17.6″ S, 71°39′59.4″ W, altitude 2272 m) close to Arequipa. 3D maps of the layer surface were retrieved and compared with pseudo-relief intensity maps of the same region. The mean altitude of the emission barycenter is located at 86.3 km on July 26. Comparable relief wavy features appear in the 3D and intensity maps. It is shown that the vertical amplitude of the wave system varies as exp (Δz/2H) within the altitude range Δz = 83.5–88.0 km, H being the scale height. The oscillatory kinetic energy at the altitude of the OH layer is comprised between 3 × 10⁻⁴ and 5.4 × 10⁻⁴ J/m³, which is 2–3 times smaller than the values derived from partial radio wave at 52°N latitude.     

Shear flow energy redistribution stipulated by the internal-gravity wavy structures in the dissipative ionosphere

The linear mechanism of generation, intensification and further nonlinear dynamics of internal gravity waves (IGW) in stably stratified dissipative ionosphere with non-uniform zonal wind (shear flow) is studied. In case of the shear flows the operators of linear problem are non-selfadjoint, and the corresponding Eigen functions – nonorthogonal. Thus, canonical – modal approach is of less use studying such motions. Non-modal mathematical analysis becomes more adequate for such problems. On the basis of non-modal approach, the equations of dynamics and the energy transfer of IGW disturbances in the ionosphere with a shear flow is obtained. Exact analytical solutions of the linear as well as the nonlinear dynamic equations of the problem are built. The increment of shear instability of IGW is defined. It is revealed that the transient amplification of IGW disturbances due time does not flow exponentially, but in algebraic – power law manner. The effectiveness of the linear amplification mechanism of IGW at interaction with non-uniform zonal wind is analyzed. It is shown that at initial linear stage of evolution IGW effectively temporarily draws energy from the shear flow significantly increasing (by an order of magnitude) own amplitude and energy. With amplitude growth the nonlinear mechanism turns on and the process ends with self-organization of nonlinear solitary, strongly localized IGW vortex structures (the monopole vortex, the transverse vortex chain or the longitudinal vortex street). Accumulation of these vortices in the ionospheric medium can create the strongly turbulent state.     

IMPROVEMENT OF PHASE GRADIENT AUTOFOCUS ALGORITHM

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