大型对日定向装置大开口复合材料主承力架传力设计及验证

根据大型对日定向装置的结构特点和受力特性，调整传力结构，充分利用纤维增强复合材料结构的可设计性，开展优化设计。在保证高刚度和轻量化的同时，克服结构大开口带来的承载能力不足，设计出结构质量与承载比仅为5.2%，集舱段和壳体功能于一体的大型对日定向装置复合材料主承力架结构。建立有限元模型，分别采用Tsai-Wu和最大应变2种纤维增强复合材料的强度失效准则，对其进行校核。开展静力试验，采集应变等信息，与有限元仿真分析结果展开对比。结果表明:其整体趋势一致，顺利通过试验考核。     

用于光纤F-P声压传感器的直流补偿解调技术研究

提出了一种改进的双腔直流补偿技术，用于解调非本征法布里-珀罗干涉(EFPI)光纤传感器，以消除腔长差与入射光波长相匹配的要求。通过消除直流分量和校准信号相位，可以从具有任意相位差的原始信号中获 得两路正交信号。通过理论仿真，制作了具有不同腔长差的EFPI光纤传感器，对所提出的方法进行了试验验证。 结果表明，该方法在解调双 F P腔 EFPI传感器时，不需要保证初始相位差恒定，且对腔长漂移不敏感，具有良好的 稳定性和实用价值。     

国产M55J级碳纤维与两种典型树脂界面性能研究

为了夯实国产M55J级碳纤维在航天构件中的应用基础，重点研究了国产M55J级碳纤维与航天环氧和氰酸酯树脂的界面性能，并与进口M55J碳纤维进行对比。采用扫描电子显微镜、原子力显微镜对碳纤维的微观形貌进行表征，通过接触角测量、红外光谱分析和微脱粘测试对碳纤维与航天树脂的粘附功、浸润性、化学反应特性和界面剪切强度进行测定。结果显示，国产M55J级碳纤维表面存在大量沟槽，上浆剂形成少量突起；国产M55J级碳纤维与两种树脂的浸润性优于M55J碳纤维与树脂浸润性，国产M55J级碳纤维与两种航天树脂的粘附功分别为55.76和48.61 mN/m，均高于进口碳纤维的粘附功；国产M55J级碳纤维上浆剂与两种航天树脂经高温固化后反应程度达到100%；国产M55J级碳纤维与两种航天树脂的界面剪切强度分别为74.62和62.99 MPa，均高于M55J碳纤维。     

碳纤维复合材料轴向压缩性能测试方法对比北大核心CSCD

轴向压缩性能一直是复合材料力学性能评价表征研究的难点。本文以国产T800级、M40J级碳纤维复合材料为研究对象,从试验研究、机理分析、计算模拟等角度,系统对比并分析了四种常用复合材料压缩性能测试方法的优劣与适用性,提出了优化的测试条件。试验与模拟结果表明,剪切加载方法(GB/T 3856—2005)易产生应力集中造成试样提前破坏,使压缩强度测试结果相比美标剪切加载方法(ASTM D3410—2016)降低约9%;端部加载(SACMA SRM 1R—94)测试结果较美标剪切加载和联合加载方法(ASTM D6641—2014)高3%~6%。测试条件优化研究中发现,加强片材质对破坏模式影响较大,强界面高强度复合材料适宜采用金属加强片,弱界面低强度复合材料适宜采用玻璃钢加强片。分析试样断口形貌,剪切加载和端部加载方法都可以观察到单向复合材料以纤维“跪折”为主的破坏模式。从测试结果和破坏模式来看,端部加载方法是较优的压缩强度测试方法。     

原子氧对碳纤维增强氰酸酯复合材料的侵蚀及机理研究

针对碳纤维增强氰酸酯复合材料(CFCE)开展原子氧暴露试验及反应产物原位测量的散射试验,并进行暴露前后的质量损失、SEM及XPS试验。结果表明,该材料的受原子氧腐蚀率为(2.20±0.36)×10~(-24)cm~3/atoms。受原子氧腐蚀后,样品表面C元素相对原子浓度增加,O元素基本不变;表面的树脂脱落,碳纤维暴露在原子氧环境中,表面出现蚀坑,且数量及形状逐渐变大,蚀坑相连,最终沿纤维方向形成一条沟壑。高能氧原子与复合材料发生反应,生成产物CO、CO_2、H_2O、OH和CH_3。     

中空纤维型自修复复合材料的修复效率及力学性能

以5-亚乙基-2-降冰片烯(ENB)和Grubbs催化剂组成的修复系统为修复剂、以外径为Ф0.9mm的中空玻璃管为载体,通过压力破坏实验和三点弯曲实验研究含有中空玻璃管复合材料的弯曲性能及自修复的效率。结果表明:压力破坏实验给试件带来的损伤程度最大可达到14.67%;已受损的试件在修复系统的作用下,试件的强度能恢复到原强度的99.15%。     

短切碳纤维增强环氧树脂形状记忆复合材料的制备与性能研究

为实现形状驱动能耗与复合材料力学性能的最佳配合，本文在热致环氧形状记忆聚合物基体中提高增韧剂新戊二醇二缩水醚（NGDE）含量来降低其玻璃化转变温度，同时添加短切碳纤维（SCF）来抵消由增韧剂引起的刚度降低负面效果。通过实验研究了不同NGDE、SCF含量对复合材料形状记忆转变温度、形状记忆性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明，增加NGDE含量可将环氧聚合物基体的形状记忆转变温度从90 ℃降至43 ℃，其储能模量和弯曲模量也随之降低。在11wt%NGDE上添加SCF后，复合材料的玻璃态储能模量、橡胶态储能模量、弯曲模量最高可提高至原始试样的1.9倍、7倍和2.4倍。     

注胶法修复5228A/ CF3031 层压板力学性能研究

针对5228A/ CF3031 层压板生产过程中可能产生的缺陷,设计并制造了孔径超差、不圆孔、孔径
分层、孔边打磨过分、边缘分层等5 种常见缺陷,并采用注胶法对5 种缺陷进行修复。采用ASTM 标准对无缺
陷试样、缺陷试样、修复试样的拉伸、压缩、弯曲、纵横剪切和层间剪切强度进行了测试,并对试样进行了光学显
微镜观察。研究表明孔径超差对拉伸、压缩、弯曲强度影响较大,缺陷试样强度分别下降了11. 1%、13. 8%、
14.4%;孔边打磨过分对纵横剪切强度影响较大,缺陷试样纵横剪切强度下降了25. 6%;边缘分层对层间剪切
强度影响较大,缺陷试样层间剪切强度下降了27. 3%。采用注胶法修复后,5 种缺陷试样的力学性能均有一定
程度的提高。相比而言,修复后层压板抵抗拉伸、压缩、层间剪切等小形变破坏的效果显著;抵抗弯曲、纵横剪
切等大形变破坏的效果不理想。     

Enhanced ultrasonic total focusing imaging of CFRP corner with ray theory-based homogenization technique

Ultrasonic testing is effective in defect characterization and quality assurance of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) components in the aerospace industry. Due to the coupling between complex shape and elastic anisotropy, the Phased Array Ultrasonic Testing (PAUT) and time-based Total Focusing Method (TFM) face significant challenges in the calculation of wave propagation. A wave velocity distribution model is established for a multidirectional convex corner of CFRP based on a homogenization theory and the above coupling effects are also incorporated. A ray-tracing method is proposed based on Dijkstra’s shortest path search algorithm. The predicted time of flight ensures that this technique, the homogenized TFM, could synthesize a high-quality focused image by post-processing on the full matrix capture data. Experiments on a laminate with three ?1.5 mm Side-Drilled Holes (SDHs) in different circumferential directions confirm a successful homogenized TFM imaging that all SDHs can be effectively detected. As compared to the isotropic scenario, the maximum positioning error is reduced to 0.12, 0.08, and 0.38 mm, and the Signal-to-Noise Ratios (SNRs) are increased by 2.1, 1.1, and 11.8 dB, respectively. It is suggested that the ray-tracing assisted TFM technique can effectively improve the imaging of corners in CFRP components.     

Effects of fiber orientation on tool wear evolution and wear mechanism when cutting carbon fiber reinforced plastics

The aim of the present paper is to reveal the influence of different fiber orientations on the tool wear evolution and wear mechanism. Side-milling experiments with large-diameter milling tools are conducted. A finite element (FE) cutting model of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) is established to get insight into the cutting stress status at different wear stages. The results show that different fiber orientations bring about distinct differences in the extent, profile and mechanism of tool wear. Severer wear occurs when cutting 45° and 90° plies, followed by 0°, correspondingly, the least wear is obtained when θ = 135° (θ represents the orientation of fibers). Moreover, the worn profiles of cutting tools when θ = 0° and 45° are waterfall edge, while round edge occurs when θ = 135° and a combined shape of waterfall and round edge is obtained when θ = 90°. The wear mechanisms under different fiber orientations are strongly dependent on the cutting stress distributions. The evolution of tool wear profile is basically consistent with the stress distribution on the tool surface at different wear stages, and the extent of tool wear is determined by the magnitude of stress on the tool surface. Besides, the worn edges produce an actual negative clearance angle, which decreases the actual cutting thickness and leads to compressing and bending failure of fibers beneath the cutting region as well as low surface qualities.