翼尖装置优化设计研究

使用面元法气动分析软件VSAERO对机翼与翼梢小翼组合体模型进行数值模拟,并采用Steve Smith提出的诱导阻力优化方法对翼梢小翼的定位进行优化设计。结果表明,能够有效地预测出翼梢小翼的最优定位,在翼梢小翼优化设计中具有很好的适用性。     

Are small-scale field-aligned currents and magnetosheath-like particle precipitation signatures of the same low-altitude cusp?

We examined some 75 observations from the low-altitude Earth orbiting DMSP, Ørsted and CHAMP satellites which were taken in the region of the nominal cusp. Our objective was to determine whether the actually observed cusp locations as inferred from magnetosheath-like particle precipitation (“particle cusp”) and intense small-scale magnetic field variations (“current cusp”), respectively, were identical and were consistent with the statistically expected latitude of the cusp derived from a huge number of charged particle spectrograms (“statistical cusp”).     

大长径比卷弧尾翼火箭弹气动特性数值研究

采用CFD方法对大长径比卷弧尾翼火箭弹流场进行了模拟,对比风洞实验数据,验证了数值方法可靠性.对比单个弹体和翼身组合体的气动特性,得到了卷弧尾翼对全弹气动特性的影响.利用正交设计方法,建立以卷弧尾翼6个几何参数为因素的正交数值实验表,得到卷弧尾翼几何参数对各个气动系数的影响.分析零安装角卷弧尾翼在超音速下零度攻角时流场,指出翼面压力分布差异,得到自诱导滚转力矩产生机理,同时分别指出超音速时其随攻角、曲率半径、展弦比和马赫数的变化趋势.     

火箭靶弹零升阻力系数辨识

火箭靶弹无控飞行过程中飞行攻角较小且无法准确模拟,为提高靶弹弹道理论预估精度,弹道理论计算可假定飞行攻角为零,将飞行攻角产生的诱导阻力贡献折算为对零升阻力系数的修正。建立了火箭靶弹气动特性工程计算方法,针对火箭靶弹零升阻力系数计算模型不确定性问题,利用火箭靶弹A飞行试验GPS遥测数据对其零升阻力系数进行了参数辨识,基于辨识结果对火箭靶弹零升阻力系数工程计算方法进行了修正。经火箭靶弹B飞行试验结果验证,由于综合考虑了飞行攻角产生的诱导阻力贡献,采用修正后的零升阻力系数,弹道理论预估精度大大提高,满足工程要求。     

现代飞机俯仰跟踪时诱发振荡预测分析

根据飞机纵向ＰＩＯ的特点，提出了预测分析ＰＩＯ所用的人－机闭环系统数学模型，其中飞机采用等效系统数学模型，驾驶员操纵采用ＭｃＲｕｅｒ模型，参数按地面人－机模拟飞行跟踪试验确定，集中介绍了四种飞机纵向ＰＩＯ预测准则，Ｓｍｉｔｈ－Ｇｅｄｄｅｓ准则，修正带宽准则，增益，相位裕度准则，Ｎｅａｌ－Ｓｍｉｔｈ原则，并提供了相应的计算方法。     

驾驶员诱发振荡的抑制方法

对电传操纵系统驾驶员诱发振荡（ＰＩＯ）的现象进行了分析，指出了舵回路速率饱和是造成ＰＩＯ的主要原因，并有针对对给出了一种非常规的用于解决饱和非线性问题的程序控制方法。这种方法主要是通过舵回路反馈的状态信息来改变驾驶杆输入信号的放大系数，从而达到有效抑制ＰＩＯ的目的，同时用Ｈｕｒｗｉｔｚ稳定判据进行了机理分析，最后给出了仿真验证结果，证明该方法是简单而有效的。     

飞机纵向驾驶员诱发振荡灵敏度分析

采用系统灵敏度理论，以修正的带宽准则，增益和相位裕度准则以及Ｎｅａｌ－ｓｍｉｔｈ准则等飞机纵向驾驶员诱发振荡（ＰＩＯ）预测准则作为系统指标，建立了参数变化对诱发振荡预测指标影响的灵敏度公式，以ＪＪ７飞机为例，给出了飞机，操纵系统及驾驶员参数上述指标影响的灵敏度，根据计算结果进行了ＰＩＯ参数敏度预测分析，同时与数值仿真结果进行了对比分析。     

Controlling factors of Region 2 field-aligned current and its relationship to the ring current: Model results

One essential component of magnetosphere and ionosphere coupling is the closure of the ring current through Region 2 field-aligned current (FAC). Using the Comprehensive Ring Current Model (CRCM), which includes magnetosphere and ionosphere coupling by solving the kinetic equation of ring current particles and the closure of the electric currents between the two regions, we have investigated the effects of high latitude potential, ionospheric conductivity, plasma sheet density and different magnetic field models on the development of Region 2 field-aligned currents, and the relationship between R2 FACs and the ring current. It is shown that an increase in high latitude potential, ionospheric conductivity or plasma sheet density generally results in an increase in Region 2 FACs’ intensity, but R2 FACs display different local time and latitudinal distributions for changes in each parameter due to the different mechanisms involved. Our simulation results show that the magnetic field configuration of the inner magnetosphere is also an important factor in the development of Region 2 field-aligned current. More numerical experiments and observational results are needed in further our understanding of the complex relationship of the two current systems.     

尾涡数值模拟的曲涡元技术

连接涡线端点形成涡段并计算其对空间任意点的影响系数是尾迹分析的基本环节,称为涡元技术。本文推出圆弧涡元与其应用程序,并引进抛物拱弧涡元,以代替传统的直涡元。提供的曲涡元程序可方便地用于尾迹分析,算例表明曲涡元在提高精度减少计算量方面的先进性。     

On electromagnetic phenomena in Mercury’s magnetosphere

Mercury has a small but intriguing magnetosphere. In this brief review, we discuss some similarities and differences between Mercury’s and Earth’s magnetospheres. In particular, we discuss how electric and magnetic field measurements can be used as a diagnostic tool to improve our understanding of the dynamics of Mercury’s magnetosphere. These points are of interest to the upcoming ESA-JAXA BepiColombo mission to Mercury.